Foundations of Professional Practice Assignment
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Added on 2020-06-06
Foundations of Professional Practice Assignment
Added on 2020-06-06
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Foundations ofProfessional Practice 1B
IntroductionUrinary tract infection is a type of infection in which parts of urinary tract are effected. Incase when it infects the lower part of the urinary tract than it is known as bladder infection andon the other when upper part of the urinary tract is infected it is known as kidney infection. Thecommon symptoms that prevail in the bladder infection are pain during urination, frequenturination and despite of having empty bladder there is feeling of urinate (Nicolle, 2013). Thesymptoms that are involved in the kidney infection are fever, bloody urine and pain in theabdomen. The common signs and symptoms of the urinary tract infections are burning whileurination, increase in the urination, dark coloured or bloody urine, cloudy urine, increase in thefrequency of the urination without passing enough amount of urine, in male there is presence ofrectal pain and in the women there is presence of pelvic pain, chills, nausea and vomiting. Urinary tract infection in older peopleThe bacteria that is most commonly involved in causing this infection is Eschericha colibut there are some cases in which this infection is caused by fungi and viruses.It is importantthat treatment of the urinary tract infection should be done in the early stages as after spreading itmay further complicate the situation. Urinary tract infection in the lower part of urinary tract areeasy to treat but on the other hand when it spread to upper part it can complicate the situation inwhich the infection is spread into the blood which causes sepsis. The bacteria that is involved inthe urinary tract infection moves upward in urinary tract and initiate the infection in kidneywhich is known as pyelonephritis. This is an important reason of getting the effective treatmentin the initial stage of this infection as pyelonephritis can leads to acute kidney disease that canfurther worsen the ongoing condition (Meddings, Rogers, Krein, Fakih, Olmsted & Saint, 2013). It is important to have adequate information regarding pathophysiology of this infectionas its effect are different in men and women. Although in men also the consequences of thisinfection are different in different age group. In the case of younger people that urinary tractinfection can lead to physical symptoms such as pain during the urination along with extremepain in lower abdomen, fever and back ache. But in case of the older people the scenario iscompletely different, along with these symptoms there are many other complications that theyhave to suffer in the course of this infection. The main reason for this fact is that with theincreases in age the efficiency of immune responses of body against pathogen decrease. As theresult of this event along with many physical symptoms of urinary tract infections the older
people also get suffered from conditions like confusion, delirium and hallucination. This overallprevalence of disease along with these conditions make them suffer from extreme tiredness,fatigue, incontinence and change in there behaviours and mental health. The older peoplesuffered highly in case of this infection and sometime lead to them to dementia. According toMorris and Wiswell (2013), having urinary tract infection in older age along with Alzheimerdisease worsen the condition and may lead to death. Confusion and challenging behaviour in the old personAs discussed above this infection generally spread through coming in contact with theinfection causing bacteria. These bacteria's after infecting the lower part of the urinary tract tendsto move in the upper part of the urinary tract. In case when appropriate treatment procedures arenot followed then this infection finally spread itself in kidney. However, in the case of the oldage people it is not the final stage of this infection. After effecting the kidneys these bacteria'stends to infect the blood stream and spread their infection the blood vessels. After getting in tothe blood the bacteria's start feeding themselves on the nutrient that are present in the body fluidsmainly calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium. In other words it can be said that they startfeeding on the electrolytes that are present the body of old age people. This imbalance ofnutrients tends to disturb the electrolytes balance in body. This is the major reason that result inmalfunctioning of the proper functioning of the brain and tends to create the situation of deliriumand state of confusion in the older age people (Prakash and Saxena, 2013).Thus, due to imbalance of the electrolytes in body person have to pass through manycomplications. The major effect of this imbalance is the loss ability to response against variousexternal stimuli. They are not able to cop up with situation that further worsen their situation.Along with the reduction in generation of appropriate response the old age people also face manyproblems related to unorganized thinking and even lead to loss of intelligence. Thesecomplications are further accompanied with sensory misperceptions, impairment of memory,hallucinations, disturbance in the people's sleeping and walking cycles and rambling is generatedin the speech. This overall decline in health make the old people get frightened and lead toparanoid due to change in the state of mind. This impacts the communication pattern among thefamily members as due to confusion and hallucination the old people face impacts of babblingspeech. Thus, this further increase the concern regarding there safety. Hence, it can be inferred
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