Importance of Operations Scheduling Techniques and Layout Planning in Nissan Manufacturing

This report discusses the importance of operations scheduling techniques and layout planning in Nissan Manufacturing, focusing on how these strategies help in managing the work effectively and efficiently.

BUSINESS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
PART B............................................................................................................................................3
Evaluate how operations scheduling techniques used to formulate the plan and explain how
layout planning and work system processes help organisation and importance of inventory
management policies..............................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
This report is based on the importance of operations in the organisation and how
operations helps in implementing the strategies in the organisation for the different departments
in order to achieve profitability and productivity. Operations is explained as the management of
the working inside the organisation which includes design of the product or services provided by
the organisation. Operations helps organisation in achieving the efficiency in the performance of
the employees and helps in effective and efficient utilisation of resources. Operations helps in
making the functioning of the organisation smooth and effective (Anand and Gray, 2017).
Operations helps in making the changes in the production, services, management etc. in the
organisation and these changes are made by the higher level people of organisation to achieve
goals and objectives. This report is based on the Nissan manufacturing UK limited which is the
UK's largest car manufacturing plant and this report is based on the operations planning helps in
managing the work of the organisation effectively.
PART B
Evaluate how operations scheduling techniques used to formulate the plan and explain how
layout planning and work system processes help organisation and importance of inventory
management policies
Operations is one of the vital part in the strategy formulation and implementation in the
organisation as it makes the process in the organisation effective and efficient. Operation helps in
managing the services and production in the organisation and it makes the organisation processes
smooth and productive. Organisation focus is to satisfy the consumer with their product and
services and operations helps organisation in creating value to the consumers. Management of
product and the resources are very important for organisation as it helps in producing the
appropriate product according to the need of consumer and operations is the tool which makes
the process efficient. Operations focuses on making the plan and implement the plans to make
the processes effective and helps in understanding the barriers which is making the process
ineffective (Erjavec and Trkman, 2020). Improvement in the processes help organisation to
achieve the goals and objectives as it helps in boosting the profits of the organisation and helps
in maximising the productivity and profitability of the organisation. Operations in the business
evolves with the expansion of the business in the organisation. This report focuses on the Nissan

manufacturing limited and as a manufacturing unit of Nissan have to focus on the getting quality
raw material from the credible supplier as manufacturing unit turns raw materials into physical
products and provide it to the consumers.
Managers of Nissan manufacturing focuses on storing the raw materials, processing,
shipping and focus on making these process effective and efficient. Managers focuses on
reducing the processing time to make the shipping and manufacturing effective and efficient.
Nissan focuses on the logistics also as less lead time in logistics helps Nissan to deliver the
product within the desired timeline. Operations deals with the planning, managing and delivering
the raw material in order to make the production and manufacturing effective. Operations
scheduling techniques focuses on using the resources and deciding the timing to utilise the
resources and delivering the product within the timeline. Nissan manufacturing uses different
operations scheduling techniques to maintain the efficiency and to make the process effective as
it ensures the quality of work and make the production effective (Feng and Shanthikumar, 2018).
There are different operation scheduling techniques used by Nissan to make the process effective
and these techniques are mentioned below:
First come First serve
This technique is explained as the production of the product according to the need of consumers
and providing products to the consumers who made the order first as it helps in maintaining
effectiveness and efficiency as it satisfies the consumers. It is generally used by the organisation
which are producing similar type of products and Nissan doesn't use this type of techniques as
Nissan produces different segment cars and it is nearly impossible to provide on the basis of first
come and first serve. This technique is proved to be ineffective when the organisation is dealing
in more than one product.
Shortest processing time
This technique is explained as producing the product by taking the less time and organisation
focuses on the product which takes shortest time and focuses on prioritise manufacturing of those
products. Nissan uses this technique as there are different types of car which is manufactured by
the Nissan and there are small sized cars which takes less time in production compare to the
SUV and Sedan. Nissan focuses on the production of the vehicle which takes shortest time in the
production (Gölzer and Fritzsche, 2017).

