1.0 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report will evaluate the globalisation of Stable of Ireland into South Africa. Founded in 2015, Stable of Ireland crafts handmade luxury ready-to-wear and home textiles. As an SME, the short term objectives of Stable are to sustain online and retail sales, with the long term objective to expand internationally; South Africa being a prime location due to its economically steady and technologically advanced status. A thorough PESTLE analysis has been conducted, covering political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal factors that would effect the internationalisation strategy. The evaluation demonstrates greater prospects than risk, with the South African textile industry value expected to rise 6 billion in 7 years. Careful consideration has been given to the methods employed to execute Stable of Ireland’s business plan, namely market penetration and exporting. Porters Five Forces and Mckinsey’s 7 S model have also been used as a means of analysis in this report to further explore the competitive environment amongst other factors.
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2.0 - INTRODUCTION International marketing is the utilization of marketing standards to fulfil the diverse necessities and demands of various individuals living over the national precincts. (Vellas, 2016). An advantage of international marketing is the rise in returns because theadditionaltransactionsequivalentstomorereturns.Soitisgainfulfor organisations to access international markets(Oumlil, et al., 2015).However, a disadvantage of international marketing is infrastructure because the anchor nation infrastructuremaynotbeestablishedwhichmaycausehindrancesforthe organisations(Surugiu & Surugiu, 2015).Nike, McDonalds and Coca cola are examples of organisations who are involved in international marketing. McDonalds’s brings a native taste, truly, to various nations with regional menu necessities for instance,theMcArabia,aflatbreadsandwich,totheirmiddleeasternmenu, macaroons to their French menu and McSpaghetti to their Philippines menu(Mathur, 2017).An controllable factor in international marketing is the marketing mix which consist of product, price, place and promotion(Gupta, 2017). According to(Cateora, et al., 2015)the phases of international marketing are infrequent foreign marketing, regular foreign marketing, international marketing and global marketing. This report will firstly scrutinize and critically evaluate South Africabusiness environment by utilisinganPESTLE analysis framework. Secondly theoperationalenvironment utilising Michael Porter 5 Forces and finally the internal analysis of the company utilising the McKinsey 7S framework.The discoveries will influence the direction of themarketing strategies and objectives for internationalising into the South African business environment.
3.0 - COMPANY OVERVIEW Launched in 2015 by Sonia Reynolds and Francie Duff, STABLE’s aspirationis to exhibit the absolute greatest of Irish chic and customs to people of the same mind internationally, who place significance on and are enthused by its opulent customs, innovation, splendour and culture. STABLE work alongside the cream of knitters and weaversfromacrossIreland,encompassingNorthandSouth,youngandold. Respected and valued, they are an integral part of the team. STABLE wish to commemorate and share their creations by designing and crafting clothing, scarves and household accessories with the purest Irish Wool, Alpaca, Merino, Cashmere and Linen. STABLE foster and encourage the astonishing talents across Ireland, endorsing the excellence of these current originals, to place Ireland where it belongs on the global stage of luxury textiles(Stableofireland, 2021).
4.0 - SITUATION ANALYSIS Situation analysis refers to a group of methods that leaders use to examine a company’s interior and exterior setting to understand the company’s consumers, proficiencies and company environment(Strakova, et al., 2018). 4.1 - MACRO-ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS (PESTLE ANALYSIS) The uncontrollable factors of international marketing are political, economic, socio- cultural,technologicallegalandenvironmentalfactorswhichareoutofthe organisations control(Gupta, 2017).PESTLE analysis is an outline or instrument utilised to scrutinise and examine the macro-environmental components that could have an intensive influence on an business functioning(Cadle, et al., 2014).A Macro environment is the main exterior and uncontrollable aspects that impact an organisationleadershipandinfluenceitsexecutionandstrategies.These components incorporate the economic elements; socioeconomics; lawful, political, and social conditions; innovative changes; and natural forces(Knecht, 2013).
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4.1.1 - POLITICAL FACTORS With president as head of state and government, South Africa is a parliamentary republic. The president selects ministers and a Deputy president to make up the cabinet that oversee national matters. Prior to 1994, the state was administrated by an apartheid regime(Gumede, 2017). Pretoria is thegovernmental capital of South Africa, whilst Cape Town is the law-making capital and Bloemfontein the legal capital. The political background in South African is frequently obscured by violence, dishonesty,widespreadmarches,administrativebiasandmisconduct.These challenges regularly slow the evolution of economic growth. Consequently, gaining thesupportandassuranceoftheinvestorsandgeneralpublictakinginto consideration the political issues becomes one of the utmost significant jobs of the president of South Africa(Lemon, 2021).
