Sexuality and Society

This document explores the theories of masculinity, feminist theory, and sexuality theory of Michel Foucault in relation to society. It discusses the implications of these theories in everyday experiences and provides references and resources on gender, power, and sexuality.

SEXUALITY
AND SOCIETY

Table of Contents
Masculinity theory- ...............................................................................................................3
Feminist Theory- ...................................................................................................................4
Sexuality theory of Michel Foucault......................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

Masculinity theory-
The hegemonic theory of masculinity was given by R.W. Connell's he stated this theory also as
the theory of gender order. This theory helped them recognize the multiple masculinity across
time and the culture of the individual. It is stated as a practice that tells the position of men that
how dominating they are and how they position themselves in the society and justifies the
difference between male and female population and emphasizes on other ways of becoming a
man. This theory helps to understand why and how the male population maintain a dominant role
over women and other identities of gender which are now referred as feminine in the society.
This theory was derived from cultural hegemony as a nature of sociologist concept which was
given by Marxist theorist Antonio Gramsci. His theory helped analyze people about the relations
of power among the society in their social class. The term hegemonic refers to the dynamics of
cultural activities and claims of social groups who sustains and maintains a position in a
dominant way in a social hierarchy. Nevertheless this aspect embodies a form of organization
which motive is to perform for the benefit of social activities and has been changed and
challenged socially. The beginnings of this theory represents the concerns about what a man do
to earn bread for this family it was shown as a form of manhood which included factors such as
to provoke anxiety and differentiate on the basis of violence and brutal, naturally pseudo and
those measures which were contradictory psychologically which made them prone to crisis and
made them sustained socially and rich economically. Many people who were sociologists
criticized the definition of this theory, they understood it as a character of fixed type which was
analytically limited to them because for them it excluded the difference of complexity and the
forms of competing masculinity. It also faced some consequences which included the hierarchy
of gender, the configurations of masculinity in people geographically and the dynamics of
socially psycho and their types of masculinity. This theory argues that it is helpful for people to
understand the relations of gender which will help them to develop their span of life, criminology
and education which media also communicates on a mass level and the health of women and
men, also the structure of organization which works functionally. Critics of this theory have
always argued that it is not reproduced by itself and it ignores the aspects which are positive and
only covers those points which are flawed and too ambiguous to be practical in real life.
Everyday experience

This case is of an employee being harassed by a branch manager of a private bank in Jaipur. This
matter has come into light when the woman employee took this to social media to speak against
her senior. She also lodged a complaint of sexual harassment against the branch manager on
April 5, at the Mahila Thana Dholpur , Jaipur. The 23 year old employee of HDFC bank shared
this experience in twitter in which she stated that her branch manager told her that if she want to
survive in this corporate world then she have to do this or he ill destroy his banking career. After
this tweet the HDFC team looked into the matter and replied to her tweet stating strict action
would be taken if the person concerned is found to be guilty. The employee also told that she
was working at HDFC bank for about 4 years and she has faced this for the first time when the
new branch manager moved here about a year ago and she was afraid of telling this to anyone
else because the branch manager had told him to destroy her carrier. She told the news reporter
that the branch manager would call him to the locker room where there were no cameras and
their he touched me inappropriately again and again. After this she was informed that she has
been transferred to another department but did not receive any further notice about where and
when she was transferred. The police have registered a complaint and the investigation is going
on. The SHO of HDFC bank Yashpal Singh told that he will talk to bank committee for the
prevention of any further cases of sexual harassment at the work place.
Feminist Theory-
This theory extends the concept of feminism into various properties such as in theoretical,
philosophical and disclosure in a fictional way. It examines the roles of women and men socially.
It aims on the equality issues of gender which the people of different gender faces. This theory
focuses on interest, chores and experience in a different fields such as communication, studies of
media, psychoanalysis, developing the home economics, education, literature and philosophy.
Themes which are explored and analyzed includes discrimination, oppression, patriarchy,
aesthetics, history of art and the art of contemporary. Many people has the wrong belief that this
theory only focuses on women and girls and promoting women over men is their ultimate goal.
But the truth is this theory has always supported the world socially and in a way that supports
issues such as inequality, injustice, oppression so that they can promote the factors related to
justice and equality. Different people have different perspectives and this theory excluded the

