Functional Areas in Business Organizations - Desklib

This report discusses the key functional areas of business organizations, including marketing, human resources, customer service, finance, research and development, and sales. It also covers the skills required by employees to work effectively in these areas. The report is based on IOM Electronics LTD, a regional organization with around 200 employees.

Functional Areas

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
The various functional areas in business organisations..............................................................3
The types of skills needed by employees to be able to work effectively in these functional
areas.............................................................................................................................................5
TASK...............................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES:...............................................................................................................................8
Books and Journals:....................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Business may be define as an organisation or entity in which individual or group of
people are engaged in any commercial or industrial activities. The main activity of an business
organisation is to produce the goods and services according to the need and demand of the
market and sale it to the consumer to earn profit(AKILO and ADEGBUARO, 2021). The
different business activities can be carried out for a profit motive purpose or non profit purpose
which comprises those organisation who operates to fulfil the social problems and charitable
mission. The following report is going to provide information regarding John request. This report
is going to discuss the key functional areas of business marketing, production, sales and many
more in respect to the IOM Electronics LTD. The respective company is a well known regional
organisation with around 200 employees. The company is based on two sites that is Manchester
and Liverpool. This report also cover the skills required to perform effectively in different
functional areas of business.
MAIN BODY
The various functional areas in business organisations.
The functional areas of business may be define as those areas or department of a
company in which employees carried out different activities in order to achieve the set objectives
of the organisation(Borges, Thom and Fantinato, 2018). The functional areas of business in
context to IOM Electronics has been discussed below:-
 Marketing Department:- The marketing department of the company is responsible for
promoting the goods and services of the company in the market. The first and the
foremost objective of the company is to earn more and more profit and this goal can be
can be easily achieve by them through marketing. The employees of the marketing
department is also responsible for doing the market research and developing of the
campaign(Jiang and Ke, 2020). Without this department an organisation is not able to
grab the the different opportunities and cannot stand in the market for a long period of
time. In order to become successful in the market the company must have to use digital
and social media marketing platform. This not only help them in increasing their
customer base but also help them in developing good relation with the customer.

 Human Resource department:- This department of the company is responsible for
hiring the talented workforce according to the need and demand of the companies
department. The employees of these department have to focus on various activities like
recruiting, developing training programmes for the employees, compensation, benefits,
employees relation and many more. In order to become successful in the market HR
department of the company must have to perform their activities in a very effective
manner. The employees of the HR department have to select the talented workforce
which helps in attaining all the objectives of the company. This result in enhancing the
productivity as well as profitability of the company.
 Customer service: This department of the company is generally responsible for the after
sales services of the company. The main function of this department is to provide help to
their customer, before and after purchasing the goods and services. Basically this
department is being considered as the face of the company and it is very important for
them to provide good services to their customer(Perło, 2020). In order to become
successful in the market, company must have to hire talented, smart and trained
employees within this department so that they can easily solve the customer problem in a
very positive manner. They can use email, text messages and many more things in order
to support their customer.
 Finance department:- The finance department of the company is responsible for
developing the different sources of funds for an organisation when needed. The growth of
the company is directly related to the effective functioning of the finance department.
Along with this, the employee's of this department is also responsible for recording all the
transactions which is related to money and making of financial reports and statements of
the company. In order to become successful in the market, company must have to use
latest technology to record all the finance transaction which helps in minimising the
errors.
 Research and development department:- The R&D department of the company is
responsible for analysing the market report which have been given by the marketing
department (Ransbotham and et. al., 2017). The main role of this department is make
changes in the existing product and launch a new product in the market. As the

