Impact of FIFA Women's World Cup on Local Area and Host Community
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AI Summary
This report explores the impact of the FIFA Women's World Cup on the local area and host community, focusing on the macro environmental factors such as political, economic, socio-cultural, environmental, and technological factors. It discusses the positive and negative impacts of the event and its significance in promoting women in sports.
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EVENTS
MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
FIFA WOMEN'S WORLD CUP.................................................................................................4
Impact of international event on local area and host community................................................5
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
FIFA WOMEN'S WORLD CUP.................................................................................................4
Impact of international event on local area and host community................................................5
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION
Event management refers the practical application of the project
management which applies to create and develop of wide scale events such As
festivals, wedding, conference, sports, ceremonies and convention etc. Event
management is a resource for customers which involves in planning, organization,
promotion and carrying out various events to customers. Such kind events organize
on national and international level (Pereira and et.al., 2017). International events leads
each cultural peoples together. To understand event management there is great
example of international event. FIFA Women's World Cup is international football
championship content which is popular on wide scale. It is normally organized
between 7th June to 7th July and host country is France. Twelve cities are
participated in this tournament. This world cup is started from 1991. This report
will cover international event and it's impact on local area and host community
through PESTE.
MAIN BODY
FIFA WOMEN'S WORLD CUP
It is the internation football championship contest which is organized on intentional
platform from 1930. In this event twenty-four women's national team represent themself as
member association of FIFA. This tournament is first women's world cup and occurs in 7th June
to 7th July along with 52 matches. These matches take place in nine cities of France such as
Paris, Nice, Rennes, Reims, Montpellier, Grenoble and Valenciennes. This contest is categorized
in FIFA award show in 1930 which takes place per four year. France is a host country of this
award. The main goal of this event is to getting the athleticism, dynamism and quality of
international Women's footballs. The main ritual of this event is to convey the message at the
intentional level to encourage women's soccer, to authorize girls and ladies. Beside of these
modify the way community thinking on women's sports platform. This event also gives values to
women by poster of FIFA award. In this event currently six awards are represented such as
Event management refers the practical application of the project
management which applies to create and develop of wide scale events such As
festivals, wedding, conference, sports, ceremonies and convention etc. Event
management is a resource for customers which involves in planning, organization,
promotion and carrying out various events to customers. Such kind events organize
on national and international level (Pereira and et.al., 2017). International events leads
each cultural peoples together. To understand event management there is great
example of international event. FIFA Women's World Cup is international football
championship content which is popular on wide scale. It is normally organized
between 7th June to 7th July and host country is France. Twelve cities are
participated in this tournament. This world cup is started from 1991. This report
will cover international event and it's impact on local area and host community
through PESTE.
MAIN BODY
FIFA WOMEN'S WORLD CUP
It is the internation football championship contest which is organized on intentional
platform from 1930. In this event twenty-four women's national team represent themself as
member association of FIFA. This tournament is first women's world cup and occurs in 7th June
to 7th July along with 52 matches. These matches take place in nine cities of France such as
Paris, Nice, Rennes, Reims, Montpellier, Grenoble and Valenciennes. This contest is categorized
in FIFA award show in 1930 which takes place per four year. France is a host country of this
award. The main goal of this event is to getting the athleticism, dynamism and quality of
international Women's footballs. The main ritual of this event is to convey the message at the
intentional level to encourage women's soccer, to authorize girls and ladies. Beside of these
modify the way community thinking on women's sports platform. This event also gives values to
women by poster of FIFA award. In this event currently six awards are represented such as
Golden ball, Golden Boot, Golden Glove, FIFA Young Player Award, FIFA Fair Play Award
and All Star Squad Award. Bedside of these awards one award is voted by fans after tournament.
Eight FIFA women's world cup awards is won by four national teams, in which United State has
won this content four times in France and becomes current champion after winning 2019 FIFA
Women's World Cup tournament France while Germany won two times and Norway and Japan
is won single time in France (Allan, 2018). It is a cultural program which is specially designed
for women empowerment so that all peoples promotes women and girls. All awards of FIFA is
tradition where Adidas Golden Boot is one of them which is awarded in 1982. 2019 FIFA
Women's World Cup opening ceremony. The opening ceremony of the women's World cup is
completed by offering a French song through Jain where he is the official performer of this
event. FIFA and the local organizing committee (LOC) are arrogant to declare Jain for the event.
The logo of FIFA Women's World Award is -
Impact of international event on local area and host community
This event is international event which is impacted by macro environmental factors.