perception of girls and women from the theory of social science. This theory believes in
interaction and experiences of the society so that it can ensure the people that they don't have to
feel left out of how we see and understand the problems related to these issues. Today people
don't think the same as the orthodox people did, today all the genders is keep in check so that
they can get their right to equality and justice and work in discipline. This theory have shifted its
focus from men to those people who assume that this theory only targets men to work and act
socially. This theory is creative because it is often the power of the legal system and interaction
with oppression so that it does not only focus on these issues and how it will affect and intersect
the issue of racism, a system of hierarchical system which includes nationality, sexuality and
disability of other issues. Some theory gives them a framework that a women faces and how
does that they differ from men. Feminists who believe in culture and follows that look for the
values which are associated with womanhood.
Implication of theory/ every day experience
When it comes to working out men and women both have different perception and attitude. For
men going to pleasure center can be a sport. They can also go to exercise center for fun. But
women many have different thought and belief towards it. Girls and women can go to gym in
order to look better or good. They can consider going to gym or exercise center as only part of
training and learning. It has been analyzed that women are more engage in doing yoga and
aerobics but men they are more involve in physical training. This is because men are more
focused on physique but women are more focused on looking better so that they can impress
everyone who are around them. Men are also involving in selecting athlete based activities.
Women may be more apt to take part in group activities because they're interested in the social
aspects of working out and because they feel more relaxed and comfortable in it. Also men want
to build their physical body more. Men can also go to pleasure center for employment. They can
make other people learn about how to exercise and make themselves fit and fine. It has also been
analyzed that for making their body fit men and women both goes to exercising centers. This has
helped them in making both men and women healthy and fit. It has been analyzed that going to
pleasure center reduces stress, anxiety and depression of both men and women. It has made their
skin become good and more glowing. Some report has also show that going to pleasure center
increases self-confidences of women and men both. It has increased their enthusiasm level and
has also enhanced their self-confidence and belief. It has reduced their stress.

It has been surveyed that 72% of the women have been sexually harassed in the pleasure center.
Women tend to wear different clothes while they are exercising. Many women have also
communicated that working out in gym for them was very difficult because of the cases which
are going in and on in pleasure center like Gym. It has been analyzed that men have also faced
harassment in the pleasure center but women in comparison to male are pre-dominantly harassed.
It has been analyzed from the report that 25% men in United Kingdom has faced harassment
while working in pleasure center or exercising center like Gym.
Sexuality theory of Michel Foucault
Sexuality theories are social science theory which have been applied to the study of
human Sexuality (Domenici and Lesser., 2016). This theories are used to understand sexuality
as it is negotiated within two people who are having a relationship with each other.
Michel Foucault explain power and ultimately demonstrate the sexuality is directly
consist and created by discourse. Foucault had never deny a rising of a social classes. There
has always ended efforts to control and how the committee talk about a sexuality , but he had
show that the 17th century has found about this has increased dramatically and the discourse of
the sexuality begin to a change. Instated the discourse will valued of a centering . This
perception let the Anther is to spent their some time to examine the energy and knowledge.
Anther believes that is an proer incontrovertible power dynamic related to the psychological
feature and that society people influencing hat knowledge had an great deal of the power
(Dejours., 2018). of the Foucault power dynamics were not “juridicio-discursive”, as the
repressive hypothesis assumptive. Power is not only which shows the negative forms in which
someone in authority limit behavior with lows. This author have also discuses s the different
Psychoanalytical approaches that states that people have only desire once they are classified
from a object they crave. Anther always proposed that the power is an form of a subjugation and
repression this is not the part of any story .incited of watching the energy as in the hand of
people in authority, this power always exist in the all relationships. Anther emphasis that even
the repressed exercising power, and this power shapes conception. Impenitent for anther to
believed in the power did not always present themselves in a unsupported, repressing way as
the juridicio-discursive holds view , therefore the power is to much creative. Foucault argued
that power and knowledge mechanics in relationships have had great causing on sexuality.

