Gender Equality in Leadership and Management of Organization

This report focuses on gender equality in leadership and management of organizations, specifically studying the meaning of gender equality, its importance, challenges faced, and methods to improve gender equality. The research is based on a case study of Tesco PLC. The aim is to reduce gender discrimination within the organization.

Equality and Diversity in the
Workplace

Contents
TITLE..............................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background..................................................................................................................................3
Aim and Objectives.....................................................................................................................3
Research Questions......................................................................................................................3
Significance.................................................................................................................................4
Rationale......................................................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................4
Meaning of Gender Equality in High Diverse Organization Like Tesco PLC............................4
Study the Importance of gender equality in leadership and management of organization..........4
Challenges Faced by Organization to Maintain Gender Equality in Top Leadership and
management.................................................................................................................................5
Methods to Improve Gender Equality in an organization...........................................................5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES.................................................................................................6
DATA COLLECTION PROCESS..................................................................................................9
DATA ANALYSIS.......................................................................................................................10
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................15
REFLECTION...............................................................................................................................16
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY......................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17

TITLE
“To study gender equality in leadership and management of organization to reduce
gender discrimination with in organization.”
INTRODUCTION
Background
This report is about gender discrimination in business organization that can affect the
performance of business organization in target market MAKENA, (2017). Report is based on
Tesco PLC which was established in year 1919 by Jack Cohan in Hackney, London, United
Kingdom. Grnder discrimination will be evaluated for the performance of organization in
international business environment.
Aim and Objectives
Aim
“To study gender equality in leadership and management of organization to reduce
gender discrimination with in organization.”- A case study of Tesco PLC
Objectives
Main objectives of the research paper are
1. To identify the meaning of gender equality in high diverse organization like Tesco PLC.
2. To study the Importance of gender equality in leadership and management of
organization.
3. To analyse the challenges faced by organization to maintain gender equality in top
leadership and management.
4. To find different methods to improve gender equality in an organization.
Research Questions
Main research question for this research are-
1. What is the meaning of gender equality in high diverse organization like Tesco PLC?
2. Why it is important for manage gender equality in leadership and management of
organization?

3. What are the challenges faced by organization to maintain gender equality in top
leadership and management?
4. What are different methods to improve gender equality in an organisation?
Significance
This topic is very important for the business organization because their performance and
reputation in international market is depended on the work place environment of organiation.
Rationale
This topic is selected for the research work because most of organization want to
implement some changes in their organization to improve their workforce diversity and equality
with in the work place to get better response from target market.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Meaning of Gender Equality in High Diverse Organization Like Tesco PLC.
According to the Breuer, (2016) Gender equality is considered as an ethical factor within
organization in which all people who are working in organization are considered equal in the
work place. There are different type of people works in high diverse organization with in the
workforce. This is important for the business organization to treat all people. There are different
considerations are made by the organization to provide equal opportunities and rewards in
organization as per their performance in the work place. Work place equality is explained as
condition where the people are able to aces and enjoy equal rewards, opportunities and resources
regardless of their gender. Within the work place gender equality is explained as achievement of
the broadly equal resources and opportunities in the organization. An organization here all
people are treated equally and do not get judged over the aspects like their gender or their
attributed which are not related to their skills and profession Bryant, (2019). In current time most
of organization are working on the gender equality within organization to provide better
opportunities to them with in the work place. For example companies where all people are
treated equally can be considered as organization which are consists of gender equality criteria.
Study the Importance of gender equality in leadership and management of organization.
According to Moron and Mujtaba, (2018) gender equality is important for the business
organization in different ways. For different organization work place discrimination is major