These factor gives impact on host community area and local areas and gives impact on
international event management. To understand macro environmental impact on intentional
event takes an example FIFA Women's World Cup Award. Macro environmental factors are -
Political Factors
Illustration 1:
FIFA Women's World Award
source: (FIFA Women's World Cup 2019: All you need
to know about upcoming mega event in France)
and All Star Squad Award. Bedside of these awards one award is voted by fans after tournament.
Eight FIFA women's world cup awards is won by four national teams, in which United State has
won this content four times in France and becomes current champion after winning 2019 FIFA
Women's World Cup tournament France while Germany won two times and Norway and Japan
is won single time in France (Allan, 2018). It is a cultural program which is specially designed
for women empowerment so that all peoples promotes women and girls. All awards of FIFA is
tradition where Adidas Golden Boot is one of them which is awarded in 1982. 2019 FIFA
Women's World Cup opening ceremony. The opening ceremony of the women's World cup is
completed by offering a French song through Jain where he is the official performer of this
event. FIFA and the local organizing committee (LOC) are arrogant to declare Jain for the event.
The logo of FIFA Women's World Award is -
Impact of international event on local area and host community
This event is international event which is impacted by macro environmental factors.
These factor gives impact on host community area and local areas and gives impact on
international event management. To understand macro environmental impact on intentional
event takes an example FIFA Women's World Cup Award. Macro environmental factors are -
Political Factors
Illustration 1:
FIFA Women's World Award
source: (FIFA Women's World Cup 2019: All you need
to know about upcoming mega event in France)
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It includes government policy, foreign trade policy, tax policy, political stability and
instability in country, environmental law, trade restriction etc. are political factors. Political
factor gives impact on international event such as FIFA women's World Cup award is a mega
event where host country is France (Wenner and Billings, eds., 2017). It gets positive impact on
country because France government encourage women's to take part in sports so that women's
gets their identity not only in France but also across the world. France gets golden opportunity
from France government because government supports this event by offering funds and allow
them to organize on wide scale (Jerabek and et.al., 2017). Through this event France enables to
get profit and prestige from local areas public ad other country public. This event develops wide
scale skills in women regarding sports and boost their confidence to participate. Due to
government support, France enables to enhance popularity and investment power of investor
through local cities like Paris, Nice and Rennes etc. These cities are local area of France.
Through this events France enables to conclude number of cities which supports intentional
event by providing supports financially, socially etc. international FIFA Women's World Cup
France doesn't have to pay extra tax sue to stable government even France gets more funds and
support from local cities. Political factor gives negative impact on international event. For
example this event is specially organized to give values to women that's why France makes over
budget and gets over funds to government, but number of country which are involved in this
event they usage this funds for personnel work rather to invest on event that why event funds
become misallocated. France doesn't get right publicity who actually supports for this event that
why France unable to promote this event on wide scale. This event involves eight cities of
France such as Paris, Nice, Rennes, Reims, Montpellier, Grenoble and Valenciennes and gives
all countries to participation. Due to this France losses community ownership and control.
Through this events France wants to boost women empowerment but lack of budget and control
unable to boost wide scale women's for sports.
Economic factors
Such as economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation and available income
of customers etc. this factor gives impact on international event, host community and local areas.
FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 is organize in international level in France where
country enable to get high revenue rather to Canada. due to large number of population
involvement in this event (Ravel and Gareau, 2016). Through this event number of business gets
instability in country, environmental law, trade restriction etc. are political factors. Political
factor gives impact on international event such as FIFA women's World Cup award is a mega
event where host country is France (Wenner and Billings, eds., 2017). It gets positive impact on
country because France government encourage women's to take part in sports so that women's
gets their identity not only in France but also across the world. France gets golden opportunity
from France government because government supports this event by offering funds and allow
them to organize on wide scale (Jerabek and et.al., 2017). Through this event France enables to
get profit and prestige from local areas public ad other country public. This event develops wide
scale skills in women regarding sports and boost their confidence to participate. Due to
government support, France enables to enhance popularity and investment power of investor
through local cities like Paris, Nice and Rennes etc. These cities are local area of France.
Through this events France enables to conclude number of cities which supports intentional
event by providing supports financially, socially etc. international FIFA Women's World Cup
France doesn't have to pay extra tax sue to stable government even France gets more funds and
support from local cities. Political factor gives negative impact on international event. For
example this event is specially organized to give values to women that's why France makes over
budget and gets over funds to government, but number of country which are involved in this
event they usage this funds for personnel work rather to invest on event that why event funds
become misallocated. France doesn't get right publicity who actually supports for this event that
why France unable to promote this event on wide scale. This event involves eight cities of
France such as Paris, Nice, Rennes, Reims, Montpellier, Grenoble and Valenciennes and gives
all countries to participation. Due to this France losses community ownership and control.
