Exchange of Materials and Relation With Cell Membrane Structure

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Added on 2020-02-05

Exchange of Materials and Relation With Cell Membrane Structure

Added on 2020-02-05

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Exchange of Materials and Relation With Cell Membrane Structure_1

TABLE OF CONTENTSTASK...............................................................................................................................................34.1 Movement of substances across the cell membrane..............................................................34.2 Exchange of materials and relation with cell membrane structure........................................4REFERENCES................................................................................................................................62

Exchange of Materials and Relation With Cell Membrane Structure_2

TASK4.1 Movement of substances across the cell membraneCell membranes are like closed wall that surround the cells for separating the interior andexterior atmospheres. It is also called as plasma membrane. Following processes take placeacross the plasma membrane when movement of different substances are considered:Diffusion: Often the cell membrane experiences a change or difference in theconcentration when comparing inner and outer potentials. This potential is considered aschemical potential and the movement of substance across the cell is completely dependent onthis increase or decrease of concentration. The particles that are accumulated in the outer area ofcell randomly move around and slowly mix up with cell constituents (Stein, 2012). There can bemass or bulk transportation when chemical potential outside the cell is more. The diffusionmechanism is totally dependent on the pressure gradient which changes according to theconcentration. Osmosis: The conditions in which there is no balance or equilibrium in the concentrationof solvents the process of osmosis takes place. The molecules of the external elements travelfrom the area of higher concentration to the lower ones with a purpose of reaching theequilibrium position (Stein, 2012). The membrane across which osmosis takes place is called thesemi-permeable membrane. It means that only some of the solvents or fluids are allowed acrossthis membrane. There are three types of osmosis which take place and these are hypo-tonic,isotonic and hyper-tonic. Here, hypo-tonic is the movement of fluids from inside to outside thecell while hyper-tonic is the movement of fluids from outside to inside of the cell. On the otherhand, isotonic is the process of continuous movement of fluid inside and outside i.e. a balancedcondition (Sherwood, 2015). Active Transport: There are situations in which molecules or cells move from lowerconcentration to the region where higher concentration is present. The direction of motion of thesubject from lower to higher concentration is usually against certain type of concentrationgradient. The energy for this movement is gathered from respiration and there are certainchemical changes taking place inside the cells (Stein and Litman, 2014). Protein carriers act asthe transporters or the agents that help in aiding this process. There is another kind of transporti.e. passive transport which involves kinetic energy and natural entropy of the molecules that are3

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