Slack time remaining
Slack time is explained as the mathematical equation which is calculated by subtracting the time
which it takes to make the product form the time which is due as this equation helps organisation
in understanding the product which is taking less time in production in comparison to the other
product as it helps organisation in manufacturing the product within the timeline. Nissan uses
this technique as it helps in manufacturing the product which is taking less time and also helps in
bringing the effectiveness and efficiency in the production.
Critical ratio
This technique is similar to the slack time as in this equation processing time is divided by the
time remaining instead of subtracting from it. This technique also helps in bringing the
effectiveness and efficiency in the production of the organisation (Holweg and et. al., 2018.).
Techniques which are mentioned above helps organisation in scheduling the operations and
making the process of production effective and efficient. These techniques are used by the
Nissan manufacturing because Nissan have to maintain it's image in the market and it is only
possible when Nissan delivers the quality product to the consumers. These techniques helps
Nissan in understanding the processes and helps in focusing on the products which can be
manufactured effectively and also helps in identifying the processes which are ineffective and
implementing steps to overcome barriers in the process. These techniques helps organisation in
formulating the plans to make the process effective and efficient. Operations is defined as the
management of the processes and overcoming the barriers which comes during the process and
making the process effective and efficient. Nissan uses these techniques as a tool to determine
the barriers and to understand the efficiency and effectiveness of process. These techniques helps
Nissan in formulating the plan regarding the utilisation of resources and helps in managing the
resources according to the need. Nissan is one of the top players in the environment of UK and in
order to maintain that managers focuses on delivering the quality product to the consumers and
providing the products according to the needs and preferences of the consumers (Ivanov,
Tsipoulanidis and Schönberger, 2017). Plan which is formulated on the basis of these techniques
helps Nissan in understanding the need of resources for the production and also helps in
determining the scope of improvement in their manufacturing and production process. These

techniques also helps Nissan in identifying time taken in the production and which product have
highest production time and which have lowest, as calculating the time will help Nissan in
implementing the changes in their production and manufacturing process.
This part of the report also explains about the importance of layout planning in the
organisation and how it helps organisation in implementing the changes and making the
organisation process effective and efficient. Layout planning is explained as deciding the
arrangement of the physical resources in the organisation to make the working effective and
efficient. Layout planning helps in increasing the productivity and enhance the quality of the
work. Poor layout planning leads to the higher cost, poor utilisation of resources, poor
communication etc. Layout planning plays vital role in setting the organisation physical
arrangement in such a way that the employees can deliver the quality performance and achieve
the goals and objectives effectively and efficiently. Effective layout planning makes the
manufacturing effective and smooth as it helps in making the processes of the organisation
efficient (Lee, 2018). Nissan focuses on making the layout effective as it makes the
manufacturing effective and also it helps in reducing the handling costs, reduce the delays in the
production and avoids the wastage of resources. Layout planning also helps in utilising the
resources effectively. Nissan manufacturing unit focuses on the layout planning as it helps in
reducing the handling costs because the handling of materials is important in the production and
manufacturing and Nissan focuses on avoiding the long movements of the material and focus on
handling the material effectively and the efficiency of handling depends on the layout.
Nissan focuses on utilising the area of the manufacturing plant effectively as every area
of the plant is important and to use the space of the plant, effective layout is needed by the
Nissan. Effective use of space includes the location of the machinery in the plant, developing the
work areas and availability of resources according to the need. These are some points which
explains about the importance of layout planning. Layout planning helps Nissan in managing the
production process in the plant as it eliminates the delays during the production and these delays
are caused by shortage of resources or space, use of outdated machinery or technology, long
movements of material in the factory etc. Effective layout planning helps Nissan in improving
the quality of the production as effective layout helps in inspecting the products to ensure the
quality of the product (Lohmer and Lasch, 2020). Quality control plays vital role as it ensures the
quality of the product and it also helps organisation in delivering the quality product to the