Through this events France wants to boost women empowerment but lack of budget and control
unable to boost wide scale women's for sports.
Economic factors
Such as economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation and available income
of customers etc. this factor gives impact on international event, host community and local areas.
FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 is organize in international level in France where
country enable to get high revenue rather to Canada. due to large number of population
involvement in this event (Ravel and Gareau, 2016). Through this event number of business gets
golden opportunity to promote their business in worldwide because Fifa awards needs potential
investment who gives their contribution to inst their funds while business owner gets chance to
be part of this event and promote their business position in global market. Local areas like Paris
and Nice gets golden chance to trade their business with other business by this event. France's
government recruits job for such kind people who are unemployed. in that state France gets
supports from government because France recruits candidates for this event who can give their
good performance. Thus, government enables to reduce unemployment rate in country and
France gets employee productivity for event organization. Local areas also get advantage from
this event because their site peoples gets platform to perform themselves at international level.
This event leads the highest popularity in France that why number of tourist visit enhance out.
Due to Fifa award, France becomes number one tourist visiting place which enhance tax revenue
of country. For example different countries crowd comes for this event and hires room in hotel as
result economic scale is alleviated of host country. This event opens a new source of money
because France enables to get funds from different countries (Burch, Billings and Zimmerman,
2018). Thus, such kind quality impact of economy for Fifa event is basically dependent on
transparency of host nation. Economical factor gives negative impact on Fifa event, host
community and local areas. For example this event is organized on international level where
different countries peoples comes together to see this event, In that state France and local public
suffers because they pollute environment by misusing resources excessively that why community
requires to resistance of tourism in event as result it gives impact on economy scale because
tourism usage resources and spend their money and pays tax. Beside of this local people gets
negative impact on business because other country people trade with French that why local
public doesn't get proper sources to invest their money and promote their business through event
which leads unemployment in country. Large number of business involvement in event leads loss
in host community regarding business and resources. Fifa's women's world cup event is wide
scale event which requires more funds due to this government unable to provide proper resources
to local public that's why economic crisis is occurred as result financial mismanagement in
country.
Socio & Cultural factor
Changes in demography, population growth, age distribution, health consciousness,
career attitudes etc. are socio-cultural factor. It gives positive impact on international event
investment who gives their contribution to inst their funds while business owner gets chance to
be part of this event and promote their business position in global market. Local areas like Paris
and Nice gets golden chance to trade their business with other business by this event. France's
government recruits job for such kind people who are unemployed. in that state France gets
supports from government because France recruits candidates for this event who can give their
good performance. Thus, government enables to reduce unemployment rate in country and
France gets employee productivity for event organization. Local areas also get advantage from
this event because their site peoples gets platform to perform themselves at international level.
This event leads the highest popularity in France that why number of tourist visit enhance out.
Due to Fifa award, France becomes number one tourist visiting place which enhance tax revenue
of country. For example different countries crowd comes for this event and hires room in hotel as
result economic scale is alleviated of host country. This event opens a new source of money
because France enables to get funds from different countries (Burch, Billings and Zimmerman,
2018). Thus, such kind quality impact of economy for Fifa event is basically dependent on
transparency of host nation. Economical factor gives negative impact on Fifa event, host
community and local areas. For example this event is organized on international level where
different countries peoples comes together to see this event, In that state France and local public
suffers because they pollute environment by misusing resources excessively that why community
requires to resistance of tourism in event as result it gives impact on economy scale because
tourism usage resources and spend their money and pays tax. Beside of this local people gets
negative impact on business because other country people trade with French that why local
public doesn't get proper sources to invest their money and promote their business through event
which leads unemployment in country. Large number of business involvement in event leads loss
in host community regarding business and resources. Fifa's women's world cup event is wide
scale event which requires more funds due to this government unable to provide proper resources
to local public that's why economic crisis is occurred as result financial mismanagement in
country.
