Food Safety Management

This report discusses the different types of food services, food supply chain process, effective sourcing and procurement principles, procurement strategies, analytical tools, management practices, ethical practices at Duck and Waffle and more.

Food safety Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
PART-1............................................................................................................................................3
Different types of food services...................................................................................................3
Food supply chain process and its different approaches.............................................................4
Effective sourcing and procurement principles...........................................................................5
Types of procurement strategies..................................................................................................6
Analytical tools used in effective management strategies...........................................................6
Various management practices supporting business operations..................................................7
Critical evaluation of management practices and tools...............................................................8
Ethical practices...........................................................................................................................8
Ethical practices at Duck and Waffle..........................................................................................9
Recommendation for supporting management strategies and practices....................................10
Critical evaluation of ethical practices......................................................................................10
PART-2..........................................................................................................................................11
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PLAN..........................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERNCES.................................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Food safety management refers to the systematic approach that is used for controlling the food
safety hazards within the business and makes sure that food offered is safe and securer for
consumption.
Duck and Waffle is the highest restaurant that is located in the city of London. It serves
British and European cuisines. It serves 24/7 to its customers. It is spaces with ceiling to floor
windows (Duck and Waffle, 2021)
This report shows the procurement and sourcing processes within the food service
industry. It also shows the different types of food services within the industry. Also, it identifies
the different types of ethical practices.
MAIN BODY
PART-1
Different types of food services.
Food services is all about providing customers with food and beverages which are being
consumed out of the house (Purwanto and budi Santoso, 2019). There are various reasons
customers visit food service outlets like sampling new taste and flavours, to celebrate and
socialize etc. for every purpose there is a different type of food services which are given as
follows:
 Casual dining.
 Fine dining.
 Pop-up services.
 Fast food and take away.
 Conferences and events.
 Themed food services.
FINE DINING- These dinning are also known as white table cloth restaurant which are
mainly known for its extravagant fancy appearances. It caters the need of upscale clientele by
providing them high quality food and services. Usually these type of dine-in requires dress code.

CASUAL DINING- It refers to the full service restaurants with fun, laid back and
comfortable environment with reasonable price menu. Casual dining are mainly have relaxed
décor that has casual dress code (Panghal and et.al., 2018).
FAST FOOD JOINTS- Fast food refers to a term which is used for food that is sold in
restaurants and stores. This type of food can be served and prepared quickly and it comes in
disposable packaging which can be consumed immediately.
POP-UP SERVICES- These are the services which allows the customers, owners,
guests, chefs to try new concepts and foods by creating something unique. It includes food stand,
counter services, food truck joints etc.
CONFERENCES AND EVENTS- Conferences are meetings which involves several
individuals that discusses on a specific topic (Manning, 2019 ). Whereas events are organized
and planned occasions. Both at events and conferences food services are required.
THEME FOOD SERVICES- These are the services that are designed across a
particular cuisine. For example; cuisines inspired by Japanese, Indian, Asian etc.
Food supply chain process and its different approaches.
Food supply chain is referred as farm to fork. It is a process that describes how food from
farms end up in our plates (Luning and Wallace, 2019). The food in the supply chain moves from
the manufacturer to the consumer via the process of production, processing, retailing,
consumption and distribution. This process has a domino like effect. The supply chain process
includes four stages that are as follows:
 Food origin- This is the first stage of the supply chain process, it is one of the most vital
and important stage which is a likely source for food safety concerns. The major
stakeholders in this stage are the farmers. Duck and Waffle associates itself with several
farmers so that it can provide its customers with fresh organic food products.
 Processing- The second stage involves the preservation and processing of food for edible
and safe consumption (Dzwolak, 2019). Activities like fermentation and refrigeration is
used by Duck and Waffle for preservation of food products.
 Storage and Transportation- This is the step that helps in bridging the gap between the
consumers and food manufacturers. Distributors are the major stakeholders involved in

