Garden City Planning: Principles and Elements

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GARDEN CITY PLANNING
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GARDEN CITY PLANNING
Cities or urban planning is fundamental and technical processes conducted by the
government and focusses on ensuring high quality of life and smooth operation of the city. As
stated by Hamilton et al (2005), in the urban planning, economic, social and environmental
factors should be put into consideration (p.55). with the aim of development of the city, the
planners should consider the economic activities that may lead to tremendous growth, resources
available and the location of the city or town in a given area. As affirmed by Giles-Corti et al
(2016), city planning is a key solution to global health challenges (p. 2920). That is, proper city
planning ensures that there is appropriate transport mode, conducive environment free of
pollution and accessible facilities that influences healthy lifestyle and behaviors that reduces
health risks. In Howard’s vision and plan for garden city, there are principles that guide the
planning of cities for effective development and promotion of high quality life.
Zoning which is a governmental method of controlling developments within a city or
town, it indicates areas to be used for commercial, industrial, residential and recreational
activities.The zoning helps to reduce overcrowding, reduces health risks by separating the
residents from the factories which produces fumes that are health hazards and enables easy
accessibility of public services for example hospitals (Fell et al 2008, p.97).

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Figure 1. EBENEZER, H., 2014. Garden city of Tomorrow. [digital image] [viewed on 2 June
2018]. Available: https://www.slideshare.net/sdeepanshu/ebenezer-howard-38047148
Population growth which might be uncontrollable, may pose a risk to town
development. Aging of population is significant in city planning to ensure equal distribution of
resources (Duany, 2010). In the Howard vision and planning of the garden city, when a city
population limit is exceeded it is necessary to know how to deal with the extra population. He
indicates that a new city can be developed next to the old city to accommodate the extra
population and easy accessibility of the two cities should be ensured.

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Figure 2. EBENEZER, H., 1902. History of urban planning. [diagram] [viewed 2 june 2018].
Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_urban_planning
Road systems which ensures easy accessibility of all the resources within the city should
be put into consideration. Well laid roads increase the efficiency of a town. The residents are
able to reach their destinations within the shortest time.

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Figure 3. JANE, J., 2016. Stories of the cities [illustration image] [viewed on 2 June 2018].
Available:https://ephemeralnewyork.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/washsquare1950splan.png
Transport facilities for example, buses and trains ease the transport of goods from the
industries and farms to the consumers. It also fastens movement within the city. Therefore,
during planning these facilities should be considered.
Figure 4. Discover ideas about landscape architecture designs [ digital image] [viewed 2 June 2018].
Available from: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/398427898260446755/

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Public buildings which provide services that are essential in a city should be put into
consideration in city planning. For example,hospitals, libraries, museums and town halls
Figure 5. EBENEZER, H., 1898. Town-country idea developed after rise of industrial revolution;
frominside to outside [plan diagram] [viewed 2 June 2018] available from;
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/43839796352700928
Elements of the Howard’s Garden City
The Howard’s vision of the Garden city which is built at the center of an area of 6000
acres and have a ring shape, has been divided by six boulevards into six wards. The city is
divided into zones. Commercial zone is placed at the center of the city whereby the public