Exercise Physiology Assignment PDF

Exercise Physiology
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Table of contents:
Introduction ................................................................... 4
Results.......................................................................... 5
Discussion..................................................................... 8
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List of figures:
Figure 1 - Effect of exercise on respiratory rate..................6
Figure 2 - Effect of exercise on pulse pressure...................7
Figure 3 - Effect of exercise on FeCO2..............................8
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Introduction:
Cardiovascular, respiratory, energy and muscular systems work in integrated
manner during the short-term exercise. During exercise, muscles start to work. It
requires more amount of oxygen. Hence, respiratory system retort promptly, and get
more oxygen into the lungs. It results in augmented breathing rate and tidal volume.
It also results in the more oxygenated blood carrying by the heart. Heart starts to
pump at the faster rate. It results in increase in the heart rate. It also results in the
augmentation in stroke volume, cardiac output and blood pressure. During exercise,
there is increase in the activation of musculoskeletal system. Both cardiovascular
system and respiratory system support sustained movement during duration of
exercise. Both these systems undergo physiological adaptations, which are helpful in
improving efficiency and capacity of body. Both cardiovascular and respiratory
system, responds to low rate of work. However, it is difficult for both these systems
to respond to higher rate of work. Increase in the oxygen demand results in the
increase in cardiac output; however, this increase in cardiac output becomes
stagnant when it reaches its maximal capacity (Plowman & Smith, 2013; Ehrman et
al., 2013).
Increase in the rate of work results in the increase in the skeletal muscle oxygen
demand and oxygen uptake (VO2). Increase in the oxygen demand during exercise
results in all the cardiovascular parameters because all these cardiovascular
parameters are interrelated. Cardiac output is the total volume of blood pumped by
the left ventricle per minute. Cardiac output is the product of heart rate and stroke
volume. Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped per beat. Arterial-mixed
venous oxygen is the difference between amount of oxygen in arterial and mixed
venous blood. Individual’s maximum oxygen uptake is function of cardiac output and
arterial-mixed venous oxygen difference. During exercise, cardiac output and heart
rate increase to the full extent; however, there is approximately 50 % increase in
maximal oxygen uptake. During exercise, there is increase in only systolic blood
pressure; however, there is no increase in the diastolic blood pressure. Peak value
of blood pressure reaches upto 200 to 240 mmHg (Plowman & Smith, 2013; Ehrman
et al., 2013).
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