employees of this department keep their eyes always on the competitor goods and
services. So, the effective functioning of this department help the company on enjoying
the long term sustainability and competitive advantage over their rivals. In order to
become successful in the market, they must have to analyse the market trends and report
in a very effectively manner and accordingly develops or innovates the company product.
 Sales department:- The term sale is basically the trade between the two or more
individual in exchange of money or other financial instruments. This department of the
company is being considered as most important area of business, as the profitability of
the company is totally depend on this department. For the purpose of selling the different
goods and services of the company in the market this department has been made. To
become successful in the market, company must have to hire trained sales man which
convert the needs of the consumer into sales.
The types of skills needed by employees to be able to work effectively in these functional
areas.
Skill required in marketing employee's:-
 Communication skill is being considered as the first and topmost skill which is required
in an marketing employee. It is very important for the employees to convey the benefits
of the company's goods and services in a very effective manner.
 Problem solving skill is also very important, as it helps the employee in finding the
solution of the different problem in a very effective manner (Sangeetha and Kumaran,
2018) . Thinking out of the box help them in developing new ideas of developing the
marketing campaigns.
Skill required in Human resource employee's:-
 Patience is being considered as one of the most important skill which is required in an
human resource employee. The employees of these department must have to be calm and
along with this they must have excellent tolerating power, which helps them when they
face intolerable complaints.
 Outstanding negotiable power within the employees of this department helps in
improving the efficiency and productivity the employees. With the help of this skill they
can solve the conflicts between the two or more individual and generate a effective
solution which is accepted by both the parties.

Skills required in customer service employees:-
 The employees of this department must have clear communication skill. With the help of
this skill they can clearly covey the benefits of the company product and along with this,
they can effectively provide the after sales services.
 Empathy is also being considered as one of the most important skill which are required in
and customer service employee's. This skill helps them in understanding the emotions
and point of view of the customer. As most of sales of the company is based on the
feelings of the customer and hoe they being treated.
Skill required by finance department employee's:-
 Analytical skill is being considered as one of the most important skill which is required in
an financial employee's. It is very important for them to analyse the problems of the
company and drive a thoughtful solution which improves the overall productivity of the
organisation.
 Accounting skills helps them in recording all the financial transactions of the company in
a very effective manner(Varela-Candamio, Calvo and Novo-Corti, 2018) . Along with
this they should know how to prepare the financial statements.
Skills needed by Research and development employees:-
 With the help of time management skill employees of these department can bifurcate
their products in a very effective manner. Along with this, this skill also helps them in
completing the task within the set time limit.
 Research and innovative skill is also being considered as one of the most important skill
which are being required. This helps them in analysing the market report in a very
effective manner so that, they can develop and innovate the company's product according
to the need and demand of market.
Skills requires by Sales department employees:-
 It is very important for the employee's of this department to have full knowledge of the
company's goods and services. It is very important for them to understand the benefits
and features of the organisation product. This knowledge helps them when they interact
with the customer's.

 Active listening is very important for the sales employee's of the company. As the sales
of the products is totally depend on understanding the needs of the consumer(Xiaozhou,
2019). With the help of good listening skill this can be done in a very effective manner.
TASK
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that there are different types of functional
areas in a business and it is very important for the employees to perform their activities in a very
effective manner. All the department of the company has its own role and responsibilities. This
report also concluded the important skills which are required in the employees of each
department.

REFERENCES:
Books and Journals:
AKILO, A. and ADEGBUARO, A., 2021. THE INFLUENCE OF FUNCTIONAL
INTEGRATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE. UNILAG Journal of
Business. 7(1). pp.202-215.
Borges, E.S., Thom, L.H. and Fantinato, M., 2018, June. Monitoring of Business Processes' non
Functional Requirements based on Quality of Service. In Proceedings of the XIV
Brazilian Symposium on Information Systems (pp. 1-8).
Jiang, W. and Ke, X., 2020. Effect of new product alliances on building cross-functional
capability: cross-fertilisation or cannibalisation?. Technology Analysis & Strategic
Management. 32(4). pp.413-428.
Perło, D., 2020. The importance of sustainable urban mobility in shaping the quality of life of the
inhabitants of functional urban areas. Optimum. Economic Studies. 102(4). pp.91-108.
Ransbotham, S and et. al., 2017. Reshaping business with artificial intelligence: Closing the gap
between ambition and action. MIT Sloan Management Review. 59(1).
Sangeetha, P. and Kumaran, S., 2018. Impact of shared leadership on cross functional team
effectiveness and performance with respect to manufacturing companies. Journal of
Management research. 18(1). pp.44-55.
Varela-Candamio, L., Calvo, N. and Novo-Corti, I., 2018. The role of public subsidies for
efficiency and environmental adaptation of farming: A multi-layered business model
based on functional foods and rural women. Journal of cleaner production. 183. pp.555-
565.
Xiaozhou, W., 2019. The Organizational System of Business Management and the Functional
Positioning of Each Level under Different Business Models.