issue that can affect the performance of business organization in target market. This is major
concern for organization to deal with issues that are related to their work place efficiency. There
are different benefits of gender equality for organization it can improve the performance of
organization in target market. Some of major benefits of the organization can help them with
behaviour aspects with their business process. Some of major benefits of gender equality for
business organization are related to improve the national productivity and performance of
organization in target market. The main advantage of the gender equality in the business
organization are improved national production and economic growth of the organization. It can
improve the motivation of the employee in organization. This is how employee motivation can
help the organization to improve their performance in the target market. Effective equality policy
and practices help the organization can help the organization to retain their talent to maintain
performance in the target market. This is also important for the business organization to maintain
their reputation in target market. Gender equality can help the organization to maintain the
reputation in target market.
Challenges Faced by Organization to Maintain Gender Equality in Top Leadership and
management.
As per the view of Firpo, (2017)there are different organization can use various processes
to improve the gender equality with in the business organization. Some process and practices can
be used by the organization to maintain gender equality within the organization work place. For
example organization can improve the equality policies to maintain the equality with in the work
place. In the process of training and development process organization can implement some
processes that can help the employees to maintain effective work place environment in the work
place. There are some processes can be implemented in the organization policies in order to
make employees to follow the rules and regulation to develop effective environment which is
improving gender equality Within the organization work place. Some other processes also can be
used in the business organization to improve the workplace environment in the organization. For
example management and leadership of company can implement various technologies can be
implemented in the organization to maintain monitoring and tracking on the employee activities
in the business organization. This is how organization can improve gender equality with in the
organization.

Methods to Improve Gender Equality in an organization.
According to the Motamed and Yarmohammadian, 2017there are different improvements
that can be implemented in the business organization and company work place to improve
gender equality. All the practices that are work practises that are implemented in the business
organization are designed developed by the organization management to offer equal
opportunities and resources to people who work in organization. Some of main practices that can
be implemented in the business organization are- re-evaluation of the job specification that are
prepared by the organization human resource department. By making effective changes in the job
specification organization can provide equal opportunities to both men and women. This gender
gap also can be reduced vy decreasing gap between the male and female employees. This paygap
also can be targeted by the organization for the complete removal process through this process
organization can effectively take positive action to remove the pay gap in the organization. Work
life balance also can be improved to offer better opportunities to both male and female
employees. Mentoring and coaching process also can be implemented in the organization to offer
better work place environment to male and females in organizational work place. There are also
some rules and regulations also can be implemented by the organization to offer better
environment to the female employees in organization. This is how gender equality can be
developed in the business organization.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Sampling
Sampling is a process that is defined as process in which people from large size
population are selected for the research process. There are different processes are used by the
researcher to select people for the process for selecting for the research process. There are two
main processes are used by the researcher for the selection which are probability and non
probability sampling. Probability sampling is known as process where researcher use to select
people in the research project without any biasness. All the people who are selected in the
research process have equal probability to get selected in the research process. The other process
is non probability sampling in which people are selected for the research process people are
selected by process where specific criteria is followed for the selection process. In this research
process probability sampling is used for the selection of people for the research process.

Specifically in the research process simple random sampling is used in the research process.
There are 30 employees of the Tesco PLC are selection for the data collection process. Main
advantage of this process is related to the effective process of data collection which is unbiased
and can not be influenced by organization and other factors. This is one of the best and most
effective process for selection of the people for data collection.
Data collection
Data collection process is used by the researcher for the collection of data from various
sources that are related to the topic of research. There are different type of data collection
process are used by the researcher for the data collection process. Main data collection process
that are use by the researcher for data collection processes are primary data collection and
secondary data collection (Gray, 2019). Primary data collection process is consists of primary
sources of information for the data collection. Main advantage of primary research are about the
effectiveness, precision and accuracy of data. The other data collection process in the research
process is secondary data collection in which secondary sources like books, journals, articles and
blogs for data collection process related to the research topic. In this research project both
approaches will be used in order to collect data to conduct research in effective way. Primary
data will help the researcher to maintain accuracy of data and secondary data will help the
researcher to get brief introduction about the research topic.
Data analysis
There are various methods and techniques are used by researcher for the analysis of data
that is collected in the data collection process. The selection of the technique for data analysis is
dependent on type of data that is collected in the research process. For the numerical data
mathematical data analysis process tools like excel and SPSS. For the theoretical data analysis
process like thematic data analysis process and other processes that can be used for the
theoretical data analysis. As per the qualitative research that is used in the research process so in
this research thematic data analysis process is used. There are different advantages of thematic
data analysis process. Main advantage of the thematic data analysis is about the vast level of
exploration of data collected data on vast level based on various themes. The main advantage of
this data analysis process is regarding the knowledge that can be acquired in the data analysis
process. (Rosenthal, 2016). This technique is used for data analysis because it allows to analyse
data from different perspectives.