this stage. Duck and Waffle uses several distribution channels so that they can get on
time deliveries and provide customers with fresh products.
 Consumers- The last and the final stage is the consumption of the food products by the
consumers.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SUPPLY CHAIN
There are three different approaches to food supply chain which are as follows:
 Direct chain- It is a supply chain which is direct and it involves only the buyer, the
central company and the suppliers.
 Extended chain- This is a supply chain which is an extended version of the direct supply
chain (Chen and et.al., 2018). That is it involves, the buyers, the suppliers, the central
company and the supplier's supplier.
 Final supply chain- It involves all the individuals from suppliers to consumers in the
flow of information, services and goods. The Duck and Waffle uses this supply chain that
includes all of its distributors, suppliers and processes which are requires in delivering
quality services to its consumers. The company uses short chains of supply so that it can
maintain its quality of the products offering its customers fresh products.
Effective sourcing and procurement principles.
Procurement refers to the process of acquisition of services and goods which involves
preparation, payment and solicitation processing by the business (Jeffer and et.al., 2021). The
procurement management is considered as a strategic approach that helps in managing and
optimizing the organization's spendings. On the other hand, sourcing is a sub part of the
procurement process. Sourcing refers to locating of sources for acquiring the products which are
required by the organization in fulling the needs and requirements of the costumers. It main
focus is on finding the least expensive and the optimal supplier for the products required. Its
purpose is to acquire goods and services within the budget of the organisation. For effective
sourcing and procurement of its products and services, Duck and Waffle follows the principles
that which helps them in enhancing their efficiency. It complies with the laws and regulation of
the countries from where it procures its products, also, for faster and better procurement of
goods, it works on the principles of maintaining effective relations with its suppliers.

Types of procurement strategies.
Procurement strategies refers to those strategies which are used for cost effectiveness in
the long term for acquisition of necessary products from the suppliers, thus, abiding by the terms
of purchase (Nastasijevic and et.al.,2017). These strategies depends on several factors such as
risk involved, available budget, etc. The aim of these strategies is to mitigate the risks and
decrease the costs thus, leading to expansion in the supply chain.
There are two procurement strategies that are used by Duck and waffle which are global
sourcing and cost reduction procurement strategies (Aik and et.al., 2020). With the use of global
sourcing it helps Duck and Waffle in procuring its products from the global markets that helps
the restaurant in lowering its production cost and enhancing its efficiency and thus, providing its
customers with higher quality standard products. On the other hand, cost reduction procurement
strategy helps the restaurants in setting competitive prices while maximisation of profits through
saving cost during purchasing process.
Analytical tools used in effective management strategies.
There are different tools that are used in supporting effective management strategies.
Duck and Waffle uses porter's five force model and SWOT analysis to support its strategies.
SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGHTS
 It is famous for its British and European cuisines that is served 24/7. Its also have powerful promotional campaigns that attracts more customers.
WEAKNESSES
 It has limited set of dishes and majorly focuses on British menu only. Limited popularity.
OPPORTUNITIES
 Creating awareness about the global cuisines in the targeted market. Offering wider varieties of cuisines and dishes.
THREATS
 Duck and Waffle faces severe competition from the speciality restaurants chains like rock
cafe, nandos, chilis etc.

PORTER'S FIVE MODEL
Porter's five force model is a framework that looks at the five significant factors that
influence the business operations of am organisation (Njage and et.al., 2018). This model is
based on the concept the there are 5 forces that determines the attractiveness and competitiveness
of the market. The Duck and Waffle establishes the following intensities:
 Bargaining power of suppliers- Weak force
 Bargaining power of buyers- High force
 Competitive rivalry- High force
 Threat of new entrants- Low force
 Threat of substitute- High force
This model helps the restaurant in analysing and identifying where the power lies in
business, so that they can strengthen that area (Chaoniruthisai and Rajchamaha, 2018). Thus,
resulting in strengthening its market positioning. It is clear that Duck and Waffle face high
competition that is affecting its market share and its profitability.
Various management practices supporting business operations.
Management practices refers to the innovation and methods of working which are used
for improving the effectiveness n the working systems (Manning, 2017 ). There are different
practices which are used in supporting the operations of the business. Management practices
which are used by Duck and Waffle are:
Managing capital and human resources in its business operations- HR management refers
to the acquiring, developing and supporting the employees and also it ensures that the employees
satisfy their job roles efficiently. With the implementation of HRM practices Duck and Waffle is
able to recruit prominent employees with appropriate selection and recruitment process for the
restaurant. It also provides its employees with proper training and development that helps in
increasing their performance efficiency. Furthermore, it also helps the maintaining, promoting
and protecting the physical and mental health of its employees and thus, increasing motivation
among the employees.
Also, it inculcates practices that helps them in improving their customer services by
offering them higher level of satisfaction by providing high quality food ans services (Chen and
et.al., 2021). Also, it uses inventory management practices that help them in maintaining and

