In this document, the three quantities are explained and these are temperature, pressure, and global circulation. Hot and cold are expressed by temperature, which is a physical quantity. There is a manifestation of thermal energy in all matter, which generates heat when a body comes into contact with another that is colder or hotter. The pressure applied to an object per unit area is the force perpendicular to the surface of that object. Pressure gauged against the ambient pressure is referred to as gage pressure (also spelled gage pressure). By means of global circulation, heat is transported from tropical to polar latitudes through a system of winds.