Suggestions for Intangible Assets and Provisions in Financial Accounting
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This article provides suggestions for recognizing environmental responsibility as per AASB 138 on intangible asset and recognizing contingent liability for the guarantee offered in case of damage as per AASB 137 on Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets.
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Running head: FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 2 Financial accounting 2 Name of the student Name of the university Student ID Author note
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FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 21 Table of Contents Suggestions for the 1stissue – Intangible assets.........................................................................4 Suggestions for the 2ndissue – Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets............5 Reference....................................................................................................................................6
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 22 668 George Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Telephone 28 8 3215 5000 www.mckenzieandassociate.com.au 11 September 2018 Mr. Con Pewter The managing Director Pewter Ltd. Level 6, 510 King William Street, Adelaide SA 5000 Dear Mr Pewter Your e-mail received by us this morning. After going through your e-mail, manager of McKenzie and Associates asked me to prepare a letter in reply of your e-mail with the suggestions for the issues stated by you. I am delighted to inform you that after working for so many years with this firm I can assure you that you will be provided with the best possible solutionsforyourissues.GoingthroughtheAustralianaccountingstandardsand International financial reporting standards, I came into the conclusion that the issues are related to AASB 138 - Intangible asset and AASB 137 – Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets.
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 23 1stissue highlighted by you regarding recognizing environmental responsibility as per AASB 138 on intangible asset. The 2ndissue highlighted by you regarding recognizing contingent liability for the guarantee offered in case of damage as per AASB 137 on Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets. Suggestions for both the issues will be attached in the separate page for your convenience. In case you are not satisfied with the suggestions or you have any query or questions regarding the same, feel free to get in touch with us through official mail address or contact numbers. Yours sincerely Ms Emily Edward, Accountant McKenzie and Associates Enc: Responses to issues Cc: Maria McKenzie
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FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 24 Suggestions for the 1stissue – Intangible assets It is stated in your e-mail that your company Pewter Ltd. is a leader in selling the canned and frozen fish products. The company is always known for its environmentally responsible operation and for advocacy in sustainable fishing. Among the public it is known as dolphin friendly entity as in its previous campaign it assures that the dolphins will not be affected by their tuna fishing (Yallwe and Buscemi 2014). As per the marketing manager of the company, it will strengthen the environmentally responsible image of the company through repairing any damage to the ship Steve Irwin that is engaged in stopping the efforts of the Japanesewhalersinsouthernoceans.Hefurtherexpectsthatitwillenhancethe environmental reputation of the entity and therefore, it shall be recognised as goodwill in the accounting records and financial statement of the entity (Gamayuni 2015). AASB 138 – intangible asset defined the term intangible asset as the identifiable non-monetary asset that does not have any physical substance. The company shall record the intangible asset if it is likely that the potential economic advantages of the asset will be inflow to the organization and the amount of advantages thereof can be projected reliably. AASB 138 also stated that the goodwill as an intangible asset that enhance the worth of the organization, however, the added worth cannot be measured easily. One of the main criteria for an item to be recognised as goodwill is it must enhance the company’s worth through improving its reputation, brand value or number of customer. Further, if any amount is expensed for obtaining any potential economic advantages but the asset is not recorded as intangible asset under the financial statement of the company owing to non-fulfilment of required recognition criteria, the asset is considered asinternally generated goodwill. As the internally generated goodwill are not able to be segregated or separated from other asset and the amount of advantages cannot be projected reliably, it will not be recorded in the financial report of the company as intangible asset (AASB 138 - Intangible Assets 2015). From the stated scenario it is assumed that strengthening of the company’s environmental responsible representation will improve the brand name of the entity which in turn will strengthen the customer base of the company. If at all it improves the image of the company and attracts more customers towards the company’s business it will be considered as the internally generated goodwill for the company. The reason behind this is that even if the company’s profitability improves through enhancing the customer base it is very much unsure that how much time will be taken to enhance profitability. Further, there is no reliability regarding the amount of benefits that will be
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 25 derived by the company (Aasb.gov.au 2018). Therefore, even if the marketing manager of PewterLtdbelievesthatimprovingtheenvironmentalresponsiblerepresentationwill ultimately enhance the company’s profitability through increasing its goodwill, no reliability is found regarding his projection. Hence, the internally generated goodwill by your company shall not be recorded under the financial statement of the company as intangible asset (Vetoshkina and Tukhvatullin 2014). Suggestions for the 2ndissue – Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets Another major issue highlighted by you was the treatment of guarantee as provision or contingent liability. It is stated that Pewter Ltd has provided guarantee for repairing in case any damage caused to the ship Steve Irwin owing to making the attempt in disrupting Japanese whalers. However, the manager is in the view that such guarantee will not have any impact on the profitability of the company (Goodwinet al. 2016). As per AASB 137 the term contingent liability is probable obligation arising out of past events whose existence will be validated from happening or non-happening of 1 or more events. AASB 137 further defined the term provision as the liability arising from any tentative timing or amount. It is stated that as all the liabilities are tentative in terms of timing or in terms of amount it will considered as contingent. However, the contingent liability is not reported in financial statement as its existence will be validated from happening or non-happening of 1 or more events. Variation among provision and contingent liability is that the contingent liability is disclosed if it is confirmed from happening or non-happening of 1 or more events and in case of provision it is reported if the tentative amount or timing is confirmed (AASB 137 - Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets 2015). In the given scenario highlighted in your e-mail offering guarantee for the damage itself does not itself specifies the surety of damage and further timing of the damage and the amount that will be expensed for repairing. Therefore, it will be regarded as contingent liability for the company and must be disclosed through notes to account provided along with the financial report of the company (Hendrickson 2014). However, in case the damage takes place and the company is required to spend for repairing it will be recognised as provision until the amount of expenses is confirmed. Once the amount is gets confirmed the same expenses shall be reported under the company’s income statement.
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 26 Reference AASB137-Provisions,ContingentLiabilitiesandContingentAssets.,2015.AASB Standard.Availableat:http://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB137_08- 15.pdf[Accessed 10 Sept 2018]. AASB138-IntangibleAssets.,2015.CompiledAASBStandard.Availableat: http://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB138_08-15_COMPoct15_01- 18.pdf[Accessed 10 Sept 2018]. Aasb.gov.au.,2018.[online]Availableat: http://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB138_08-15_COMPoct15_01-18.pdf [Accessed 10 Sept 2018]. Gamayuni, R.R., 2015. The effect of intangible asset, financial performance and financial policies on the firm value.International journal of scientific & technology research,4(1), pp.202-212. Goodwin, J., Atilgan, Y., Simsir, S.A. & Ahmed, K., 2016. Investor reaction to accounting misstatements under IFRS: Australian evidence. Hendrickson,J.R.,2014.Contingentliability,capitalrequirements,andfinancial reform.Cato J.,34, p.129. Vetoshkina, E.Y. and Tukhvatullin, R.S., 2014. The problem of accounting for the costs incurred after the initial recognition of an intangible asset.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,5(24), p.52. Yallwe, A.H. and Buscemi, A., 2014. An era of intangible assets.Journal of Applied Finance and Banking,4(5), p.17.