Functional Areas in Business Organization and Required Skills

This report discusses the different functional areas of management and the skills required to work effectively in them. It covers sales, human resources, marketing, information technology, legal functions, research and development, customer service, and production. The report also highlights the types of skills required to work effectively in these functional areas, such as communication, active listening, commitment, flexibility, organization, and observation.

FUNCTIONAL
AREAS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................3
TASK.........................................................................................................................................3
Functional areas in business organization..............................................................................3
Types of skills required to work effectively in functional areas............................................5
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Functional area of business comprises of various operational activities which are
business by a business in order to meet their organizational objective. The different functional
areas of management focus on- strategy, finance, technology common marketing, human
resource, operations and equipment’s. the project will discuss different functional areas
which will be focused by IOM Electronics. This report will define the functional areas of
business. Later on, the study will highlight various types of skills which can be support in
working effectively in functional areas.
TASK
Functional areas in business organization
A functional area is a group of employees with comparable skills and knowledge. There
are different functional domains that are done in an organisation or economic system where
products and services are exchanged (Brida, Moreno-Izquierdo and Zapata-Aguirre, 2016).
Business units are the procedures that are carried out by functional areas. The functions
performed inside a company may be divided into four categories: operations, finance,
marketing/sales, and research and development. The functional area of business which will be
followed by IOM Electronics are defined below:
 Sales- The sales department's responsibilities include designing, implementing, and
maintaining sales initiatives. The sales department is in charge of creating rules for
the organization's goods and services, which are used to produce revenue and profit.
Setting objectives, managing sales processes, improving efficiency and determining
excellence by encouraging staff, and conducting low-level sales in a right and
acceptable manner are the four key activities conducted within the sales department.
The duties of sales management include monitoring the performance of the sales staff,
developing strategies, and defining goals.
 Human resource- The human resource department is in charge of hiring new workers
and filling open positions with skilled and qualified individuals. Recruitment and
selection are two of the duties done by the human resource department (Chen and
et.al, 2017). The human resource department focuses on assessing their workers'
performance so that they can provide them with the necessary training and
development to assist them shape their skills and competencies to accomplish the
given job tasks and responsibilities. The human resource department's responsibilities

begin with employee onboarding and continue until employees resign or are
terminated from the company. The human resource department is in charge of all
management and employee-related tasks.
 Marketing- The functions of marketing departments are to promote the goods and
services given by the company in order to attract client attention, which is helpful to
the success and profitability of companies in the industry (Foltête and Vuidel, 2017).
The marketing department develops a price plan to assist businesses in obtaining more
market share and retaining their competitive position within the industry. To put it
another way, the marketing department's job is to display and promote an
organization's goods and services in order to boost consumer loyalty.
 Information technology- The information technology department is responsible for
monitoring and maintaining information technology systems and services. The IT
department is in charge of all computer and network hardware maintenance and
support. This department writes the code and collaborates with other departments to
ensure that it functions properly. The IT department is in charge of the architecture,
hardware, software, and networking of the company's computers. Governance,
infrastructure, and functionality are the three key duties done by the IT department.
The governance functions are responsible for establishing operational criteria for
working units as well as managing traditional IT security and data assurance. The
infrastructure role of the IT department is concerned with the management of
hardware components.
 Legal functions- The legal department of a company is responsible for providing
legal services and advice to the company's departments and workers. The legal
department's job is to represent the company in an official capacity. Contract
management, litigation, employment law, consumer claims, real estate transactions,
and many other responsibilities are done by the legal department in company growth.
 Research and development- The customer care department focuses on providing
pre- and post-sale assistance to customers. The research and development
department's tasks include supplying organisations with information and ideas that
will aid in preserving their competitive position in the industry (Houssou, Guillaume
and Prigent, 2019). The major goal of the research and development department is to
keep the company competitive by acquiring market information and offering market
insights that can be used to develop new service items or improve existing ones. The
research and development department studies and monitors the business environment

