Fundamentals of OS and Linux Programming - PDF

Running head: FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Fundamentals of OS and Linux Programming
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FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Table of Contents
Section 1..........................................................................................................................................4
Answer I.......................................................................................................................................4
Answer II.....................................................................................................................................5
Answer III....................................................................................................................................5
Answer IV....................................................................................................................................6
Section 2..........................................................................................................................................6
Question 1....................................................................................................................................6
Question 2....................................................................................................................................8
Question 3..................................................................................................................................10

FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Section 1
Answer I
The five most important services of Operating System are:
1. Program Execution: The Operating system provides the users an environment, where
they can execute programs, efficiently. The user does not have to ever worry about the
low-level works like memory management, resource allocation and so on.
2. I/O operation: Each and every program requires input, processing and output operations
to be performed, therefore the management of the I/O devices is crucial for the Operating
System. The user-level programs cannot provide I/O facilities and hence, the OS has to
take charge [1].
3. Communications: It is necessary for processes to communicate with each other for the
sake of constant exchange of information, in a multi-tasking environment. The OS
communicates with all these processes and programs through the use of shared memory.
4. Error Detection: It is the job of the OS to detect and deal with the hardware problems
for any system. One of the duties of the OS is constantly monitor the System for the
purpose of detecting errors and fixing them. These errors include memory overflow, I/O
related errors, hard disk sector errors and so on.
5. Resource allocation: In multitasking environments, the running processes may require
common resources like CPU, memory and so on, at the same time. It is then the duty of
the Operating System to run algorithms to decide which process should get hold of
particular resources and for how long [2].

FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Answer II
Both LINUX and Windows provide their users with a Graphical User Interface and also a
Command line interface to perform a variety of tasks. It is also noteworthy that both the OS
assist their users with multiprocessing, resource management and many more useful features.
However, the differences between them are greater. The command line interface is the prime
catch point of the Linux OS. It provides a variety of command line features and is therefore more
versatile than the windows version of it. LINUX is also recommended above Windows, when it
comes to security and robustness [3]. Nevertheless, Windows is more suitable when it comes to
run a wide range of software programs.
Answer III
Multiprocessing operating systems state the use of two or more CPUs to perform tasks
for a single computer system. These multiple CPUs remain in constant communication with one
another via the bus, memory and peripheral sharing. These type of systems helps the computer to
achieve higher speed of processing for large data volumes or complex tasks. These kind of
systems are figuratively used in the satellite, weather or flight stations, where enormous bulk of
data are required to stored and processed in quick spans of time.
In the shared memory cluster category of multiprocessing environments, they have their
own sets of memory and I/O resources. This takes little burden of the system to run the OS as
each processor runs a copy of the OS. Moreover, these processor systems share the disks, I/O
and global memory resources through multithreaded memory configurations, running one
instance. The scheduling of processes with innovated algorithm, assists the system [4].

FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Answer IV
Batch processing is the word for a technique in which an Operating System can collect
data and program components together in a batch, before starting with the processing. The OS
defines the tasks that has predefined command sequences and data as integrated units. These jobs
are stored in the memory and are executed on the FCFS fashion. Batch processing takes off the
load from the manual data to operator over to the computer and speeds up data processing.
Section 2
Question 1
1
2, 3

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5, 6
7

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8
9, 10

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11
12

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13, 14

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15, 16

FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Question 2
1
2
3

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5

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6
7
8

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9
10

FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
Question 3
1
2

FUNDAMENTALS OF OS AND LINUX PROGRAMMING
References
[1] Mishra, Mayank, Anwesha Das, Purushottam Kulkarni, and Anirudha Sahoo. "Dynamic
resource management using virtual machine migrations." IEEE Communications Magazine50,
no. 9 (2012).
[2] Silberschatz, Abraham, Peter Baer Galvin, and Greg Gagne. Operating system concepts
essentials. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014.
[3] Stallings, William, Lawrie Brown, Michael D. Bauer, and Arup Kumar
Bhattacharjee. Computer security: principles and practice. Pearson Education, 2012.
[4] Heidari, Hadis, and Abdolah Chalechale. "Scheduling in multiprocessor system using genetic
algorithm." International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology 43 (2012): 81-93.