Socio & Cultural factor
Changes in demography, population growth, age distribution, health consciousness,
career attitudes etc. are socio-cultural factor. It gives positive impact on international event
because this event is specially designed to promote women in sports platform and change way
community looks on women's sports (Dunn, 2016). This main audience of this event is women
and girls where another countries women's and girls takes part and comes to visit this event. Due
to international event gets more publicity by female community. It is a mega event so its
promoted by number of community and local areas. Through this event French enables to gather
large number of public In event. Through this award show French enables to inspire new
generation for sports so that number of skills are developed and gets high achievement. This
event changes whole public perception regrading women capacity and expands cultural
perspective. The event is international competition worlds champion awards where number of
women from different countries involves and gives their participation as player. Through this
event number of people come in contact and understand their culture. Fifa event is a resource of
peoples interaction. In this award show large number of countries like united state, Germany,
japan, China, Newland, Sweden and England etc. are involved and shows their cultural value by
involving in different activities and share their experience of event. Such kind involvement of
different countries in events enhances well-being and values of their culture at spot. This awards
show is cultural and women's winning award show which supports to build pride of women and
validation of female community (Bourne and Pitkin, 2019). These factor gives negative impact
on the event. For example the main purpose of this award show to enhance cultural respect for
each country but different country people did bad behave and abuse them regarding their culture.
While local areas people also abuses them and keeps rude behave with them. Due to this France
unable to draw positive image of community. Beside of this event organized for women's but it
leads community alienation therefore French unable to build prestige of women on wide scale.
France takes suggestion from community for event organization but all gives different suggestion
and try to keep their culture first, in that state France unable to give preference to all countries.
Environmental factors
such as climate change, pollution, exploitation of resources, destruction of heritages etc.
are environmental factor which gives positive and negative impact on event. For example Fifa is
a mega event which concludes larger number of public on wide scale as result it enhances
transport facilities and communication. Because large number of tourist visits for the event in
France and usage vehicles to go and come. It gives opportunity to local public for earning money
and gets chance to communicate different type of public. Through tourist visiting hotels enables
community looks on women's sports (Dunn, 2016). This main audience of this event is women
and girls where another countries women's and girls takes part and comes to visit this event. Due
to international event gets more publicity by female community. It is a mega event so its
promoted by number of community and local areas. Through this event French enables to gather
large number of public In event. Through this award show French enables to inspire new
generation for sports so that number of skills are developed and gets high achievement. This
event changes whole public perception regrading women capacity and expands cultural
perspective. The event is international competition worlds champion awards where number of
women from different countries involves and gives their participation as player. Through this
event number of people come in contact and understand their culture. Fifa event is a resource of
peoples interaction. In this award show large number of countries like united state, Germany,
japan, China, Newland, Sweden and England etc. are involved and shows their cultural value by
involving in different activities and share their experience of event. Such kind involvement of
different countries in events enhances well-being and values of their culture at spot. This awards
show is cultural and women's winning award show which supports to build pride of women and
validation of female community (Bourne and Pitkin, 2019). These factor gives negative impact
on the event. For example the main purpose of this award show to enhance cultural respect for
each country but different country people did bad behave and abuse them regarding their culture.
While local areas people also abuses them and keeps rude behave with them. Due to this France
unable to draw positive image of community. Beside of this event organized for women's but it
leads community alienation therefore French unable to build prestige of women on wide scale.
France takes suggestion from community for event organization but all gives different suggestion
and try to keep their culture first, in that state France unable to give preference to all countries.
Environmental factors
such as climate change, pollution, exploitation of resources, destruction of heritages etc.
are environmental factor which gives positive and negative impact on event. For example Fifa is
a mega event which concludes larger number of public on wide scale as result it enhances
transport facilities and communication. Because large number of tourist visits for the event in
France and usage vehicles to go and come. It gives opportunity to local public for earning money
and gets chance to communicate different type of public. Through tourist visiting hotels enables
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to alleviate economical scale by offering room for staying. In this event, France usages eco-
friendly spotlight so that public doesn't get negative impact on their eyes and environment (Sadd
and Musikavanhu, 2018). Through this France enables to gain funds more and large number of
public involvement. It gives negative impact on event and local public because this event leads
large number of crowd in event which causes traffic creates and local people unable to reach
their destination on time. This traffic enhances environmental issues such as global warming due
to releasing of high amount of carbon di oxide as result climate change creates. In that state event
can disturb and France unable to involves different country in show. Another reason different
countries peoples comes, and they usages extra resources such as AC, TV and vehicles it also
leads elevation in climate. The FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 is an international event
which requires large space along with excess funds. In that state France has to destruct heritage
so that large space can cover and Large number of people can occupy. Visitors also crate
pollution by throwing rubbish in river or public places. Thus, visitors impacts on environment
and local area peoples (DEDUSENKO, 2019). While in event usage wide scale sources for spot
lighting and high volume speakers as result sound pollution creates. In this event wide scale
digital technology also usage which emits harmful gases such as carbon di oxide, arsenic and led
gases which gives impact on global warming as result climate change issue occurs.