Research design-
There are different research techniques are processes are used in the research process.
Research design is considered as the frame work that is used by the research to complete the
research work in efficient manner. Research design can help the researcher to improve the
effectiveness of the complete research process to get better solution for the research questions
that are selected in initial process. Some of the main research design that are used in the research
process are based on the objective of the research topic. Main research design that are used in the
research process are descriptive, explanatory and exploratory research design. There are different
research design used in the research work which are The research design that will be used in the
research will be exploratory. Because it can provide better evaluation of current situation
exploratory research can help the researcher to effectively explain the research topic effectively.
Research approach- There are different approaches are used by the researcher to improve the
effectiveness of research work. This can be considered as the planning of the research process to
improve the effectiveness of research project there are different research approaches are
inductive, deductive and abductive. The Research approach that will be used in this research
project will be inductive to develop knowledge and understanding. The inductive research will
help the researcher to develop new theories based on data collected by the researcher.
Research philosophy-
Research philosophy is considered as process in which researcher consider specific
process and mind set to conduct research with high effectiveness. This is important for the
researcher to use specific mind set to complete research work more efficiently. This philosophy
is used by the researcher to maintain the effectiveness of research work. There are different
research philosophies are used by the research in the research process to improve the
effectiveness of research. Main research philosophies that are used in the research process are
positivism, realism and interpretivism. Positivism is known as approach that is used by the
researcher to develop theory that is based on theories. In this philosophy researcher use previous
theories to explain research work. Realism philosophy is the research where the different theories
are used in the research process which are related to the real life situation. Other research
philosophy that is interpretivism in which collected data is analysed on basis of previous theories
to explain the data collected in the research process. In this research process project

interpretivism research philosophy is used by the researcher for effective analysis of research
topic.
Ethical considerations-
There are various ethical consideration are made by the researcher to get better analysis
of data and better accountable and reliable report for the particular report. these considerations
are made by the researcher to keep the research more reliable and effective which is completing
all the objectives. Some of the main ethical considerations that are made in the research
processes are-
 No person is subjected to harm during the research process.
 Respect and dignity is effectively maintained in the research process to avoid issues in
research process.
 All the respondents are provided with ethical consideration form in order to reduce the
ethical errors and data falsification in the research process.
DATA COLLECTION PROCESS
Questionnaire
Question 1. Do you feel equally treated with in the business organization?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Not Sure
Question 2. Policies that are used by the organization are effective to maintain gender equality
with in organization.
a) Strongly Agreed
b) Agreed
c) Neutral
d) Disagreed
e) Strongly Disagreed
Question 3. Recruitment process designed by organization is effectively based on the gender
equality.
a) Strongly Agreed
b) Agreed

c) Neutral
d) Disagreed
e) Strongly Disagreed
Question 4. Do you think that management of organization take strong action against any
discrimination activity in organization?
a) Strongly Agreed
b) Agreed
c) Neutral
d) Disagreed
e) Strongly Disagreed
Question 5. Development in policies which are made by organization are effective to maintain
gender equality with in business organization.?
a) Strongly Agreed
b) Agreed
c) Neutral
d) Disagreed
e) Strongly Disagreed
DATA ANALYSIS
Theme 1. Treatment with Employees in Organization
Question 1. Do you feel equally treated with in the business organization?
Option Frequency
a) Strongly Agreed 10
b) Agreed 8
c) Neutral 2
d) Disagreed 5
e) Strongly Disagreed 5

10
8
2
5
5
Chart Title
a) Strongly Agreed b) Agreed c) Neutral
d) Disagreed e) Strongly Disagreed
Interpretation
As per the research process 10 respondents among 30 are strongly agreed for the above
statement. 8 respondents are also agreed to the statement above. 2 people have provided neutral
response. 5 people have shown disagreement and 5 people have shown strongly negative
response. From above data it can be interpreted that all the employees in Tesco PLC are treated
equally in organization.
Theme 2. Effectiveness of Company Policy
Question 2. Policies that are used by the organization are effective to maintain gender
equality with in organization.
Option Frequency
a) Strongly Agreed 5
b) Agreed 20
c) Neutral 0
d) Disagreed 3
e) Strongly Disagreed 2

