Experiment Lab Report - Tower Spray

Running head: EXPERIMENT LAB REPORT - TOWER SPREY 1
Experiment Lab Report - Tower Spray
Firstname Lastname
Name of Institution

EXPERIMENT LAB REPORT - TOWER SPREY 2
Table of Content
Table of Content..................................................................................................................................2
List of Figures......................................................................................................................................3
List of Tables........................................................................................................................................3
Abstract................................................................................................................................................4
1. Introduction.................................................................................................................................5
1.1. Experiment Objective..........................................................................................................5
2. Theory..........................................................................................................................................5
3. Materials and Methods................................................................................................................6
3.1. Materials...............................................................................................................................6
3.2. Safety....................................................................................................................................6
3.3. Experiment Procedure........................................................................................................6
4. Results..........................................................................................................................................8
4.1. Air heater...........................................................................................................................11
4.2. Spray Tower.......................................................................................................................12
5. Discussion...................................................................................................................................15
Comments on the rate power of the heater..................................................................................15
Comment on Spray tower.............................................................................................................15
Errors.............................................................................................................................................16
6. Conclusions................................................................................................................................16
Recommendations..............................................................................................................................16
References..........................................................................................................................................17
Appendix............................................................................................................................................18

EXPERIMENT LAB REPORT - TOWER SPREY 3
List of Figures
Figure 1: The set-up diagram for the apparatus and instrument.............................................................8
Figure 2: Sample calculation for enthalpy and air flow rate................................................................18
Figure 3: Sample calculation for the mass of water gained by air........................................................19
Figure 4: Sample calculation for the mass DA per hour......................................................................20
Figure 5: Sample calculation for the rate of heating air.......................................................................21
Figure 6: Sample calculation for the enthalpy change for air heater....................................................22
List of Tables
Table 1: Table showing results recorded from experiment....................................................................9

EXPERIMENT LAB REPORT - TOWER SPREY 4
Abstract
The spray tower is widely used for air pollution control and spray drying, etc. The study
investigates the spray tower’s mass balance and energy balance. In this experiment, the air
was first heated through air heater and then passed over the modifying process. After the air
absorbing the water moisture and being cool down the existing water and air was recycled.
Five temperature values were recorded and used to compute the actual energy used.
Theoretical mass and energy balance of input and output could have been determined but the
results obtained from the experiment showed that the actual energy used and the amount of
water consumed could not match the theoretical values. There were some errors caused by
faulty instruments and human errors due to improper operation

EXPERIMENT LAB REPORT - TOWER SPREY 5
1. Introduction
Energy balance and steady state mass around a process is an important part of process design
and process analysis. For instance, an operating system at steady state condition conform to
design mass and energy balances which it does not when not in the steady state condition. In
industrially spray tower use as a gas cleaning equipment. Spray tower can be very effective
for air pollution control spray drying and humidification. This experiment spray tower act as
running state adiabatic. During the process air heater humid the water and water level in the
spray tower decreases. Throughout the experiment process mass flows, energy flows and
temperature from six thermometers values were read and tabulated. Using this data, we can
calculate the mass and energy balance in entire system. By comparing calculated and
theoretical values we can estimate the efficiency of the spray tower.
1.1. Experiment Objective
To develop a mass and energy balance of all inputs and outputs from the system and
reconcile any discrepancies between the measured and calculated (expected0 input and output
2. Theory
At steady state condition, the system will be in balance as far as inflows and outflows of
materials are concerned together with the energy dissipation.
The commencement of improving the performance of the plant is by determining where raw
materials are heading towards plus the effect to the energy being supplied.
The lab simulates the operation of a typical operating chemical systmen in which both mass
and energy flows can be determined and measured directly. Furthermore, incase the balance
in the experiment fails to balance, there are provision of calculations to substantiate why
there is no balance. It operates as if you detect the reason why there is waste resources by
using the available reasons.

EXPERIMENT LAB REPORT - TOWER SPREY 6
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
Before starting the experiment, various components as shown in the line diagram were
identified with the corresponding specific apparatus
3.2. Safety
The following safety measures were taken
Safety measure was taken with electrical connections and cables and hot apparatus
Lab coat and safety spectacles were worn
Air heater was switched on through out
When experiment was coming to an end, power supply was turned off first to allow air flow
temperature to be below 50 degrees Celsius.
3.3. Experiment Procedure
Step 1
Check that water reservoirs for the wet bulb thermometer T2 and T5 are full
Step 2
Water in the tower was top up by valve V3 to make the water level in the base of the tower to
be below the inner air tube (with mushroom shaped cap)
Step 3
Valve V2 was maintained closed and the pressure regulator valve V1 was adjusted until the
pressure gauge was approximately 10 psig
Valve V2 was thereafter opened while the flow rate adjusted so that the top of air rotameter
set to a scale reading of 19
care was taken when blowing out the monometer fluid in the simple pressure gauge
Step 4