Analyzing Sports Performance Enhancement Strategies

This assignment analyzes various sports performance enhancement strategies specifically applied to soccer players. It delves into the effectiveness of core training and plyometric exercises in improving key performance variables like shooting accuracy and dribbling proficiency. The analysis draws upon research papers exploring these training methods and their impact on athletic performance in the context of soccer.

Running head: FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Name of the Student
Name of the university
Author’s note

1FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Introduction
Head coaches are entrusted with several responsibilities to make a team appropriate for National as well as the International tournaments. The
primary aim of this assignment is to formulate a plan built on personal coaching philosophies and approaches to empower the under 18 football team
participants to acquire skills and integrate them in their learning sessions. The role as the head coach of the under 18 football squad requires implementation
of strategies that will encompass physical, technical, tactical and psychological development of the team members. These four factors will form the pillar of
practice of the squad members (Armour, Jones & Potrac, 2004). Our objectives for the early sessions can be summarized as-
 Physical Development- Physical development refers to fitness of the players. It will focus on increasing the muscle strength, suppleness,
coordination, speed and agility, stretches and working on various stretching exercises, long and short sprints between the agility cones, use of weights
to ensure muscle strength (Bizzini et al., 2013). It will encompass the endurance, work rate, agility (reflex, coordination, balance, speed, and
strength), measuring starting speed during training and match play, and essential training habits on nutrition, hydration, warm-up, cool-down and
prevention of injuries.
 Technical Development- Technical development involves the ability to first touch a ball, strike it, maintain possession, dribble and penetrate, head
the ball with defence and attack and finish with first touch. It will improve the technical moves like taking the ball, dribbles, first pass, following up,
direct play, variations in the simple exercises. The training methods should also include a one and one duel between two players.
 Tactical Development- The tactical development will ensure that the players understand the transition from defence to offense. This will help them
understand the speed of play and possession and will provide them the opportunity to remain aware and read the game. It will improve the technical
aspects of the attack and defence in a game situation, to boost or motivate the players for taking risky shots (Sampaio & Maçãs, 2012).

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o Psychological Development- The fourth pillar of the coaching will involve psychological development that will focus on the attitudes of the
players and give them an ownership in their area of practice (Kidman & Hanrahan, 2004). It will help to understand the importance of the
game and will create a sense of sportsmanship among them. It will further assist in accepting praises and criticism from the coach, team
members and spectators. It will improve the mental preparation of the player, training exercises including mental aspects, to play under
pressure, to coordinate with the other players during the play via eye contact. Therefore it can be estimated that on accomplishing these given
sets of goals the players would be ready for the upcoming rigorous practices for the upcoming tournaments.
Coaching Approach
My key philosophy for the 6 week coaching plan is to promote a holistic approach that is based upon the four pillars for long-term development of
the under 18 team players. I will work towards enhancing the individual capabilities of each team member and will assist them to grow their skills. This will
provide them a direction to improve their balance, agility, coordination and speed. An athlete-centred approach will focus on the achievements of the young
athlete goals. It will create a positive learning environment and will cater to the demands of all the squad members. It will prioritize holistic development of
the players.
The team members will get an opportunity to enjoy their training while participating in activities that will improve their football skills. This approach
will show positive outcomes on all players irrespective of their thoughts of playing football for pure pleasure or for representing a national team in future. A
structured environment encompasses ideas of teaching games for understanding (TGfU), game sense, and long term athlete development. The concepts of
player empowerment and emotional intelligence will also be stressed upon. Thus, by utilising the athlete centred approach, I will be able to help the players

3FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
to increase their understanding of the game and will also encourage creativity among them. On proper utilization of the potential of each player, success will
inevitably follow and their football skills will get enhanced. My players will also be more likely to stay motivated, which in turn will increase their chances
of gaining success and will produce better outcomes. On advocating my coaching philosophy among the team players, I will be able to create a sense of
interest among them. The players will be more likely to buy in to the team direction and will become more accountable for their motivation and self-training.
Therefore, the coaching approach will be able to establish a mutual direction among the players and will build a sense of positive team culture. This will
correlate with winning of games and championships.
Most people are of the view that a successful coach is one who makes the team win at all situations. While success in matches and competitions is an
essential factor in determining the worth and effectiveness of a coach, the basic aim of a successful coach should be to help all players of the team achieve
their individual goals that have been set. Therefore, it is of utmost priority to develop independent athletes in a team (Horgan & Daly, 2015). This will help
the team members develop the capability to critique self performance. The players will be able to make decisions and develop self-reflecting capacities. The
team members will be able to correct their mistakes without relying on others (Jones, 2006). The role of a coach is not restricted to mere selection of
instruction and training methods. A coach is also entitled with the responsibility of designing those methods based on the context of the situation in which
the athletes are being trained. The techniques generally employed by a coach are largely dependent on the core beliefs. Therefore, I will predominantly
utilise reciprocal method characteristics in my coaching approach. This will enable my players are to recognize their mistakes, participate in effective
cooperation and communication with the team members and rectify their mistakes by analysing criticism. The approach will also help them provide feedback
on the performance (Launder, 2001). Constructivist and behavioural learning theories will prove most suitable for the under 18 squad (Quennerstedt, Öhman

4FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
& Armour, 2014). Hence, my players will learn best when they are actually engaged in the activity, where practice is frequent and completed in varied
contexts.
However, I intend to structure my coaching philosophy on a well fabricated plan and will deliver it in a sequential manner during the training period.
It is of paramount importance that coaches should begin planning the sessions well before the season commences to ensure all round development of the
players. Therefore, I have meticulously arranged 4 specific and achievable SMART goals that will be time- bound. I will deliver the coaching approach
based on a meso-cyle and a 4 session plan. These will help me in creating goals that will be criteria based and specific to the requirements of the squad
members. Furthermore, I also intend to design training sessions that will incorporate reciprocal feedback between the players. This will eventually lead to
attainment of the goals that have been set.
My coaching plan will finally help the players to improve their agility. The plan will help them to jump quickly to head the ball, rapidly change
directions, and move forward to close down opponents, move sideways or backwards during transitional moments and to quickly return to the game after
being knocked to the ground. Furthermore, their passing and dribbling skills will improve. This will help them to have a better control over the ball. They
will be able to demonstrate better shooting abilities and will have a greater chance of reaching their goals (Pyke, 1991). My coaching method will also
incorporate the guided-discovery method. It will challenge the cognitive skills of the players and will eventually allow them to develop proficiency in
decision-making. They will also get better adapted to unpredictable environments. Thus, it can be stated that my coaching approach will be extremely
beneficial for the players of the under 18 football squad.

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Meso cycle

6FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Meso-
Cycle
Wee
k
No:
Goals: Monday Wednesday Friday Saturday
Preseason 1-2  To strengthen
the foot ball
skills sessions.
 To work on
the speed and
agility.
 Endurance
runs
 Short sprints
 Dribbling of
ball.
 Swimming
programs
 10 minutes
warm up with
dynamic
stretches.
 10 minutes
practice with
short sharp
sprints.
 Pool recovery
programs –
free style,
breast stroke
swimming,
and dolphin
stroke.
 30 meter sprint
 Muscle strengthening by
light weights.
 Free style swimming.
 Pool recovery programs
like small jogs, stretch
calves, groins.
 30 meter sprint fatigue
 Endurance runs for 4
minutes at 80 % top
speed.
 Repetition of the same
for four times with an
interval of 4 minutes
between each run.
 standing broad
jump
standing vertical
jump
sit and each test
 Short practice
matches
between the
teams to check
the running
speed and
defense.
Season
begins-
Game
week 1
and 2
3-4  Long sprints
 Warming up and
stretching of the body
parts
 Proper shooting of
the ball
 To learn about
control during the
defense
 To learn about the
attacks and defend.
 Aerobics
 Practicing of
multiple low
jumps.
 Swimming
followed by pool
recovery
activities.
 Practicing of sprints with a
gap of 30 seconds between
each long sprint. Starting at
the corner flag and at the
top speed sprinting towards
the diagonally opposite flags.
 Recovery and theory
how to prepare for the
upcoming matches,
 Game 11v11 (3x10’),
full pitch/half pitch.
 Warm up
match.
Game
week 3
and 4
5-6  Warm up (same as
the last two weeks)
 To understand the
different head- on
techniques.
 3 VS 1 keep away
 Head on goals
 Understanding team
positions and team
play.
 Swimming
 Practicing of
soccer bowling
 3 vs. 1 keep
away.
 Swimming
 Team discussions
regarding the
strategies for the
upcoming match.
 Head to the coach- The
team is divided into 2
teams of three players
each: A goal keeping
team and an attacking
team. The coach stands to
the side of the goal and
the ball is thrown to the
oncoming attacker.
 Learning about the
strategies of defense and
attacks.
 Watch film of previous
games highlighting
strengths and
weaknesses
 Chalking out of
the game
regarding the
position of the
players and the
strategies of the
opponent team.
 Working on
physical and
mental
freshness of the
player.
 Physical fine
tuning of pre-
competition.
 Record statistics
of the game to
determine areas
of
improvement.

7FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Date: Monday, week 1 Attendance:
11 under 18 football
players
Equipment needed:
Extra footballs, Kicking nets, agility cones, sideline markers, power slade, target net, kicking tee,
passing machine, blocking shield, tackling tummy, blocking dummy, step over dummy, Football
trainer and chord, Athletic tape and wraps, hot and cold compress therapy facilities, cooling towels,
muscle rollers, First aid kit, swimming kits.
Venue: Football
Academy
Duration: 90 minutes
Introduction: to improve the agility skills in the players and providing them with knowledge of stretching exercises.
Warm-up activities: yoga and
extensive stretching exercises
such as groin stretch buttock,
hip circles, band hip abduction,
lateral hopping balance, step
up band hip flexion, single leg
bench bridging, anterior and
Drills and games: agility skills among the players can be done by-
 Shuttle drills- The player is forced to accelerate stop and change
directions quickly. This can be done by keeping 3 agility cones kept an
interval of 5 yards.
 123 back drill- Teaching the player to sprint to the correct agility cone.
This helps in stimulating the defensive aspect of the sport.
Cool-down activities: hip flexor
stretch, quadriceps stretch, calf stretch,
torso rotation gluteal stretch.
Safety : Refer to the risk assessment
plan
Session Plan 1

8FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
posterior shoulder stretch, hip
circles, supine spine rotation,
step up band hip flexion, single
leg squat.
 Use of 3 cone or L drill.
 Cone Alley v.2 involves hip rotation while crossing over and cutting in.
Figure 1. Agility drills
Figure2. 123 back drill
Source- (Academysoccercoach.co.uk, 2017)

9FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Coaching
tips/questions/challenges:
Sprints and agility runs-
Increase the accessibility
through the agility cones.
Exercises- To practice
abdominal crunches, Triceps
pushups, back hyperextensions
and single leg squats.
Coaching management/energisers:
The players may take short breaks
depending upon their limit of tiredness.
Review/evaluation
The players need to practice long and short sprints. Agility should be increased more between the cones to gain speed and momentum.

10FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Session Plan 2
Date: Wednesday Week 3 Attendance:
11 under 18 football players
Equipment needed:
4 footballs, football cones and one
whistle.
Venue: Melbourne Football Academy
Duration: 50 minutes
Introduction: Aim of the session is to improve the ability of the players to defend and tackle the opponent in groups of two or three. The session will encourage
the players to recognize how and when to apply pressure on their opponent.
Warm-up activities:
11 minutes duration with 6 intervals. 1
minute activity time and 1 minute recovery
time. A 20x20yd grid will be set up and
each player will be given a ball to perform
the inside taps, roll ball across the body and
tap with inside of other foot, dribble using
Outline of Events:
1) Series of 20x20 grids will be set up.
2) Players will be split into groups of 4. 1 ball present between each group
3) 2 attacking players will pass the ball between each other
4) 2 defending players will work as a team and maintain a good defensive position
5) Players will switch roles after 1 minute
Cool-down
activities: Static
Stretching- Free
dribble, Gentle jog
for 5 minutes,
Skipping for 3-5
minutes, Hamstring

11FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
inside/outside left and right foot, jog on the
ball, dribble using inside of both the feet,
dribble with sole of both the feet, free use of
all parts of both the feet.
Figure 2- Defending
Source- (Academysoccercoach.co.uk, 2017)
1) 3 or 4 players will be made to act in the role of passive defenders.
2) They will apply pressure on players with the ball and will force them to enter certain
areas of the grid without ball winning.
stretch, groin stretch,
lower back stretch,
calf stretch.
During static
stretching the
coaching session
should be evaluated
and self-reflected.
Coaching tips:
Offensive Sets- Understand the speed,
timing and angle of approach. Take body
shape into consideration while tackling the
ball. Learn the technique of covering the
defender.
Mental toughness- Concentrate on the next
move once a mistake occurs. Stay compact
and defend as a single unit. Have positive
thoughts on correcting the technique at the
second attempt.
Safety
Refer to Risk
Assessment
Coaching
management/energi
sers:
Effective
communication
between the coach

12FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
3) Defenders will be switched after 30 seconds.
4) Players will also play a 4v4 game with the prerequisite that on loosing possession they
will move back to their own half.
and players and a 5
minute break for
energy drink if the
players get tired.
Session Plan 3
Date: Wednesday Week 4 Attendance:
11 under 18 football players
Equipment needed:
8 Footballs, football cones and one
whistle.
Venue: Melbourne Football Academy
Duration: 50 minutes
Introduction: Aim of the session is to improve the ability of the players to hit the target. They will work on putting their laces through the ball. The session plan
will also encourage the players to take their chances and focus on team movement, passing and communication.
Warm-up activities:
10 minutes duration.
2 balls will be given to three players. One
player will receive pass from other two in
Outline of Events:
1) Players will take turns to dribble through the football cones.
2) They will perform feint at the red cones before shooting on goal.
3) One player will stand between the cones and check to receive passes from those who
Cool-down
activities: Gentle
jog for 5 minutes,
static stretching-

13FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
quick succession. Other activities include
strong foot catch, weak foot catch, weak
foot/strong foot catch, strike ball with laces
and serve the ball with head, receive with
thigh and chest.
dribble through the cones.
4) They will receive on the half turn and will shoot.
5) They will use a diagonal prep touch.
Figure 3- Shooting
Source- (Academysoccercoach.co.uk, 2017)
Free dribble,
Hamstring stretch,
Skipping for 3-5
minutes, calf
stretch, groin
stretch and lower
back stretch.
During static
stretching the
coaching session
should be self-
reflected and
evaluated.
Coaching tips:
Offensive Sets- Smaller balls should have
smaller centre points, maintain ELITE
position, compete with others to get
maximum points in a minute, dribble at
defender directly and use previously learned
moves to pass a defender or teammate.
Mental toughness- Look up. Observe the
keeper closely if a mistake occurs.
Concentrate on accuracy. Reinforce positive
thoughts to correct the technique at the
second attempt.
Safety
Refer to Risk
Assessment
Coaching

14FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
1) The cones will be placed 7 yards from the line.
2) Players will dribble at the cone and show moves like scissors and cut.
3) They will shoot on the goal and the shooter will shag own shot.
4) The defending team will start by passing the ball to one of the 2 attackers.
5) The ball will be considered dead once it becomes out of play.
management/energ
isers:
An energy drink
break for 5 minutes
of the players gets
tired and effective
communication
between the coach
and players.

15FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Session Plan 4
Date: Week 6 Wednesday Attendance: 11 under 18 football
players
Equipment needed:
Ball and the agility conesVenue: Melbourne Football
Academy
Duration: 90 minutes
Introduction: To improve the passing and the heading skills among the players.
Warm-up activities:
Yoga and extensive stretching
exercises such as groin stretch
buttock, hip circles, band hip
abduction, lateral hopping
balance, step up band hip
flexion.
Drills and games:
1. Improving control and ground passing.
Procedure- Player A1 gives the ball to B, and takes B's place. Ball is
controlled by B, passing it into C.C gives ball to D, D controls the
ball passing it to A2. The players change positions as per the coach's
instructions.
Figure3. Ground passing and control
Source- (Academysoccercoach.co.uk, 2017)
Cool-down activities:
Hip flexor stretch, quadriceps stretch, calf
stretch, torso rotation gluteal stretch.
Safety : Refer to the risk assessment

16FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
3. Varied passing
4. Short and long Arial passing.
5. To improve the heading skills
Procedure- The ball is thrown to the players, who headers the ball
without jumping or with a short run up. The ball is thrown over the
players moving between the cones. Teaching of headers while
jumping. A 4x4 game with support players is conducted with 2 goals.

17FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Figure 4. Improving headersCoaching
tips/questions/challenges:
To improve more on defensive
heading, attacking heading,
receiving the ball, long and
short passing.
Coaching management/energisers:
Short drinks and breaks between the sessions

18FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Review/evaluation
The players are performing well and are successful in providing headers. Players have to be more careful while working with the defensive passes. It is
important to maintain the eye contact to understand the moves of the opponents and between the peers.

19FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
Risk assessment Plan
HAZARD CONTROLS RISK FACTOR FURTHER CONTROL MEASURES
Collapsing of goal post The portable goal posts must be
anchored to the ground and
should be checked before each
match.
Medium/high Goals with metal hooks should not be
purchased.
Uneven pitch Referee checks the pitch each
time before the practice
Medium/high
Presence of holes and foreign
objects on the ground.
Referee checks the pitch each
time before the practice
Medium/high
Balls can be too hard or
damaged.
Balls pumped to suitable
pressure.
Low
Inappropriate footwear may
cause injury due to slipping
Footwear should contain sharp
studs.
Checked by the coach and the
referee
Medium/ high The academy is responsible for making sure
that studs are present.
Jewelleries The coach and the referee have Low The players are responsible for taking care of

20FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
to check that the jewelleries
have been removed.
their own jewelries before the practice or the
warm up match.
Player’s conduct
Physical violence
The coaches and the referees
should inform the players
regarding the rules and the
regulations.
Medium/high The players can be detained from the practice
for few days.
Normal physical injuries during
the play
First aid kits should be present. Medium Coaches should have up to date and relevant
qualification for first aid.
Dehydration/ exhaustion Provision of water bottles and
energy drinks.
medium Players can carry their own drinks.

21FOOTBALL COACHING PLAN
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