Comparing and Contrasting Motivational Concepts and Their Application

Essay- Critical Evaluation
Comparing and Contrasting
Motivational Concepts and
Their Application
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory.........................................................................................................1
Mcclelland Motivtion Theory......................................................................................................3
Four Drive Theory.......................................................................................................................6
Alderfer's ERG Theory................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
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INTRODUCTION
Motivation is an essential factor which inspire individual to give their best performance
and help in reaching organization goals (Shane and Heckhausen, 2019). A powerful positive
motivation will enable the increased output of employees but a negative motivation will reduce
their performance. A key element in personnel management is motivation. Motivation provides
the different types of benefits to the enterprise and employees such as it helps to increase the
productivity, increase higher customer satisfaction, Lower labour turnover, Lower recruitment
and selection costs, Better communication and teamwork with each other. Employee engagement
is fundamental concept. Employee engagement is the level to which worker feel passionate about
their jobs, are wrapped up to the organization, and put discretionary effort into their work.
Employee engagement is not the same as employee satisfaction.
The present report is based on motivational concept. The report will cover the different
types of motivational theories such as Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory, Four drive theory,
McClelland’s Need Theory etc. Furthermore, report will critical evaluate and comparing and
contrasting motivational concepts
and their application.
MAIN BODY
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory
It is a motivational theory, Maslow (1943, 1954) is stated that group of people and
individual are motivated to accomplish definite needs and that some needs take priority over
others. Thus, The basic needs of people is physical survival, and this will be the first thing that
motivates the people behavior (Gonida and Lemos, 2019). Once personal needs is being satisfied
that level is fulfilled the next level up is what motivates people and so on. Maslow said that
individual must satisfy their personal and lower level of needs before development higher level
of needs. There are five stages of this model such as Physiological needs, safety needs, Love and
belongingness needs, Esteem needs, Self-actualization needs.
Physiological needs – This is an initial stage of and this are biological requirements for human
survival, e.g. air, food, drink, shelter, clothing, warmth, sleep. If these needs are not satisfied the
human body cannot function optimally. Maslow considered physiological needs the most crucial
as all the other needs become secondary until these needs are met. Thus, there are many
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