Technological factors
Technology factor plays vital role in this event and it gives positive and negative impact.
For example this event is sponsored on international level that why France gets positive impact
where France usage 3D technology to for display of award show which attracts larger number of
peoples. Number of countries gives funds for this event, in that state France enables to take funds
from online payment. Through new technology France usage social media to promote this show
such as you tube, Facebook and twitter. Through these media France enables to communicate
large number of customers. Beside of this France gives online ticket services for this event which
become facilitative for peoples. Thus, France enables to occupy large number of public in event
(Parent and Chappelet, 2017). France's usage different spotlight along with gadget so that
number of people enable to see and entertain on wide scale. In this event France exercise security
sensor's so that negative activity doesn't take place and takes fun of this show. France gives value
to women's by arranging cultural show where women's can show their cultural relevant activity
in event (Piekarz, Jenkins and Mills, 2015). In this event provides free Wi-Fi, wireless charging
friendly spotlight so that public doesn't get negative impact on their eyes and environment (Sadd
and Musikavanhu, 2018). Through this France enables to gain funds more and large number of
public involvement. It gives negative impact on event and local public because this event leads
large number of crowd in event which causes traffic creates and local people unable to reach
their destination on time. This traffic enhances environmental issues such as global warming due
to releasing of high amount of carbon di oxide as result climate change creates. In that state event
can disturb and France unable to involves different country in show. Another reason different
countries peoples comes, and they usages extra resources such as AC, TV and vehicles it also
leads elevation in climate. The FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 is an international event
which requires large space along with excess funds. In that state France has to destruct heritage
so that large space can cover and Large number of people can occupy. Visitors also crate
pollution by throwing rubbish in river or public places. Thus, visitors impacts on environment
and local area peoples (DEDUSENKO, 2019). While in event usage wide scale sources for spot
lighting and high volume speakers as result sound pollution creates. In this event wide scale
digital technology also usage which emits harmful gases such as carbon di oxide, arsenic and led
gases which gives impact on global warming as result climate change issue occurs.
Technological factors
Technology factor plays vital role in this event and it gives positive and negative impact.
For example this event is sponsored on international level that why France gets positive impact
where France usage 3D technology to for display of award show which attracts larger number of
peoples. Number of countries gives funds for this event, in that state France enables to take funds
from online payment. Through new technology France usage social media to promote this show
such as you tube, Facebook and twitter. Through these media France enables to communicate
large number of customers. Beside of this France gives online ticket services for this event which
become facilitative for peoples. Thus, France enables to occupy large number of public in event
(Parent and Chappelet, 2017). France's usage different spotlight along with gadget so that
number of people enable to see and entertain on wide scale. In this event France exercise security
sensor's so that negative activity doesn't take place and takes fun of this show. France gives value
to women's by arranging cultural show where women's can show their cultural relevant activity
in event (Piekarz, Jenkins and Mills, 2015). In this event provides free Wi-Fi, wireless charging
and automation for public through new technology. Thus, new technology gives new platform to
promote Fifa women's award. It gives negative impact on community as well. For example high
usage of technology leads pollution and peoples also get cheat by different community peoples
during booking tickets for show. These all are technology is new for France, sue to absence of
experience France gets loss in economy. Different countries peoples usage online payment
facilities to pay out bills while local areas people unaware about this media due to these gets' loss
in economy. Thus, technology factor gives impact on international event.
CONCLUSION
This report has been concluded about FIFA Women's World's Cup France 2019 where
has been explained about its origin, logo, purpose, culture and tradition etc. it has been covered
about event management where explained that it is important for festivals, ceremonies and award
shows. In this report also has been covered political, economical, socio-cultural, environmental
and technological factors and also explained about its impact on event, host community and local
areas which gives negative and positive impact on them. This event can be sustainable of France
usage eco-friendly technology and maintain budget rather to misuse for personnel application.
promote Fifa women's award. It gives negative impact on community as well. For example high
usage of technology leads pollution and peoples also get cheat by different community peoples
during booking tickets for show. These all are technology is new for France, sue to absence of
experience France gets loss in economy. Different countries peoples usage online payment
facilities to pay out bills while local areas people unaware about this media due to these gets' loss
in economy. Thus, technology factor gives impact on international event.
