Ethics Sustainability and Social Impact

Ethics Sustainability and Social
Impact

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
1. Discussing circular economy (CE) referring to theory from which it emerged......................3
2.Developing common wealth country Manchester....................................................................5
a. Developing circular economy in Manchester..........................................................................5
b. Factors and barriers in the circular economy ..........................................................................6
3.companies (local and international) and local government are doing to support development
of circular economy.....................................................................................................................7
4 Report Common wealth local government ..............................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Circular economy is a approach of economic development which is being designed to
benefit the society, land and environment (Kirchherr and et.al, 2017). This economy believes on
take-take-make and linear model. In this report various theories of Circular economy is being
defined apart from this development of circular economy in Manchester is defined in this report.
Initiation taken by local companies and government is being defined in this report.
1. Discussing circular economy (CE) referring to theory from which it emerged.
Circular economy is the method which is designed for the economic development and
that will give advantage to companies, environment and society. Circular economy is the
economy which is restorative by design. CE includes those activities which is helpful in building
healthy system. Its broad concept says that economy is important and it should be worked
effectively whether it is small or big business or individual or the domestic/global organization
(THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN DETAIL., 2017). It is dependent on three principles which
are designing out waste, materials should be reused and regenerating natural systems. In the first
principle which is design out waste and pollution says that with the help of CE negative impacts
of economic activity are revealed as it damage the human and natural systems.
Greenhouse gases and releasing hazardous substances from the factories in the environment is
harmful. It causes air, water, land pollution. When big companies are not monitored properly by
the government then it causes hazardous waste which negatively affect the environment. Second
principle which is keep products and materials in use states that CE supports those activities
which helps in protecting materials, labour, energy and other items. Designing should be done in
respect of reusing, recycling, durability and re-manufacturing goods and materials in order to
circulate them in the economy. Biological based materials are effectively used by circular
systems and CE finds out that resources have many uses because their cycle range between
economy and natural systems. When materials are recycled then it can be used again and again.
It also helps in decreasing wastage. Third principle is regenerated natural systems, refers that
individual and organizations should avoid using non-renewable resources.

CE promotes renewable resources and preserves it. It believes that soil should get valuable
nutrients which enhance regeneration. Renewable energy should be supported and used by
everyone as compare to fossil fuels. Renewable energy will not be harmful for the environment
so it should be promoted. Circular economy is adopted by many companies and governments. As
day by day people are getting aware of this concept and also worried about the environment. CE
also helps in economic growth, encourage innovation and create employment. It is been observed
that CE is not only beneficial for environment only but it facilitates individual and company's
growth as well. If CE is followed then its positive impact can be seen in the society. Country's
GDP will be increased through more revenue, adopting circular systems and lowering production
costs.
The concept of circular economy is not new and cannot be tracked accurately. Its application is
done in modern economic systems but CE has gained popularity in the year 1970. Cradle to
cradle theory which is build by Michael Braungart states that materials which is involved in the
commercial and industrial process should be nutrients (Kalmykova, Sadagopan and Rosado,
2018). It is based on two categories which are technical and biological. The cradle to cradle
model gives attention on designing such products which gives positive impact and are able to
reduce the negative impact through their efficiency. According to this framework there should be
safe process which increase biological metabolism and should develop technical metabolism.
Components which is used in the products should be designed in such a manner that it should be
utilized or reused.
CE focus on waste management, it says that waste should be eliminated because it is harmful for
the environment and human life. If waste is utilized properly then it can be harmful in saving
various costs of the company like input costs, operational costs etc. when costs are reduced than
company can enjoy more profit margins. Designing of products should be done in such manner
that which protects ecosystem and reused potentially via both of the metabolism. Company
should understand the power of renewable energy like solar energy and should use while doing
production. Importance of natural systems should be understood by the society (Korhonen and
et.al., 2018).
Water is also the natural resource so individual and company should use it effectively. Water
should not be wasted and polluted. Company and individual will get benefits only if they will
shift towards circular economy. Waste and pollution should be designed in order to reduce them.