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Fundamentals Of Hospitality & Tourism | Assignment

   

Added on  2019-11-20

21 Pages5209 Words244 Views
Running head: FUNDAMENTALS OF HOSPITALITY & TOURISM Fundamentals of Hospitality and Tourism Name of the studentName of the UniversityAuthor Note

1FUNDAMENTALS OF HOSPITALITY & TOURISMTable of ContentsIntroduction......................................................................................................................................3Section 1..........................................................................................................................................3Historical different era regarding tourism.......................................................................................3Early Forms of Tourism...............................................................................................................3Renaissance Era...........................................................................................................................4Industrial Revolution...................................................................................................................419th Century..................................................................................................................................520th Century..................................................................................................................................5Section 2..........................................................................................................................................6Historical landmarks in New Zealand.............................................................................................6Section 3..........................................................................................................................................7General Nature of Tourists/Tourism around the world...................................................................8Section 4........................................................................................................................................11Discussion on International Visitor Arrivals.................................................................................11Section 5........................................................................................................................................12Trends in Tourism and Hospitality................................................................................................12Significant changes in Tourism and hospitality.........................................................................13Changes in the Pattern of travel (- shorter trips)........................................................................14Emerging Global Destinations...................................................................................................14

2FUNDAMENTALS OF HOSPITALITY & TOURISMConclusion.....................................................................................................................................15Reference.......................................................................................................................................17

3FUNDAMENTALS OF HOSPITALITY & TOURISMIntroduction Tourism comprises of activities of individuals who travel and stay in places that areoutside their common environment for no longer than one successive year in respect of leisure,business as well as other reasons. It is having the involvement of dislocation outside the generalenvironment. The purpose of this assignment is identifying the nature of tourists in the world aswell as in New Zealand. The push and pull factors are playing a pivotal role in respect oftourism. The push factors are considered being the internal factors that assist in forming thedesirability to travel within potential tourists whereas the pull factors that are considered as theattractiveness of the place as recognized by the traveller, and they are prone to assist the travellerin making a real choice for a destination. Section 1Historical different era regarding tourism Early Forms of Tourism Early tourism is having two forms that include travel regarding business like trading aswell as religious level. There occurred the facilitation of travel as well as exchange of productsthrough the invention of money, writing as well as wheel by the Sumerians in 400 BC.Regarding this time, travel was also taking place due to certain private reasons, like the OlympicGames that were held in 776 B.C. by the Greeks (Barreda, 2016). The Roman travellers travelledfor feeling enjoyed as well as for visiting the friends and relatives. The Roman travellers weremajorly supported by enhancement in communications, first class roads as well as inns (Eggar,2016). Religious travelling occurred as pilgrimages to the places of worship. Pilgrimages

4FUNDAMENTALS OF HOSPITALITY & TOURISMoccurred for the fulfilment of a vow regarding the aversion of the dangers from a certain kind ofillness or as penance in respect of sins. Renaissance Era With the Renaissance, there occurred the development of a few well-known universitiesbecause of which, there occurred the introduction of travel in respect of education mostly by theBritish. In the 16th century, travel for education gained popularity (Lee, 2016). With the passageof time, it was recognized that a gentleman’s education need to be completed by a “Grand Tour”regarding the continent’s cultural centres that lasted for three years. In the early 16th century,Grand Tour was used. Although, it appeared in the beginning to be educational but with thepassage of time, it turned out to be social. Pleasure-seeking young men travelled in a leisurelymanner majorly through Italy and France for enjoying the cultural aspects as well as social life ofEurope, and the major attractions included Venice, Paris as well as Florence (Hudson, 2017). Bythe end of the 18th century, there has occurred the institutionalization of this practice in respect ofthe society’s upper class. Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes regarding the type as well asscale of growth regarding tourism. It helped in bringing not just improvements regarding thetechnological aspects but regarding necessary social changes as well, which made travel to be adesirable activity for recreation. The changes that occurred resulted in the rise in productivity aswell as regular employment. Also, rising urbanization provided more individuals with themotivation as well as scope for going on a holiday. The changes helped in the emergence of themiddle class that did the combination of the higher incomes as well as rising education into

5FUNDAMENTALS OF HOSPITALITY & TOURISMannual holidays (Eto, 2015). For escaping from their responsibilities as well as the crowdedenvironment in the cities, people started travelling to the countryside or seashore on holidays. 19th Century The introduction of trains as well as the progress of steam power has both boosted thetravelling. Along with the creation of additional business through the offering of trustworthy aswell as low priced transportation, the railroads also helped in creating increasing amount ofcompetition as different private organizations did a heavy investment in hotels, resorts as well asregarding the facilities for entertainment (Nair, 2015). The use of steam power offered the growing mobility required by the tourism business.The steamers on the major rivers offered authentic as well as low priced transportation that led tothe famous day-trip cruises as well as the development of coastal resorts near large industrialtowns. There occurred the emergence of the travel establishments and Thomas Cook isconsidered as the first travel organization (Breakey, 2014). With the 19th century, drawing to a close, photography as well as guidebooks startedgaining popularity. A large number of guidebooks that were dealing with the domestic as well asoverseas travel were getting sold to the tourists. The most famous amongst these was Baedeker,whose first publication came out in 1839 and gained popularity in becoming the foremost guidein respect of the countries of Europe. In the current scenario, Lonely Planet as well as Berlitz isconsidered being the modern kinds of guide books (Kim, 2017). 20th Century At the beginning of the 20th century, there occurred new types of mass communication,which did the stimulation of inquisitiveness regarding different countries. There occurred the

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