4.1.2 - ECONOMIC FACTORS The South African economy is predicted to bounce back in 2021 and 2022 following the ominous effect of COVID-19. The harsh inconsistency in 2020, owing to imposed lockdownsandtheconsequentabsenceofeconomicmovement,causedan elevated projected growth level of 3.3% in 2021 owing, partially, to base effects (Rolland, et al., 2021).GDP development is projected to bounce back to 3% in 2021. Product and service costs remain significant for South Africa, a key net distributer of minerals and net importer of oil. Reinforcing investment, comprising of foreign direct investment, will be essential to drive progression and generate employment(THE WORLD BANK, 2021).The economy is estimated to recover by 2.5% in 2022. The robust recovery at the close of 2020 has reduced in the first half of 2021, owing to a prolonged second upsurge of the virus that has restrained economic movement. Nevertheless, growth is expected to increase in the latter half of the year, compelled by domestic demand and commodity trades. Domiciliary consumption will play a significant part in growth as the economy restarts and extraordinary savings from the previous year are disbursed at least in part. Personal investment will gradually heighten(OECD, 2021). The upsurge in South Africa’s rate of inflation to a 30 month elevated level is not likely to move forward an uplift in the rate of interest as the central bank had predicted a raise in price growth in the second quarter. Consumer prices increased 5.2% in May from the previous year, in comparison with 4.4% in April, that paralleled the average of 15 economist’s predictions and was higher than the 4.5% borderline of the central bank’s target scope for the first time in 15 months(Vanek, 2021).
Receptiveness to, and constraints upon, foreign investment. The South African Administrationiscommonlyreceptivetoforeigninvestmentasawaytopush economic expansion, progress global competitiveness and enter foreign markets (Inglesi-Lotz & Ajmi, 2021).
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4.1.3 - SOCIO - CULTURAL FACTORS With 11 official languages, each with sub varieties, South Africa is a plurilingual nation. In addition to numerous other languages spoken throughout the nations surface area of 1.22 million km2, each language has multiple zones of speaker concentration. Dissimilar districts of the country are linked not only with differing mixtures of languages but also with differing sociocultural surroundings, even amid speakers of the same dialect(Southwood, et al., 2021).46% of South African’s have an income under R1000 per month, opting to promote luxury goods to consumers living in disadvantaged regions would be an improper judgement(Orthofer, 2016). Multiple types of heritage exist in South Africa, which can be difficult to discern in terms of distinctive individualities. Varied and dynamic, it is vastly imprudent to classifydifferentSouthAfricansbasedsolelybasedonrace;convergent dissimilarities of ethnicity and gender are making it even more significant to be cognisant of how and what they decide to identify as. The notion of characterising SouthAfricanpeoplesaccordingtoraceandculturebringswithitalevelof contention.Disagreementssurroundingsuchcharacterisationsispredominantly owing to historic apartheid rules that intended to racially segregate. Therefore, any recentendeavourtocharacteriseSouthAfrican’ssolelybasedonracecould inadvertently be supplemented by hostile undertones of previous classification. All things considered, South Africa is magnificently varied in practices and beliefs and therefore a business has a better chance to succeed by characterising consumers in this way and then targeting them appropriately(Jansen & Calitz, 2015);(Swartz, 2021).
4.1.4 - TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS SouthAfricahasatechnologicallyhi-techmanufacturing,miningandservice economythatpropelseconomicdevelopment.SouthAfricaupholdsastrong innovation structure that has permitted it to be one of the sturdiest scientific and technologically established nations in Africa(Scerri, 2009).Additionally, South Africa isaprovincialfrontrunnerintheimplementationofnumerousdeveloping technologies, for instance drones in quarrying, biometric information and payment cards to provide social security, which assists in keeping the nation at a pioneering advantage(Chakravorti & Chaturvedi, 2019).Several global technology and social networkorganisationsalreadyfunctioninSouthAfricaregularlybywayof subsidiaries.Theincreaseinvelocityregardinge-commerceinthenation emphasises advances in how merchants get products to consumers. Shopping onlineisontheincreaseinSouthAfrica.Therefore,numerousprospectsare presentedfor onlinemerchants.Similarly,owingtoseveralprominentmalware attacks and additional susceptibilities, need for IT protection products and software is elevated as well. South African organisations sell a large amount of IT products to emerging African markets(Browdie, 2021).
