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Psychology and Nursing Learning Principles

   

Added on  2020-03-01

10 Pages2618 Words71 Views
Teacher DevelopmentHealthcare and Research
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Facilitation and Education skills for Practice Development 1EDUCATIONAL THEORY IN CLINICAL ENVIRONMENTName:Course: Tutor:Institution:City:Date:
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Facilitation and Education skills for Practice Development 2Educational Theory in Clinical EnvironmentIntroductionEducations which can also be called learning is described as a process where one acquires knowledge andstart having different thoughts and feeling about the new skill and develop an attitude towards it. It helps individuals to respond well to demands in clinical environment, that is, if for the sick and their families, they will be able to understand ways of improving their health and follow the prescriptions from a medical practitioner. For the learning students in the field of medicine, they are able to get information and all skills required in the medical field.Educational theory offers a different point of view on how learning takes place and what attracts people towards it (Emerson 2007). Learning theory is very crucial in education as it helps in creating a good environment for learning, improving education system and harmonizing it. It is also useful in psychology guidance. Medical professionals are therefore advised to use these theories often especially when dealing with the sick and other clients, during trainings and during other health programs. There are different types of learning theories which include behaviorism, cognitive, humanism, but in this paper, we will be discussing one of the theories, how learning theories is applied to clinical sector, principles to learning and ways that facilitate learning in clinical environmentBehaviorismThis is a type of learning is believed to be a change in behavior which is visible and this happens when there is a communication and response (Siemens 2014). There are two types of behaviorism; methodological which describes psychology as a science which helps predict and control one’s behavior, (Slavin & Davis 2006) while radical behaviorism which says that behaviors are inborn and is determined by genes of a particular organism
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Facilitation and Education skills for Practice Development 3This theory assumes that all change of behavior is achieved from the environment and that behavior is thefinal product of event response. Learning can be simple because by not considering what is happening in an individual’s mind, observation and responses can tell you there is behavior change and therefore the final behavior is achieved by continuous learning (Ormrod,2011). This has a great impact on learner’s responses which can be positive or negative. The transition of behavior is achieved through practice and much of these are based on respondent conditioning and operant conditioning.Respondent conditioning deals with conditions of stimuli in that when a neutral stimulus is joined with a naturally occurring and unconditioned response, a new conditioned response occur and this happens without the knowledge of an individual. This creates a good clinical environment and improves the performance of the medical practitioners. This conditioning can also be used in eliminating a previously learned behavior, for example, fear/ anxiety or any other behavior and in this case psychologists have devised ways to help counter that by use of;Systematic desensitization is used by psychologists to minimize fear and anxiousness in patients/clients. This is done by teaching patients with anxiety or fear problems the need for relaxation. This technique is used in treating patients who are addicted to drugs.Stimulus generalization whereby first experiences are used to apply to other events, therefore mixture of different events helps people to learn.Spontaneous recovery is a technique used in respondent theory to help in dealing relapse cases whereby a person can go back to past habits when the current conditions seem alike with the past experiencesOperant conditioning looks into behavior of an organism and effects that occur after response. There are different responses in this operant conditioning; neutral which comes from the environment and does not cause a change in behavior, rein forcers which increase the change in behavior and punishers which decreases the chance of change of behavior. The main point of doing this is to observe individual reactions and find ways to use to change the behavior. The methods of reinforcement used can be positive
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