Human Impact on the Environment: Industrial and Vehicular Emissions in Georgia

This study evaluates the impacts of industrial and vehicular emissions in Georgia and proposes solutions to reduce such impacts. It discusses the hazardous effects of industrial and vehicular emissions on the environment and human health. It also suggests relevant policies and technologies to mitigate human impact on air.

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GEOG 1220: HUMAN IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

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Introduction
Industrial emission is dispensing of industry related waste into the environment
which has its own harmful effects. Whereas, vehicular emission is somewhat similar
to industrial emission but here wastes are discharged from vehicles leading to
pollution causing in environment. These both terms (Industrial and vehicular
emission) is causing a heavy impact on environment as well as give rise to health
related issues too. Heavy companies discharge many dangerous pollutants affecting
environment which does affects health. These industries emit defunct waste
products releasing directly into air. Even sometimes, they vary in capacity which is
usually harmful to the nature. Among many gaseous contents industry and vehicles
emitting into air are carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, ozone and
many others. Whereas, in case of Georgia, severe devolution has been suffered
during Soviet period where may economic reforms regarding heavy disposing
industries with minute regard towards nature and its related consequences. Major
cities where air pollution related are faced where particularly in cities like Rustavi
where a huge steel and metal chemical producing plant is established which a cause
for hazardous impact on environment. Other root cause leading to air destruction in
environment is traffic and vehicles. With this regard, global warming is becoming
major responsive climate changes. (Hao, et al., 2015)
Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate the impacts of industrial and vehicular emissions
in Georgia and to propose solutions to reduce such impacts.

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Industry and vehicular emission and its impacts on air
Industry emission gives rise to much hazardous gaseous formation which not only
affects air but also the waste moving directly into water bodies and affecting it.
Whereas, vehicular that is vehicle outraging formation of air pollution due to fuel
consumption. Basically, heavy industry and vehicular emissions leads with impactful
long-term effects on environment. Biophysical environmental consists of those living
bodies which are plant, animals or a non-physical thing such as water, rocks and soil
minerals. It is a combination of gases earth surrounded with, water forms, rocks and
soils and atmosphere in which plants and animals exist. It gives rise to many such
environmental impacts such as global warming. Global warming gives rise to climate
changes which are caused due to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses
which are emitted through cars and trucks (vehicular emission). Other biophysical
environmental cause lays impact on air, soil and water quality. Vehicle oils or fuel
babble into the soil, even more often disposed fuels from vehicles emission pollutes
rivers, lakes.
Hazardous form of gasses diluted in air even harm human health. Vehicle containing
high level gas which is air formed particles of shoot and metal causing skin and eye
allergies or irritation. Many such other gaseous forms are ozone which affects lungs,
carbon monoxide gas is particularly hazardous for toddlers. Socioeconomic factors
comprises of effects caused to that part of society who lack basic amenities. These
characteristics are basically from those who are either first catchers residing near
industrial emission gets affected by it more often. According to health statistics 2018,
a Georgia rank 70th among other 194 countries in case of air pollution and Tbilisi is
the most dangerous city of Georgia and is among dangerous cities in Europe which
records highest air pollution (F, et al., 2016).

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Source: (Georgia air quality)
Above map explains about the air quality in Georgia. It reflects places with cleanest
to the dirtiest place. Here, Dark blue resembles best (cleanest), light blue resembles
good, green resembles neutral, yellow resembles bad ones and red resembles the

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worst scenario in regards to air quality. In Georgia, Macon stands for the worst
among all other cities of Georgia in air quality. This image reflects and could be
concluded that most of places in Georgia are highly affected by the effect of air
pollution.
Source: (United States Enviornmental Protection Agency, 2017)
Above image reflects the major cause of air pollution which is due to transportation,
27.8% and industries with 22%. It gives rise to biophysical as well as socioeconomic
environment factor. Major causes are because of transportation, industry and
electricity which have its contribution in greenhouse gas emission in total U.S. by
economic sector in 2017.

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Evaluation
Relevant policies or technologies used to mitigate human impact on air could be
made possible by the use of public transportation instead private cars which will at
least mitigate emission from vehicles. Another policy preferred could be walking and
use of bicycles is possible solutions to reduce air pollution from vehicles.
Overreliance on private vehicles instead of public transportation implies a high
amount of emissions into the atmosphere. Another relevant measure could be made
by planting more trees around areas where industries are located. More trees in
urban settings need to be planted so as to increase urban forest canopy. This will
undoubtedly improve the quality of air. Furthermore, use of renewable energy could
also be adapted to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. More efforts need to be put in
place to encourage the use of machines and vehicles that are powered by
alternatives to fossil fuels. Encouraging people to buy vehicles that consume less
energy where, even industries should also focus on production that keeps fuel
efficiently in mind (Gonzalez-Casanova, et al., 2018).
By the use of such initiative, every single citizen of nation would contribute towards
improvement of air quality. Citizens of Georgia should be held with responsibility to
initiate at a small level to encourage huge impact with improving status in Georgia.
Air is though difficult environment part which takes time, but by the help of initiatives
it could be overcome. Government, industry, businesses, individuals all will be
contributing in sorting air condition. People of Georgia need to educate themselves
as well as all individual with emission reducing factors. Citizens as well every part of
country should move quickly towards fully implemented state-wide passenger rail
and concept 3, local transportation for metro Atlanta.

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Alternative solutions and recommendations
Necessary measures to be taken to improve air quality can be done by strengthening
air quality monitoring. Also, reestablishment of vehicle inspection system should be
developed which will help with vehicular emission abolishment of major root causes
and by offering incentives for contribution. Household biomass fuels should be
avoided. Government should initiate by giving rise to necessary policies so that,
those who are contributing are rewarded and those with 0 efforts should be
penalised. With the most natural process adoption, harmful gasses could be
managed by planting more trees in those areas where more industries are
implanted. Furthermore, industries should also be penalized if emission continues
from their side and necessary efforts in policy formation regarding industry
machinery should be made. Additionally, government should only allow those
industries which have measures or policies or basically a system helping in restoring
gaseous formation without affecting environment.

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Conclusion
With an outrageous understanding, it could be clearly stated that industry and
vehicular emission could lead to dysfunctional effect towards environment. With the
effect of which should be managed as it could lead to many biophysical and social
environmental impact such as global warming, health issues and many more. These
industries and vehicles should be directed with necessary measures leading towards
abolishment of hazardous waste or dechannelizing it into better perspective. Certain
gases are there emitting from industries with mostly affecting its nearby areas.
Vehicles should be less prioritized and eco-friendly measures should be adopted like
riding a bicycle instead of a diesel vehicle. Necessary measures and policies at an
early stage should be identified and opted in order to live with some freshness in air
as well as environment.

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