in order to assist the company expand in the future. The duties of the research and
development department are responsible for introducing innovation to product
designs, and the style enables communication and synergy, allowing for the
advancement of creative ideas inside the firm.
 Customer service- The customer service department focuses on providing consumers
with pre- and post-service so that they may satisfy their needs. Customers service
department's major tasks are to engage and communicate with customers in order to
understand and satisfy consumer requests (Kittlaus and Fricker, 2017). This
department conducts a variety of tasks, including answering consumer questions,
processing orders, handling customer problems, and acting as service agents who
serve as the public's initial point of contact. The importance of establishing,
maintaining, and sustaining business relationships with clients.
 Production- The manufacture of goods and services is the duty of the production
department. This department's responsibilities include ensuring that items are made on
schedule and at a high standard. The production/ manufacturing department is in
charge of everything from procuring essential raw materials to other tasks such as
cost, quality, delivery, and quantity. Professionals in the production/manufacturing
department frequently manage and monitor the whole process to ensure that all
operations are carried out in a systematic manner and contribute to the achievement of
corporate goals. The manufacturing department prepares goods for shipment so that
they can satisfy client needs and deliver their products on schedule.
Types of skills required to work effectively in functional areas
The following are some of the abilities that can enable an individual to complete all
functions in an organisation effectively:
 Open to criticism- Being open to criticism is one of the keys to ongoing
development, which may aid in the development of personality knowledge and
professional advancement. Being open to criticism and feedback from co-workers,
teammates, and management aids in accepting and listening to it as inputs and
concerns from others, as well as receiving recommendations for improvement and
identifying deviations (Qiu and et.al, 2016). Such abilities aid in gaining a fresh
viewpoint and attracting possibilities for progress.
 Communication- Communication is one of the most important abilities to have in
order to circulate and exchange vital information and knowledge so that a company

may meet its organisational goals on time and acquire a competitive advantage
through good two-way communication. Communication is essential for achieving
corporate goals and bringing clarity to the situation.
 Active listening- Active listening is a key talent that assists individuals in
comprehending their organization's requirements and attaining their performance
goals. Active learning abilities are necessary for comprehending given work tasks and
responsibilities, as well as meeting targets and standards. They are also beneficial in
understanding consumer perspectives and supporting customer demand fulfilment.
 Commitment and compassion- These two CCs are as important as the letter C in the
alphabet in any career. Any job can be performed once an employee has completed
training, learned the skills required for the job, and has the necessary resources and
knowledge to work with (Wan and et.al, 2016). For an individual's growth to coincide
with the growth of the organisation, it is critical that the person is sincerely committed
to his job role and compassionate about his work. Only then will the employee's
efficiency increase, resulting in the organization's growth.
 Flexibility- The ability to deal successfully with unanticipated issues and assigned
duties requires flexibility. Such talents enable individuals to swiftly adjust to changing
events and scenarios in the workplace, allowing them to perform successfully and
achieve all performance criteria, hence increasing organisational productivity and
efficiency.
 Organization- Organization skills are important in every job because they help keep
things structured, which may help your complete tasks quickly and reach
organisational goals on schedule and successfully. Organizational abilities aid in the
management of all duties and in keeping attention and concentration, allowing
progress to be achieved and varied jobs to be completed quickly and efficiently,
saving time and energy (Wei and et.al, 2015). Having good organisational skills might
help you increase productivity and prioritise tasks.
 Observant- An employee's observant abilities are useful in gaining vital insight and
knowledge that allows them to work well and accomplish corporate goals.
Observation skills aid in the comprehension of critical information that can aid in the
implementation of significant change that allows a company to grow toward its goals
and achieve success.

CONCLUSION
Following a detailed study of the above-mentioned data, it can be determined that
inside a company, several activities are performed and these functions together contribute to
the success of the company. In order to execute business duties successfully, an employee
must possess the necessary skills and competences to achieve business performance
requirements and organisational goals.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Brida, J. G., Moreno-Izquierdo, L. and Zapata-Aguirre, S., 2016. Customer perception of
service quality: The role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) at
airport functional areas. Tourism Management Perspectives. 20. pp.209-216.
Chen, Y and et.al., 2017. Delineating urban functional areas with building-level social media
data: A dynamic time warping (DTW) distance based k-medoids method. Landscape
and Urban Planning. 160. pp.48-60.
Foltête, J. C. and Vuidel, G., 2017. Using landscape graphs to delineate ecologically
functional areas. Landscape Ecology. 32(2). pp.249-263.
Houssou, N. L., Guillaume, J. L. and Prigent, A., 2019, April. A graph based approach for
functional urban areas delineation. In Proceedings of the 34th ACM/SIGAPP
Symposium on Applied Computing (pp. 652-658).
Kittlaus, H. B. and Fricker, S. A., 2017. Orchestration of the Organization’s Functional
Areas. In Software Product Management (pp. 219-254). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Qiu, X and et.al., 2016. Chemical composition and source apportionment of PM10 and PM2.
5 in different functional areas of Lanzhou, China. Journal of Environmental
Sciences. 40. pp.75-83.
Wan, D and et.al., 2016. Heavy metal pollution in settled dust associated with different urban
functional areas in a heavily air-polluted city in North China. International journal of
environmental research and public health. 13(11). p.1119.
Wei, X and et.al., 2015. Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals
in street dusts from different functional areas in Beijing, China. Ecotoxicology and
environmental safety. 112. pp.186-192.