consumer. Nissan focuses on planning the location of the machinery as it makes the process
effective and location of machinery also helps in reducing the distance for material handling and
these activities are possible by implementing the effective layout plan. Every organisation
focuses on implementing the layout plan which helps in making the processes in the organisation
effective and efficient (Lu and et. al., 2018). Work process also plays vital role in the efficiency
and accuracy of the organisation as it helps in monitoring the process of the organisation and
helps in understanding the barriers which are affecting the process. Work process have
significant role in building the organisation and it helps in the growth of the business. Work
process helps managers in understanding the need of the resources during the process and makes
sure that there should be effective utilisation of resources. Nissan as manufacturing unit depends
on their work process as it helps in bringing the efficiency and effectiveness because in the
manufacturing plant production depends on the use of resources and efficient use of resources is
important in achieving the goals and objectives within the desired timeline. Work process helps
in managing the performance of the employee as it helps in monitoring the performance of
employees and helps employer in implementing the strategies to boost their performance. It also
helps in analysing the performance of the process and implementing the strategies to boost the
performance of the processes. Nissan focuses on implementing the effective work process as
there are different benefits of effective process which are mentioned below:
Team empowerment
Effective processes helps organisation in enhancing the performance of the organisation and also
helps in achieving the efficiency and accuracy. Nissan managers focuses on the system and
processes as it helps in reducing the costs and also helps the team spending the time and
resources on the unnecessary tasks and helps in focusing on the tasks which are beneficial for the
business of Nissan (Manikas, Patel and Oghazi, 2019).
Consumer satisfaction
Effective process helps Nissan in achieving it's goals and objectives as it helps Nissan in
satisfying the consumers and meeting the expectations of the consumers. Work process helps
Nissan in understanding it's strengths and weaknesses and gives insight to the managers in
making the changes to satisfy consumer.
Consistency

Work process helps Nissan in ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness in the end products and
also helps in maintaining the level of results. Effective process helps in proper utilisation of
resources as Nissan manufacturing depends on the effective utilisation of resources and effective
process helps in maintaining the performance and productivity of Nissan.
Effective communication
Work system process helps in maintaining the performance of the employee but it also helps in
conveying the message to the employees. Nissan managers makes sure that there is no
communication gap among the employees and the managers as it helps employees in
understanding and achieving the goals and objectives. Work system plays vital role in
maintaining the effective communication in the organisation (Meredith and Pilkington, 2018).
Growth of organisation
Effective work system and process help organisation in reducing the costs, boosting the
performance and revenues of organisation and also helps in achieving the growth. Nissan is one
of the top players in the UK environment and this is possible due to the effective work system
and process in the organisation and effective implementation of work system.
Effective work system helps organisation in maintaining its productivity and profitability in the
market and also helps in accelerating the growth of the organisation. Work system process helps
in maintaining the performance and helps in boosting the revenues of the organisation.
Effective management of inventory helps organisation in achieving competitor advantage
over competitors as inventory is considered as the asset for the organisation and utilisation of
resources is based on the management of inventory. Poor management of inventory leads to the
losses in business and failure in the work process of the organisation. Effective management of
inventory helps in managing the balance between the stock of inventory and the in the stock
which is coming in and going out during the process. Nissan effective manufacturing depends on
their management of inventory as it helps in manufacturing the product within the timeline.
Inventory management helps in maintaining the balance as managers of Nissan have to focus on
reducing the overstocking as it creates the deficit in the budget and also managers have to focus
on the under stocking as it increases the time for the production of product (Mišić and Perakis,
2020). Inventory management can be done by analysing the needs and demands of the

