Patient Falls Prevention Strategies

This assignment involves analyzing a research study on patient falls prevention strategies in hospitals. The study presents a randomized controlled trial that evaluates the effectiveness of using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked to radio-pagers in reducing patient falls. The analysis includes examining the methodology, results, and implications of the study. Additionally, other related studies are reviewed to provide a comprehensive understanding of patient falls prevention techniques.

FALLS PREVENTION AND RISK
ASSESSMENT IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
FOR NURSES

ANNOTATION OF ARTICLE 1
Evaluating the use of a targeted multiple intervention strategy in reducing patient falls in an
acute care hospital: a randomized controlled trial
Aim:
The aim of the present article is to evaluate an impact of the targeted intervention tactic in
order to decline a total number of patients who fall in the hospital like acute care. With the help
of this research, suffered people from this issue are to be controlled randomized up to the greater
extent in the acute care.
Design:
The present research is based on an experimental design where scholar firstly applies the
multiple intervention strategies and then identify its impact. When talking about the method of
data collection then the primary tool is considered in which by taking the support of
questionnaire information collected. Apart from this, it is analysed with the help of inductive
approach where general description about the patient falls is given1. After that, specific study or
research is conducted by the investigator.
Data Information / Sample:
1
Ang, Emily, Siti Zubaidah Mordiffi, and Hwee Bee Wong. "Evaluating the use of a
targeted multiple intervention strategy in reducing patient falls in an acute care hospital: a
randomized controlled trial." Journal of advanced nursing. 67. no. 9 (2011): 1984-1992.
1

To make analysis and carry out research about the influences of multiple intervention
techniques on falls prevention in patients, the sample size is determined at this stage. After
determining sample, the required data are collected and then analysed that the tactic had either
whether positive impact or negative on patients. Moreover, in the current research paper sample
of 910 people is taken and then go for further analysis.
Key findings or results:
From the present article of patient falls it can be analysed that, at the workplace of the
acute hospital multiple intervention strategies have the highly significant role up to greater level.
With the help of this strategy, issue of prevention of falls in the patients of the acute hospital is
eliminated up to the better level. Moreover, total 912 participants are taken in the control and 910
participants used from the group of interventions. Further, it can be found from the analysis that,
the rate of a confidence interval (CI) of patient falls is 1.5% and 0.4% under the group of control
and intervention respectively. Apart from this, through the part of risk assessment, it can be
ascertained that CI of risk is approximately 0.29%. On the basis of such collected data and
analysis, it can be clearly said that, interventions strategies which are targeted at multiple having
a positive impact on the patient falls.
Due to this, it can be said that the acute care unit or hospital must formulate new as well
as innovative kind of intervention strategies2. Once the updates and innovative methods are
2 Emily ang, Siti Zubaidah Mordiffi and Hwee Bee Wong, 2011. Evaluating the use of a
targeted multiple intervention strategy in reducing patient falls in an acute care hospital: a
randomized controlled trial. [Online]. Available through:
<http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05646.x/abstract>
[Accessed on 10th August 2017].
2

framed in hospital, then practitioners should execute which lead to reduce the level of falls
prevention between the suffered people.
Ethical implications:
At the time of collecting data from control and intervention groups, some ethics are used
by the researcher. Very basic ethic taken into account by the scholar is that, only authentic
information collected from the respondents and about any kind of personal data not asked. In
addition to this, gathered data stored in specific software which not to be disclosed in the market.
Study limitations:
The basic limitation of the research is that number of respondents or participants
considered from intervention and control group are of the small size. Along with this, only one
centre i.e. acute hospital is analysed under this research paper up to the only certain extent. The
study is useful because it provides the impact of intervention tactic on the prevention if the
patient falls. However, it is not supportive to assess the multiple intervention methods properly
which is another limitation of the research paper.
ANNOTATION OF ARTICLE 2
REFINE (reducing falls in inpatient elderly) using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked
to radio-pagers in acute hospital care: a randomized controlled trial
Aim:
In the present era, patient falls in healthcare units or hospitals is a major issue by which
burden on the health practitioners enhances up to the higher level. The aim of the study is to
analyse the impact of innovative medical instruments and beds on falls prevention problem
3

