Ethical Issues in Research (pdf)
Added on 2021-05-31
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Running Head: ETHICAL ISSUES IN RESEARC Ethical Issues in Research ProcessName:Institutional Affiliation:
ETHICS IN RESEARCH PROCESSES 2Part 1Louise Brown was the first baby bone through In Vitro Fertilization. The media termed her as the world’s first test-tube baby. In vitro fertilization occurs when eggs and sperms are removed from the reproductive organs and are combined in a laboratory dish (Kuwahara, Irahara, Iwasa, Ishikawa, Ishihara, Kugu, & Saito, 2017).The process takes place outside the body and the doctors do alter the environment the eggs and sperms are placed for fertilization to occur. After fertilization, the embryos are placed in the mother’s womb for development to occur. The process became a success in 1978 and scientists were happy and it brought a lot of mix emotions around the world. Some ethical issues were raise as the scientists who performed the procedure never informed the couple that they had tried the procedure before and it failed (Orvieto, Vanni, & Gleicher, 2017). The couple doctors did not disclose all the information to the couple. The informed consent is important as the subjects have the right to decline or participate in the research. They should have been a way of the potential risks involved in conducting the procedure. Even though the procedure was success, another ethical issue that was clear is confidentiality. The news of the success of the procedure was public and the couple received a lot of hate mails from different parts of the world. They lacked privacy which could have been avoided by not letting the world know who the success procedure was performed on. It could have remained an anonymous to ensure the security and privacy of the couple is maintained. Confidentiality of subjects in research is very important and should be observed (Kuwahara et al., 2017).Apart from confidentiality, lack of privacy and informed consent, there are other ethical considerations during research are as follows;
ETHICS IN RESEARCH PROCESSES 3Beneficence- Do not harmThe principle refers to the need to perform a significant and effective research to serve and promote the welfare of the constituents better. The researcher is required to have the best interests of the constituent when performing the research. Sometimes in qualitative research beneficence is difficult to predict when writing a hypothesis as the result may be negative from what was expected hence not beneficial as expected.Vulnerable group of peopleVulnerable people refer to characteristics of people who are unable to protect their welfare and rights. These include group includes physically disables, captive populations, aged people, chronically ill and others. Their inability to provide informed consent makes them a target for researchers as they are at greater risks of being deceived (Pulverer & Armbruster, 2017)CompetencyThe researcher should have specific skills and knowledge in their area of research. The lack of knowledge in a given area should be stated, and researchers should also be aware of their limits. Inexperienced workers to work under the supervision of experienced researchers who have been reviewed by the ethical committee. In conclusion, ethics plays an important role in guiding and regulating the limits of the researchers and protecting the rights of the subjects. The ethical standards should clearly state and understood by the researchers in all the fields. The awareness of the issues emerging during research practices should be created and an effective framework to deal with human rights problems.
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