Female Genital Mutilation (CHEM 10)
Added on 2020-03-13
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Running Head: FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATIONFemale Genital MutilationNameInstitutional affiliation
FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION 2Female Genital MutilationFemale genital mutilation which is abbreviated as FGM is sometimes referred to as female genital cutting is the process by which clitoris of girls is cut so as to restrict their desire for sex and reserve their honor sexually before they get married. This procedure is done by removing total or partial exterior genitalia or additional damage to the organs of females for either cultural reasons or reasons that are non-therapeutic. The FGM may involve the removing clitoris, removing labia minora partially, and stitching the labia majora at the same time leaving aminute opening for menstrual and urine movement. The FGM is a practice which is dominant in Muslim communities and its results are serious bleeding leading to death, infection of the wound, and traumatization. The few girls who survive from this manipulation suffer serious effects of health during pregnancy and marriage. The FGM have been classified into the following four type by the World Health Organization: Type 1: This involves partially or totally removing clitoris or/and prepuce (clitoridectomy). It can be classified into:Removing the prepuce onlyRemoving the clitoris and prepuce. Type 2: This involves partially or totally eliminating the clitoris and labia minora with or withoutthe elimination of the labia majora. It can be categorized into:Removing only labia minoraPartially or totally eliminating the clitoris and labia minoraPartially of totally eliminating clitoris, labia minora, and labia majora. Type 3: This involves the process of narrowing the orifice of the vagina with the formation of seal cover through positioning and cutting the labia majora and/or the labia minora, without or with clitoris removal[CITATION Bet10 \p 269 \l 1033 ]. It can be classified into:
FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION 3Apposition and removing of the labia majoraApposition and removing of the labia minoraType 4: This type is not classified but involves removal or pricking of the labia or clitoris, cauterization through the burning of the clitoris, or introducing a substance or herbs which are corrosive into the vagina. The present estimation shows that 90% of cases of Female Genital Mutilation involves types 1 or type 2. The FGM is normally done on females between 5 years and 12 years of age for some traditions while others perform it at adolescence or before marriage[CITATION Bet10 \p 184 \l 1033 ]. Background InformationThe practice of Female Genital Mutilation which is rooted deeply that is performed in 28 African countries, a few Asian countries, and the Middle East. An estimation shows that 100 million girls to 140 million women have undergone the FGM as well as 3 million women are at threat of experiencing the exercise yearly. The research done by the Foundation for Women’s Health, Development, and Research in 2007 shows that 66000 girls who went through the FGM are staying in Wales and England while 33000 women below the 15 years old of age are at a threat of being endangered to FGM or may have experienced the mutilation[CITATION Hil13 \p 167\l 1033 ]. The Female Genital Mutilation can be traced to have started back three centuries ago. Numerous myths and reasons have been provided to explain the continuation and existence of the practice. However, the major motive that has been suggested include aesthetic purposes, prevention of rape, religion, provision of income source for the circumciser, and safeguarding virginity before marriage. The FGM is usually observed as a rite of passage which should be done for a woman to belong to a given community or have a sense of identity in the community
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