Causes and Nursing Care for Diabetes and Heart Failure

Essay

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Introduction aetiology of diabetes and heart failure....................................................................3
Possible causes of these mentioned conditions relating to the case study...................................4
Initial health history required.......................................................................................................4
Nursing care on admission...........................................................................................................4
Discussion of the things happened and the things which did not happen...................................5
Client education regarding diabetes.............................................................................................5
Recommendations for changing life............................................................................................6
Ways to provide the information.................................................................................................6
Referrals needed for discharge....................................................................................................7
Things which can help in staying independent............................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is considered to be a disease which occurs when the blood glucose also known as
blood sugar in the individual becomes too high. The glucose is considered to be the main source
of energy and it basically comes from the food eaten by the person. Insulin is a hormone which is
made by pancreas which helps the glucose to enter in the cells for using it for energy. Heart
failure is also known as congestive heart failure which mainly occurs due to the improper
working of the heart muscle which is responsible for pumping blood. This can be caused by
conditions such as narrowed arteries in heart or high blood pressure which weakens the heart for
pumping efficiently (Atherton and et.al., 2018). The essay will focus on the case study of Ms.
Aamira who is 66 years old and also having various language issues and suffering from diabetes
and heart failure. She is facing various symptoms like shortness of breath, persistent cough, lying
flat, swelling in legs and feet etc. This essay will mainly highlight the reasons which led to these
diseases and will also provide nursing care which can be given to her for improving the condition
and minimising the symptoms in Aamira.
Introduction aetiology of diabetes and heart failure
Diabetes is considered to be a metabolic disease which leads to high blood sugar. If the
high blood sugar is not treated then this can also damage eyes, nerves, kidneys or other organs.
There are basically 4 types of diabetes including type 1, type 2, pre-diabetes and gestational
diabetes. Each type of diabetes has different symptoms as well as causes. For the type 1 diabetes,
the main cause is that the immune system attacks and disturbs the insulin producing beta cells in
the pancreas. The main causes of type 2 diabetes include combination of genetics, lifestyle
factors, being obese, carrying extra weight in belly etc. This mainly occurs due to sharing of
genes among family members. Gestational diabetes is caused by hormonal changes and this
mostly occurs at the time of pregnancy (Al-Omary and et.al., 2018). This is because women gain
a lot of weight during pregnancy. Heart failure mainly develops after the conditions which
weakened the heart or stiffness comes in the heart. The main thing is that the heart becomes
unable to pump blood efficiently and effectively throughout the body. This can be due to high
blood pressure. It can include the left side, right side or both the ventricles of the heart.
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