Author has also conclude that the power is not what isinsistence sexuality but the rather then
that it is an more power who has created theidea of sexuality.
Foucault has discovers 4 sources of the power and knowledge and on e of them is
hysterization of body of woman this source has let them to view that the women are being
high sexual . The another is an pedestrianization of children’s sex in this sees that the
children are highly sexual this thing held something dangerous and this need to be controlled.
There is an one more source of power and knowledge is a socialization of Defensive
behaviour,that keep the organic process as an important matter of the society (Rees-Roberts.,
2019). this is an result that without protection sex is conceive as negative and unproductive.
The “psychiatrization of perverse pleasure” is a source of power and knowledge centering on
place sexual illness of the people. The results of
Everyday experience
This case of sexual harassment happened at a school with a cleaner who was being harassed by 2
of his other co worker a male and female. They did it by a planned prank which was directed at
the cleaner, the 2 co worker set up the staff room with empty bottle of alcohol, clothes and
condoms containing fluid. The male co-worker invited the cleaner to sniff boxer shorts left in the
room. The cleaner was so uncomfortable cleaning up body fluids, he was concerned that the 2
staff members were having affair in the school and he thought of speaking to one of the staff, at
this point the co worker told that it was a prank. The tribunal found the cleaner had been
victimised after complaining of sexual harassment. When the tribunal found the cleaner
victimised of sexual harassment, the 2 co worker were justifying themselves by telling the
tribunal that it was a prank and they had no other intention. After this incidence the cleaner
suffered acute anxiety and depression and left the work within a month. He suffered problems
like not able to sleep at night, concentration failure, increased heart rate, excessive thinking and
stomach problems. The cleaner was not able to work for a period of over 2 years because of all
these problems and when he returned he worked for half time only for another 2 years. The
tribunal concluded it as a personal injury and compensated the cleaner for those personal injury.
Advocates would assist the tribunal in adjusting previous awards for inflation when citing them.
The tribunal awarded a total of $156,000 including loss of $70,000 for pain and suffering, around
$3000 for interest of these non financial loss, around $17000 for past loss of income, $48000 for
future loss of income and $10000 for cost of treatment.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Abbott, P. and Wallace, C. eds., 2016. Gender, power and sexuality. Springer.
Beggan, J.K. and Allison, S.T. eds., 2018. Leadership and Sexuality: Power, Principles and
Processes. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Douglas, K.B., 2018. Sexuality and the Black church: A womanist perspective. Orbis Books.
Hartsock, N.C., 2018. Community/sexuality/gender: rethinking power. In Revisioning the
political (pp. 27-49). Routledge.
Heckert, J., 2018. Sexuality/identity/politics. In Changing anarchism. Manchester University
Press.
Kar, S.K., Choudhury, A. and Singh, A.P., 2015. Understanding normal development of
adolescent sexuality: A bumpy ride. Journal of human reproductive sciences. 8(2). p.70.
Martin, K., 2018. Puberty, sexuality and the self: Girls and boys at adolescence. Routledge.
Reynolds, P., 2015. Policing Sexuality: Sex, Society and the State. INSEP–Journal of the
International Network for Sexual Ethics & Politics. 2(2).
Sanjakdar, F. and Yip, A.K.T., 2018. Critical Pedagogy, Sexuality Education and Young People:
Issues about Democracy and Active Citizenry. Peter Lang Publishing.
Seidman, S., Fischer, N.L. and Meeks, C., 2016. The social construction of sexuality. In
Introducing the New Sexuality Studies (pp. 59-66). Routledge.
Stearns, P.N., 2017. Sexuality in world history. Routledge.
Van Lisdonk, J., Nencel, L. and Keuzenkamp, S., 2018. Labeling same-sex sexuality in a
tolerant society that values normality: the Dutch case. Journal of homosexuality. 65(13).
pp.1892-1915.
Vincent, J., 2019. Abiding women: sexuality and control in modern Teso. In Dialectics And
Gender (pp. 211-223). Routledge.
Weeks, J., 2017. Sex, politics and society: The regulation of sexuality since 1800. Routledge.
(Weeks, 2017)
(Reynolds, 2015)
(Seidman, Fischer and Meeks, 2016)

(Hartsock, 2018)
(Kar, Choudhury and Singh, 2015)
(Douglas, 2018)
(Van Lisdonk, Nencel and Keuzenkamp, 2018)
(Abbott and Wallace, 2016)
(Stearns, 2017)
(Heckert, 2018)
(Martin, 2018)
(Sanjakdar and Yip, 2018)
(Beggan and Allison, 2018)
(Vincent, 2019)

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