consumers and storing the goods according to the need and storing the inventory in case of any
backup during the production.
Nissan makes sure inventory management should be done effectively as it doesn't
increase the cost of operations and also doesn't affect the revenues of the organisation. Nissan
focuses on the inventory management as it helps in achieving the competitive advantage over
competitors and it makes production effective and efficient. Inventory management helps in
reducing the cost of operation as effective utilisation of resources helps in determining the need
of resources in the production. Nissan makes sure that their inventory should be used effectively
as it helps in reducing the handling and storage cost. Inventory management also depends on the
space in which inventory is stored and Nissan managers makes sure that their warehouses are
suitable for the storage and handling of inventory (Sabbaghtorkan, Batta and He, 2020).
Inventory management also helps in achieving the economic advantage as it helps in determining
the financial needs of the organisation and helps in formulating and implementing the suitable
strategies for the organisation. Nissan managers makes sure that resources are used effectively
during the production and it should meet the demand and expectations of the consumers as
quality product helps in gaining the market share and also helps in achieving the goals and
objectives effectively and efficiently.
Nissan is one of the top notch organisation and managers of Nissan focuses on achieving
the stability and efficiency in their manufacturing as it helps organisation in achieving its goals
and helps in boosting the revenues of the organisation. Nissan managers focuses on the
operations of the organisation as it makes the manufacturing stable and helps in identifying the
barriers during the production and managers focus on overcome the barriers by making changes
in the structure of operations.

CONCLUSION
This report concludes about the importance of operations in the organisation and how
operations helps organisation in maintaining the effectiveness and efficiency. This report
concludes about the operations system of Nissan manufacturing unit and helps in understanding
the structure of operations in the unit and how resources are utilised in order to achieve
efficiency in the production. This report concludes about what scheduling techniques are used by
Nissan in order to formulate the plan to make their operations effective. This report also
concludes about the importance of work system process and how work system helps Nissan in
their effective production and helps in maintaining the performance of the employees. Nissan
production depends on its inventory as effective inventory management leads to the effective
production and Nissan focuses on the effective utilisation of resources to provide quality product
to its consumers and meet consumer expectations (Spring and et. al., 2017).

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Anand, G. and Gray, J. V., 2017. Strategy and organization research in operations management.
Journal of Operations Management. 53. pp.1-8.
Erjavec, J. and Trkman, P., 2020. Behavioural operations management-identification of its
research program. International Journal of Services and Operations Management. 36(1).
pp.42-71.
Feng, Q. and Shanthikumar, J. G., 2018. How research in production and operations management
may evolve in the era of big data. Production and Operations Management. 27(9).
pp.1670-1684.
Gölzer, P. and Fritzsche, A., 2017. Data-driven operations management: organisational
implications of the digital transformation in industrial practice. Production Planning &
Control. 28(16). pp.1332-1343.
Holweg, and et. al., 2018. Process theory: The principles of operations management. Oxford
University Press.
Ivanov, D., Tsipoulanidis, A. and Schönberger, J., 2017. Global supply chain and operations
management. A decision-oriented introduction to the creation of value.2.
Lee, C. K. H., 2018. A review of applications of genetic algorithms in operations management.
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 76. pp.1-12.
Lohmer, J. and Lasch, R., 2020. Blockchain in operations management and manufacturing:
Potential and barriers. Computers & Industrial Engineering. 149. p.106789.
Lu, G., and et. al., 2018. Addressing endogeneity in operations management research: Recent
developments, common problems, and directions for future research. Journal of
Operations Management. 64. pp.53-64.
Manikas, A. S., Patel, P. C. and Oghazi, P., 2019. Dynamic capital asset accumulation and value
of intangible assets: An operations management perspective. Journal of Business
Research. 103. pp.119-129.
Meredith, J. R. and Pilkington, A., 2018. Assessing the exchange of knowledge between
operations management and other fields: Some challenges and opportunities. Journal of
Operations Management. 60. pp.47-53.
Mišić, V. V. and Perakis, G., 2020. Data analytics in operations management: A review.
Manufacturing & Service Operations Management. 22(1). pp.158-169.
Sabbaghtorkan, M., Batta, R. and He, Q., 2020. Prepositioning of assets and supplies in disaster
operations management: Review and research gap identification. European Journal of
Operational Research. 284(1). pp.1-19.
Spring, M., and et. al., 2017. Creating the competitive edge: A new relationship between
operations management and industrial policy. Journal of Operations Management. 49,
pp.6-19.
Wei, M. M. and Zhang, F., 2018. Recent research developments of strategic consumer behavior
in operations management. Computers & Operations Research. 93. pp.166-176.