10
8
2
5
5
Chart Title
a) Strongly Agreed b) Agreed c) Neutral
d) Disagreed e) Strongly Disagreed
Interpretation
As per the data collected in research process 5 respondents are strongly agreed that
policies made by organization are effective for maintaining gender equality in organization. 20
people have shown agreement, 0 people have shown neutral behaviour. 3 people have shown
disagreement and 2 people have shown strong disagreement. From the above data it can be
interpreted that policies that are made by organization are effective for maintaining gender
equality in organization.
Theme 3. Effectiveness of Gender Equality in Recruitment Policy
Question 3. Recruitment process designed by organization is effectively based on the
gender equality.
Option Frequency
a) Strongly Agreed 5
b) Agreed 20
c) Neutral 3
d) Disagreed 1
e) Strongly Disagreed 1

10
8
2
5
5
Chart Title
a) Strongly Agreed b) Agreed c) Neutral
d) Disagreed e) Strongly Disagreed
Interpretation
As per data collected in research process 5 respondents are strongly agreed to the
statement above. 20 respondents are agreed to comment and 3 people have provided neutral
response. There are 2 people from the group of 30 people have provided negative response.
Among thee 2 people 1 was disagreed to the statement and 1 respondent has provided strongly
disagreement for the statement. From above data it can be interpreted that recruitment process
that is used by Tesco PLC is effective and accurate for gender equality.
Theme 4. Effectiveness of management Action
Question 4. Do you think that management of organization take strong action against
any discrimination activity in organization?
Option Frequency
a) Strongly Agreed 5
b) Agreed 15
c) Neutral 5
d) Disagreed 3
e) Strongly Disagreed 2

10
8
2
5
5
Chart Title
a) Strongly Agreed b) Agreed c) Neutral
d) Disagreed e) Strongly Disagreed
Interpretation
As per above data it can be interpreted that most of people are agreed to the statement
that actions taken by management of organization are effective to handle various issues in
organization related to the discrimination based on gender. Form above answers it can be
concluded that management is highly concerned with the effective environment in organization.
Theme 5. Policy Development
Question 5. Development in policies which are made by organization are effective to maintain
gender equality with in business organization?
Option Frequency
a) Strongly Agreed 15
b) Agreed 5
c) Neutral 5
d) Disagreed 3
e) Strongly Disagreed 2

10
8
2
5
5
Chart Title
a) Strongly Agreed b) Agreed c) Neutral
d) Disagreed e) Strongly Disagreed
Interpretation
As per the data collected in the research process most people are agreed related to the
development of the organization policies are need to be developed further to offer better work
place environment to the employees of organization. 15 respondents are strongly agreed to the
statement. 5 respondents are agreed to the statement, 5 people have shown neutral respond, 3
people have shown disagreement and 2 people have strong disagreement.
RECOMMENDATIONS
There are different processes can be implemented in the business organization to improve the
work place environment to female employees in Tesco PLC. The best process to implement
better environment in the organization for employees. For example technologies like RFID and
camera surveillance can be implemented in the workplace to control the cases of gender based
discrimination. These technologies can help the company to develop better work practices in
organization. Processes like policy implementation and rules and resolution designing process
organization can use strict process to ensure effective environment in organization. Employee
tracking, job specification designing and gender pay gap can be reduced or removed in the
organization to

REFLECTION
From this research I have learned a lot of things regarding gender equality and its
importance in the business organization. In this study I have also evaluated the importance of the
equality and diversity in organization like Tesco PLC in global market performance. Various
aspects related to the work place diversity has been considered in the research process to develop
better understanding of gender gap and its adverse impact on the work place environment of
company. I have also studied the negative impact of gender based discrimination on performance
of organization performance in target market. I have studied various recommendation made in
the research to improve the work condition in the organization to reduce or remove gender based
discrimination in organization.
CONCLUSION
This report is concluding importance of equality and diversity in the business
organization like Tesco PLC. Various consideration has been made in the research process on the
topic of gender equality with in business organization. Various research methodologies has been
considered in the research process to get better result from the data collected and analysed in the
research process. Different secondary sources has been considered in research process to get
better analysis of data that is collected in the research process. Different employees of the Tesco
PLC has been considered in the research process. Various recommendation has been made in the
research process to improve the gender equality in the business organization.
ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodologies are used in the research process to improve the effectiveness of
research project. There are different alternatives are possible in the research process that can be
used by the research to improve the credibility of the research for the target people. The
sampling process that is used in the research process is effective for better result. For the data
analysis process researcher only can use primary data collection for high effective and relative
data collection. For the data analysis process thematic data analysis can be used by the researcher
on the basis of previous articles and journals for effective result. Different research designs ca be
used by the researcher to get better result with the research process.

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