between suffered group of people3. Through this, it will be assessed that in acute care hospital if
sensor technology and innovative approaches are used then patient falls will reduce up to which
level.
Design:
Research design which is used in the present analysis is an individual patient who is
randomised controlled and having the problem of falls prevention. Along with this, one specific
alert mode is incorporated in the hospital i.e. radio-paging. With the help of this alert mode, staff
becomes alert in order to rise those patients who are at the bedside and chairs. Further, it is on
the basis of experimental design where new and innovative medical instruments experimented on
the patients. The outcome of the study is measured in terms of 1000 bed days.
Data Information / Sample:
In order to study about the present case total, 1839 participants are selected as a sample in
the acute care hospital. Further, from the intervention group 918 and from control group 921
participants are considered for making the analysis of the present research. In addition to this,
total 85 bedside falls are considered as a sample in the present study.
Key findings or results:
From the present research, it can be found that, among intervention group, patient falls
rate is 8.71 behind every 1000 bed per day. When looking at the control group then, level of falls
prevention rate is 9.84 per 1000 bed days in which 64 fallers included among total 83. From the
3 Sahota, Opinder, Avril Drummond, Denise Kendrick, Matthew J. Grainge, Catherine Vass,
Tracey Sach, John Gladman, and Mark Avis. "REFINE (REducing Falls in In-patieNt
Elderly) using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked to radio-pagers in acute
hospital care: a randomised controlled trial." Age and ageing. 43. no. 2 (2013): 247-253.
4

present research, it can be analysed that, between two groups like intervention and control in the
acute hospital there is not any mean significant difference. The reason is that mean significant
difference level like class interval is 0.0001 which is highly lower than 0.05. Apart from this, it
can be assessed that mean expense on each patient is worth of £7199 and £6400 under the
intervention and control group respectively in the acute care hospital.
At the end, it can be concluded that, with the help of only bed as well as bedside chair
(single intervention tactic) the hospital not able to decline and prevent bedside patients properly4.
When talking about cost then, it can be said that an older patient is more cost effective in
comparison to first-time bedside falls.
Ethical implications:
When scholar going to collect data then always consider different ethics by support to
gather authentic and reliable information. Basic ethic used by the researcher is that he or she not
asks about the personal information to them. Scholars totally avoid taking their personal
information. Another ethic used by researcher is that collected data stored in particular software
along with password so that it will not disclose.
Study limitations:
A very main drawback of the study is that the sample size is very small along with this
only one healthcare unit is considered for analysis. Further, those patients who have better
4 Sahota, Opinder, Avril Drummond, Denise Kendrick, Matthew J. Grainge, Catherine Vass,
Tracey Sach, John Gladman, and Mark Avis, 2014. REFINE (REducing Falls in In-patieNt
Elderly) using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked to radio-pagers in acute
hospital care: a randomised controlled trial. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24141253> [Accessed on 10th August 2017].
5

knowledge about prevention falls are taken as a sample by which proper study is completed.
Moreover, the study is useful to know that about impact of innovative approaches on bedside
falls patients but not in an adequate manner.
ANNOTATION OF ARTICLE 3
Patient perceptions and experiences with falls during hospitalization and after discharge
Aim:
The aim of the present study or analysis is to know about the perceptions as well as
experiences of the patients who are >60 years old. Moreover, description is given on the basis of
three criteria which are 1) risks of falls during hospitalised 2) intervention received of fall
prevention while hospitalised and 3) prevention of falls after discharge.
Design:
The present research paper is of the qualitative nature under which primary data collected
with the help of transcribed interviews. Apart from this, there is two basic research designs are
taken into account which is like prospective as well as exploratory. Under this, some things are
expected and analyst has not any kind of knowledge about the topic.
Data Information / Sample:
In order to conduct present research, sample is taken of those patients who are of the 60
years old and more than it. Further, hospitalised patients who are lower than 60 years, not taken
for making the analysis of falls prevention.
Key findings or results:
6

From the present study of qualitative nature, a perception of two different kinds of
prevention falls patients are identified which are like currently hospitalisation as well as
discharged5. Further, basic eight themes resulted and founded through the research which is like
falling in the overall perceptions of both patients, saying falls prevention, acting or taking
initiative in fall prevention and impact of the strategies used on falls preventing. Moreover, other
four themes are such as personal tactics of fall prevention, instructions relating to falls at the time
of discharging, perceptions for falls preventing during hospitalisation and most effectual
discharge guidelines regarding falls.
From the overall research paper, it can be concluded that practitioners of the healthcare
unit are engaged with the patients of falls prevention up to the lowest level. The healthcare units
are required to involve more in both types of patients such as hospitalised and discharged in
order to intervene falls prevention.
Ethical implications:
The interviewer uses ethics at the time of collecting data through the transcribed
interview from the patients of falls. The scholar does not takes any personal information
forcefully from the hospitalised as well as discharged patients who are greater than 60 years old.
In addition to this, gathered information stored in excel with the appropriate password in order to
keep safe.
Study limitations:
5 Shuman, Clayton, Jia Liu, Mary Montie, Jose Gabriel Galinato, Molly A. Todd, Marcia
Hegstad, and Marita Titler. "Patient perceptions and experiences with falls during
hospitalization and after discharge." Applied nursing research. 31 (2016): 79-85.
7