controlling their inventory and stock. Thus, helping the restaurant in increasing its productivity
and leading towards growth and success.
Critical evaluation of management practices and tools.
Duck and Waffle uses different tools like porter's five force and SWOT analysis that
helps the restaurant in carrying out its operation effectively and efficiently (Tutu and Anfu,
2019). It can be critically evaluated that these tools helps the organisation in identifying its
strengths and weaknesses. Also, helps them in analysing the threats and opportunities that are
prevailing in the market. With effective analysis of these factors it helps Ducks and Waffle in
formulating effective strategies so that they can grab the opportunities and overcome the threats.
However, it can be critically analysed that using of these analysis and tools is beneficial
to the organisation but it increases the price of the goods and services offered by the business
(Appling and Hedberg, 2018). Also, there are chances that may result in late deliveries of
necessary supplies. Thus, it may results in decreasing the performance efficiency of the
organisation gradually reducing its revenue with reduction in its sales. On the other hand, it can
be critiqued that it generates many ideas, that makes it more confusing for the business in
formulating strategies that are effective.
Furthermore, it can be evaluated that these tools helps Duck and Waffle in
implementation of its management practices effectively (Zhang and et.al., 2020). On the basis of
the tools, formulation of management strategies helps the organisation in effectively directing
and planing its practices. That is the inculcation of HR management practices has helped the
Duck and Waffle in increasing its performance efficiency thorough effective training practices
that helps in development of employees efficiency.
Ethical practices.
Ethics refers to the values and beliefs which are related with what is morally right and
wrong. Similarly, business ethics refers to the values that affects the company in its interaction
with inside and outside entities Ragasa and et.al., 2019). In other words it refers to the conscious
efforts for improving the working environment by treating every individual fairly and equally.
Financially also, it befits the organisation by strengthening their brand image with higher ethical
values. The different types of ethical practices include:
 Professionalism.

 Responsibility and accountability.
 Effective communication.
 Mutual respect and trust among employees.
 Transparency.
 Fairness to consumers, suppliers and staffs.
 Safe working environment.
 Fair promotion of products.
 Protection of consumer privacy.
It is very important for every business to implement business ethics in its operations.
Because it will help organizations in operating in positive workplace environment which will
help in avoiding regulatory and legal problems. Also, effective ethical practices implementation
will result in enhancing the reputation in the industry which is very important in the food
services industry. With good reputation it will help organisation in attracting more customer and
building a customer base. Thus, resulting in higher sales and profits. Also, it helps in increasing
the customer loyalty which will further help the company in enhancing it brand loyalty.
Ethical practices at Duck and Waffle.
Duck and Waffle understand the significance of implementing ethical practices so that it
run its business operations successfully and smoothly (Xiong and et.al., 2017). It inculcates
different practices such as creating a positive working environment for its employees so that they
feel valued and safe. Thus, motivating them and improving their performance efficiency. Thus,
enhancing the performance efficiency of the restaurant automatically. It also, implement the
professionalism ethical practices that is fairness to customers, employees, suppliers etc. It creates
a professional relationship with its suppliers and employees which results in higher productivity.
Also, Ducks and Waffle implements the corporate social responsibility for effective and
smooth functioning of business operations (De Boeck and et.al., 2020). CSR refers to the legal
action and the operational changes that a company needs to make that befits the society. Ducks
and Waffle uses various ways in serving the society by focusing on the way they function that is
it focuses on its conservation of water and waste management techniques. With recognizing the
CSR, it is a win-win situation for the society and the company as well.