CONCLUSION
This report has been concluded about FIFA Women's World's Cup France 2019 where
has been explained about its origin, logo, purpose, culture and tradition etc. it has been covered
about event management where explained that it is important for festivals, ceremonies and award
shows. In this report also has been covered political, economical, socio-cultural, environmental
and technological factors and also explained about its impact on event, host community and local
areas which gives negative and positive impact on them. This event can be sustainable of France
usage eco-friendly technology and maintain budget rather to misuse for personnel application.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Pereira, R.P.T and et.al., 2017. Applying the facility location problem model for selection of
more climate benign mega sporting event hosts: A case of the FIFA World
Cups. Journal of cleaner production. 159. pp.147-157.
Allan, M., 2018. Assessing the Perceptions of Local Residents on the Positive and Negative
Impacts of FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup in Jordan 2016. Journal of Environmental
Management and Tourism (JEMT), 9(2 (26)), pp.255-266.
Wenner, L.A. and Billings, A.C. eds., 2017. Sport, media and mega-events. Taylor & Francis.
Ravel, B. and Gareau, M., 2016. ‘French football needs more women like Adriana’? Examining
the media coverage of France’s women’s national football team for the 2011 World
Cup and the 2012 Olympic Games. International Review for the Sociology of
Sport. 51(7). pp.833-847.
Burch, L.M., Billings, A.C. and Zimmerman, M.H., 2018. Comparing American soccer
dialogues: social media commentary Surrounding the 2014 US men’s and 2015 US
women’s World Cup teams. Sport in Society. 21(7). pp.1047-1062.
Dunn, C., 2016. Football and the women's World Cup: organisation, media and fandom.
Springer.
Sadd, D. and Musikavanhu, R., 2018. A Comparison of Event Impacts: Zimbabwe and the
UK. Event Management. 22(2). pp.199-212.
Parent, M.M. and Chappelet, J.L., 2017. The (wide) world of sports events. In Routledge
Handbook of Sports Event Management (pp. 19-36). Routledge.
Bourne, T. and Pitkin, C., 2019. England Women’s 2015 FIFA World Cup Campaign: Online
Media Perspectives. In LGBT Athletes in the Sports Media (pp. 169-188). Palgrave
Macmillan, Cham.
Jerabek, M.M and et.al., 2017. FIFA’s hegemony: examples from World Cup hosting
countries. Global Society. 31(3). pp.417-440.
DEDUSENKO, E.A., 2019. Sporting Mega-Events as Catalysts for Sustainability and Tourism
Development in Russia. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism
(JEMT).10(34). pp.346-353.\
Books and Journals
Pereira, R.P.T and et.al., 2017. Applying the facility location problem model for selection of
more climate benign mega sporting event hosts: A case of the FIFA World
Cups. Journal of cleaner production. 159. pp.147-157.
Allan, M., 2018. Assessing the Perceptions of Local Residents on the Positive and Negative
Impacts of FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup in Jordan 2016. Journal of Environmental
Management and Tourism (JEMT), 9(2 (26)), pp.255-266.
Wenner, L.A. and Billings, A.C. eds., 2017. Sport, media and mega-events. Taylor & Francis.
Ravel, B. and Gareau, M., 2016. ‘French football needs more women like Adriana’? Examining
the media coverage of France’s women’s national football team for the 2011 World
Cup and the 2012 Olympic Games. International Review for the Sociology of
Sport. 51(7). pp.833-847.
Burch, L.M., Billings, A.C. and Zimmerman, M.H., 2018. Comparing American soccer
dialogues: social media commentary Surrounding the 2014 US men’s and 2015 US
women’s World Cup teams. Sport in Society. 21(7). pp.1047-1062.
Dunn, C., 2016. Football and the women's World Cup: organisation, media and fandom.
Springer.
Sadd, D. and Musikavanhu, R., 2018. A Comparison of Event Impacts: Zimbabwe and the
UK. Event Management. 22(2). pp.199-212.
Parent, M.M. and Chappelet, J.L., 2017. The (wide) world of sports events. In Routledge
Handbook of Sports Event Management (pp. 19-36). Routledge.
Bourne, T. and Pitkin, C., 2019. England Women’s 2015 FIFA World Cup Campaign: Online
Media Perspectives. In LGBT Athletes in the Sports Media (pp. 169-188). Palgrave
Macmillan, Cham.
Jerabek, M.M and et.al., 2017. FIFA’s hegemony: examples from World Cup hosting
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