For collecting data interview session takes more time which is a very basic limitation of
the present study. Due to time-consuming, the efficiency of the researcher influences in an
adverse direction in the healthcare unit6. Along with this, only those patients are considered for
the study who are 60 years and more than this. Another drawback of the research is that the
healthcare not engages properly with the prevention falls patients who are hospitalised and
discharged.
SUMMARY
It can be summarised from the above-reviewed articles that, all are based on the falls
prevention in the patient. First two articles are researched on the one specific healthcare care unit
which is acute care hospital while last is not focusing on particular care unit. Intervention
strategies and methods are used by the acute care in order to prevent its patients from the
problem of falls. The first article analysed about the multiple intervention strategies which are
highly supportive in order to reduce the issue of falls among patients. On the other side, when
looking at the second annotation then it can be found that it focuses on only one or single
intervention strategy. With the help of multiple strategies of intervention patients of the acute
hospital are the most profitable. A single tactic used is not fruitful for the falls preventing
patients in a proper direction. Under the second article, only innovative medical equipment or
instruments are considered for decline number of patients who are suffering from the falls
prevention.
6 Clayton Shuman, Jia Liu, Mary Montie, Jose Gabriel Galinato, Molly A. Todd, Marcia
Hegstad, and Marita Titler, 2016. Patient perceptions and experiences with falls during
hospitalization and after discharge. [Pdf]. Available through:
<http://daneshyari.com/article/preview/2644952.pdf> [Accessed on 10th August 2017].
8

When talking about the last annotation then it can be said that the healthcare practitioners
not having appropriate involvement in the bedside falls patients who are discharged as well as
hospitalisation. When they looking at the illness of both types of patients, then easily able to
meet the objectives of reducing falls prevention in the hospital. These all the articles are
researched for resolving issue and problem of falls prevention among the patients. As per the
third paper, it has a key focus on those patients who are discharged from the hospital and
currently admitted. When comparing to the above all research papers then it can be analysed that,
the first article is the most effective for acute care unit to decline level of falls prevention. Due to
using only innovative and modified medical instruments, health practitioners cannot resolve
issues of the patients. For this, the combination of different types of the intervention tactics is
mandatory to adopt at the workplace of acute care unit.
It can be said from the present study that, article one is highly supportive for the acute
hospital in terms of resolve problem of falls prevention among patients due to using multiple
intervention strategies. The second and third both articles are not giving better results for falls
prevention because these use the single technique of falls prevention in the hospital.
9

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ang, Emily, Siti Zubaidah Mordiffi, and Hwee Bee Wong. "Evaluating the use of a targeted
multiple intervention strategy in reducing patient falls in an acute care hospital: a
randomized controlled trial." Journal of advanced nursing. 67. no. 9 (2011): 1984-1992.
Sahota, Opinder, Avril Drummond, Denise Kendrick, Matthew J. Grainge, Catherine Vass,
Tracey Sach, John Gladman, and Mark Avis. "REFINE (REducing Falls in In-patieNt
Elderly) using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked to radio-pagers in acute
hospital care: a randomised controlled trial." Age and ageing. 43. no. 2 (2013): 247-253.
Shuman, Clayton, Jia Liu, Mary Montie, Jose Gabriel Galinato, Molly A. Todd, Marcia Hegstad,
and Marita Titler. "Patient perceptions and experiences with falls during hospitalization
and after discharge." Applied nursing research. 31 (2016): 79-85.
Online
Clayton Shuman, Jia Liu, Mary Montie, Jose Gabriel Galinato, Molly A. Todd, Marcia Hegstad,
and Marita Titler, 2016. Patient perceptions and experiences with falls during
hospitalization and after discharge. [Pdf]. Available through:
<http://daneshyari.com/article/preview/2644952.pdf> [Accessed on 10th August 2017].
Emily ang, Siti Zubaidah Mordiffi and Hwee Bee Wong, 2011. Evaluating the use of a targeted
multiple intervention strategy in reducing patient falls in an acute care hospital: a
randomized controlled trial. [Online]. Available through:
<http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05646.x/abstract>
[Accessed on 10th August 2017].
Sahota, Opinder, Avril Drummond, Denise Kendrick, Matthew J. Grainge, Catherine Vass,
Tracey Sach, John Gladman, and Mark Avis, 2014. REFINE (REducing Falls in In-patieNt
Elderly) using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked to radio-pagers in acute
hospital care: a randomised controlled trial. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24141253> [Accessed on 10th August 2017].