Recommendation for supporting management strategies and practices.
Effectiveness of organization depends on the working of its business operations.
However, it is important that organization must provide quality products and services as well. It
becomes very important for business to inculcate effective ethical strategies and practices that
help in enhancing the effectiveness of the organization.
For supporting effectiveness of management strategies and practices, it is recommended
to Duck and Waffle to make efficient and effective use of its human resources. Because human
resources is one of the most crucial and vital in enhancing the effectiveness of an organization
performance. That is HR personnels helps in designing and inculcating new business strategies
for effective ethical practices that results in enhancing the efficiency of the organization. On the
other hand, it is also recommended to Duck and Waffle that strategies should be formed keeping
in mind the needs and requirement of the customer for higher satisfaction level of the customers.
That will help the restaurant in enhancing its brand loyalty.
Critical evaluation of ethical practices.
It can be critically evaluated that implementation of ethical practices is mainly about
providing the employees, suppliers, customers and others related to the business with autonomy,
well being and justice (Shehzadi and et.al., 2019). However, it can be evaluated that Duck and
Waffle have been providing its employees with safe positive working environment which
promotes equality and fairness. It also provides its employees with freedom of action with
abiding by the fair trade laws and regulations. On the other hand, it can be critiqued that Duck
and Waffle provides it customers with high quality of food and services as with taking necessary
food safety precautions. Also, Duck and Waffle aims at creation of an environment that is
sustainable and promotes conservation of invaluable resources.
However, on the other hand, it is critically evaluated implementation of ethical practices
requires formulation of strategies and practices which could require investments. That is Duck
and Waffle to inculcate ethical practices will require capital that will result in reducing its profits
thus affecting the profitability of the company.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that food services is all about offering food
and drinks outside the house. There are various types of food services that vary from fine dining

to food truck services. It can also be concluded that Duck and waffle uses different analytical
tools that are useful in analysing the strengths and opportunities for the company and helping the
restaurant in implementation of management strategies effectively. Also, it can be summarized
from the report that for successful running of a business it is important that business should
implement ethical practices that will help the business in enhancing its efficiency with increasing
its brand loyalty and effectiveness among the target market. Thus, will help the business in
leading towards growth and success.
PART-2
INTRODUCTION
Business plan helps in identifying market situation and need of customers. This is beneficial for
an organisation because products are made as per need of customer. The report examines,
business plan, aims and objectives, market analysis, financial projection. Further, performance
review techniques and how to improve performance is discussed.
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Executive summary
Business plan includes aims and objectives of Duck and Waffle. Market analysis and sales
strategies is discussed. Financial projections or budget is made to estimate funds required.
SWOT and Pestle analysis is done to identify competitor strategy and plans.
Aims and objectives
Aim of Duck and Waffle is to attract more people and to create good image in market.
Objective is to earn more profit and satisfy need of customer, want to gain competitive advantage
in market by providing good quality products and services.
Market analysis
STP ANALYSIS
The objective of Duck and Waffle is to attract more customers but majorly the company
is focusing on middle aged group and young age people as because they are the ones who are

more interested in travelling and vacation. It has segmented its customers on the basis of
preference, taste, purchasing power and age. In the competitive environment it has helped the
organisation in increasing its sales and profitability. Also, it has been positioning itself in the
target market in such a way that it has been able to capture a strong position in the market by
serving its customers 24/7
MARKETING MIX
It is defined as the tool that is used by the organizations in order to influence its targeted
audiences and customers (Walsh and Leva, 2019). The key elements in the marketing mix that
helps in better understanding of the products and services offered are as follows:
 Product- Duck and Waffle is providing different variety of food and beverages. This
helps in attracting more people and satisfy their needs. Product should be unique so that
more customers are attracted and it helps in achieving goals & objectives of hotel.
Managers are identifying market situation and make product according to need of
customer. Duck and Waffle provides it customer with a wide variety in the British and
the European cuisines from breakfast to dinner. It offers its products and services at very
affordable prices.
 Price- it is important to keep prices low to attract people. Managers of Duck and Waffle
initially apply penetration pricing strategy in this prices are kept low to attract people.
After sometime, they apply competitive pricing strategy which means prices are set after
analysing market situation. The restaurant offers its customers with segmented prices that
it offers discount upto 10% on bid festivals like Halloween and Christmas. Also, it adopts
competitive pricing strategy that offers it customers with reasonable prices with high
quality standards.
 Place- Duck and Waffle hotel is situated in market and there is no issue related to
conveyance as people can use public transport. Hotel is situated in market so people will
not face problem. The restaurants is one of the highest located restaurant in the London

city at 40th floor. It has been placed prominent in the markets and is one of the USP of the
restaurants.
 Promotion- this is essential to earn profit. Managers of Duck and Waffle is giving
advertisement on social networking sites as it is the best way to attract people. Promotion
helps in providing relevant information to people and increase sales of hotel. The
restaurant uses both direct as well as indirect marketing techniques that is it has its own
online websites that caters to the need of its customers. Along with that it also uses e-mail
marketing and advertising through newspapers and magazines that helps in increasing
awareness about the brand.
Financial projections
It is essential to make budget or estimate funds required to manage all the activities. Managers
are responsible for handling all the activities and budget should be made so that income can be
earned. Expenses should be calculated so that plans and strategies can be made accordingly.
Performance review techniques
It is essential to evaluate performance of employees and use techniques so that needs of members
can be satisfied. With the help of performance review techniques better plans can be made and it
helps in making changes in plans so that goal and objectives can be accomplished (Sebastian,
Siew and Orimaye, 2017).
360- degree feedback – this is performance review technique which is applied by managers of
Duck and Waffle to evaluate performance of employees. It is important to apply performance
review technique so that rewards can be given to employees accordingly. 360- degree feedback
means feedback is taken from all members working in the hotel i.e., juniors, senior members and
other who are working. This technique is used by most of the companies because it is beneficial
and correct information is gathered. Feedback is taken from all people and after that managers
decide rewards. 360- degree feedback helps in increasing self- awareness and boost morale of
employees to work efficiently. It helps in developing skills and motivate employees to work
efficiently.
Rating scale – in Duck and Waffle hotel managers are giving duties to employees and on the
basis of that rating is given to them like, how they are behaving with customers, feedback given
by customer, behaviour of an employee at the workplace with other employees. All these things
are considered and after that rating is given (Hannan and et.al., 2018). On the basis of rating

rewards are given to them. ratings are given after determining performance of every employee
and there is no discrimination between workers on the basis of race, gender, caste, religion,
colour, etc. Performance is evaluated so that changes can be made and it helps in achieving goals
and objectives.
Alternative to improve performance
Managers are responsible for improving performance of employees by measuring their
performance. It is essential to take necessary steps so that workers can work efficiently and focus
on achieving targets. Managers of Duck and Waffle are tracking individual progress by taking
feedback from their senior member. Managers are motivating employees by giving rewards.
Training should be provided to employees so that they can learn how to work and focus on
achieving goals and objectives. To improve performance of workers, rewards should be given to
employees as per their performance and satisfy need of members. Managers should provide safe
and healthy environment to employees so that they can focus on their work and accomplish goals
and objectives. There must be proper communication among employees to avoid confusion or
misunderstanding (Kumar and et.al., 2020).
Management tools
There are some management tools which can be used by hotel so that they can perform
better than others. Management tools such as, strategic planning, CRM, benchmarking, mission
and vision statement, core competencies. It is essential to apply management tools so that better
plans can be made and it helps in achieving goals and objectives. Strategic planning is made by
managers and identify strategy used by competitors so that better plans can be made. This helps
in gaining competitive advantage and more profit can be earned. Mission and vision statement
should be made because it attract people and investors. Managers are responsible for making
plans and identifying market situation so that goals can be accomplished. Managers should
evaluate performance of every employee and make plans accordingly. This helps in performing
better than others and targets can be achieved. For evaluation of performance tools and
techniques can be used by managers of Duck and Waffle and take necessary steps to improve
performance of employees (Mao and et.al., 2020).
Recommendations
There are some recommendations which can be applied by managers of Duck and Waffle
are, for evaluating performance management by objectives should be applied. Management by

objectives help in improving communication between management and employees. Managers of
Duck and Waffle should set targets for every employee and after completing work evaluate
performance and give rewards accordingly. To improve performance of employees, training and
development programs should be organised so that employees can learn new things. It is
essential to evaluate performance of workers so that better plans can be made and it helps in
achieving goals and objectives.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that, it is important to make business plan
because it helps in identifying choice of people. Performance review techniques like, 60- degree
feedback and rating scale has been discussed. Further, ways to improve performance has been
described. Some recommendations are provided which can be applied by managers of hotel to
earn more profit.

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Online references
Duck and Waffle, 2021. [Online]. Available through <https://duckandwaffle.com/about-us/>.