4.1.5 - ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Deforestation is the largest challenge as more issues are created than resolutions are discovered – that is to say, further pollution is being put in via use of machinery and in addition compounds discharged through the course of chopping down trees. On one side, a fantastic city is being developed, however on the other side, oxygen supplying animal and plant species are coming under threat for the benefit of humans. The progression of a gradually perishing planet can be obtained through one of the largest challenges of deforestation as it leads to lower oxygen, added developmentandutilisationofcommodities,andagreaternumberofpeople inhabiting land with lower availability. The ecosystem is experiencing a challenge between harmonising natural life and human prerequisites due to the rate of growth in the city. Owing to the increased influence deforestation has on the ecosystem, it is one of the top troubles in South Africa(Oyebanji & Roux, 2020). Shortage of energy is the following challenge in South Africa as notwithstanding the clichéd outlook of Africa as an arid and desolate area without power, South African cities face a large number of power failures that tend to last several hours. The shortage of energy is owing to dependence on the present energy source which is mainly coals. Coals are a form of energy supply that is regularly used and let out into the atmosphere, creating ecological challenges in addition to electricity challenges. Furthermore, the absence of upkeep of the factories is a large contributing factor to the city’s energy deficiency. The extreme use of coals makes it difficult for factories to maintain cleanliness and the previous foundation of energy has surpassed the old days of electricity. It is documented that South Africa also faces a small budget, it is
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easily understood thata higher priced maintenance factory and a small electrical budget can bring forth challenges such as power outages and energy deficiency in a large city like South Africa(Burton, et al., 2018). Pollution has the smallest impact, but nonetheless, has a momentous effect on South Africa’s ecosystem. Exclusive of land deforestation, pollution would be lower. Yet it remains a significant challenge due to the influence it has in regards to micro and macroclimate. The prevalent use of vehicles has brought about an increased level of traffic in South Africa. The high number of vehicles adds to water and air pollution as gases are released from exhausts and vehicle oil is discarded into waterways. A large amount of oil is brought into South Africa, as a result, further pollution follows when oil slicks and discarding of oil ensues. Due to the city’s large population, the regular use of oil generates further pollution(Thabethe, et al., 2021).
4.1.6 - LEGAL FACTORS South Africa documented FDI influxes of 16 billion rand ($1.07 billion) in the fourth quarter from expenditures of 12.2 billion rand in the third quarter. The influxes in the most recent quarter were instigated by non-native parent bodies amassing equity assets and permitting loans to national subdivisions(Faku, 2021).South African trade laws and business laws are comparable to the laws of the U.K. The legal structure is centred on English common law and Roman-Dutch law. Signed on 24thApril 2009, The South African Consumer Protection act, No 68 of 2008 function is to safeguard the interests of all consumers, guarantee available, clearandeffectivealleviationforconsumersexposedtomistreatmentor manipulation in the market and to also provide weight to globally acknowledged consumerrights.TheConsumerProtectionActoutlinesaconsumerasany individual that commodities are advertised toward, who uses the merchants products or enters into a deal with the merchant or provider of any goods or services (Lombard, 2021).The South African Clothing and Textile Workers’ Union (SACTWU) has completed its 2021 salary discussions for the nations textile division to deliver a 4.77% salary increase for metropolitan regions and 6.66% for non-metropolitan regions. The median growth for both regions is 5.2%, which comes in to effect August 1st2021. The salary increase will be valid for a period of 12 months between August 1st2021 and July 31st2022. Discussions will be continued in early 2022, to delineate new salaries from August 1stnext year(Nattrass & Seekings, 2021).
In South Africa, The Collective Investment Trust rate pertinent to commercial income of both domestic and international organisations is fixed at 28%.It was stated in the February 2021 National Budget that this rate would be decreased to 27% starting for tax years proceeding on or after April 1st2022. So as to aid small and medium sized firms to raise finances to fund companies, a tax inducement for shareholders in small andmediumsizedfirmsthroughequitycapitalbusinesseswasinitiated.A subtraction is permitted from the salary of the taxpayer in respect of expenses sustained by that individual in respect of the procurement shares distributed to that individual by an equity capital business(pwc, 2021).( See appendix 1 and 2 for Mckinsey’s 7 S model and Porter Five Forces)
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5.0 - MARKETING OBJECTIVES Inaugurate Stables operation in the South African Marketplace Grow brand familiarity in Johannesburg, South Africa by 10% by the end of 2022 Survival strategy Growth strategy Grow market penetration by above or equivalent to 5% by the end of 2022 Grow total sales by above or equivalent to 10% by the end of 2022 Growth brand familiarity by more or equal to 50% by the end of 2024
5.1 - RATIONAL FOR OBJECTIVES Apparel and fabric value franchises globally are known for their ability to produce wide ranging employment with comparatively small obstacles to entry and limited aptitude procurement times. Distributing to the EU at special rates via the EU- SouthernAfricanDevelopmentCommunity(SADC)EconomicPartnership Agreement offers further inducements for clothing assembly in nations such as SouthAfrica.However possibilitynotrecognisedis aprospect,andeventually revenue, lost. Centred on Cotton South Africa’s previous end-of-year marketplace statement, resident cotton manufacture in 2020 was 26,800 tonnes,comprising lower than 10% of300,000 tonnes of cotton product vended by domestic merchants yearly. There would appear to be a tangible prospect to progress new assembly capability and significantly work in the local apparel industry(Kionka, 2021).
5.2 - JUSTIFICATION Substantial development has now begun owing to South Africa’s apparel and fabric industryleadingstrategy.Pecuniaryprogressionestablishmentssuchasthe European Investment Bank are well situated and confidently inclined to venture in the industry and South Africa would gain by imparting methods that will permit it to integrate efficiently into these support prospects. Whilst the international Covid-19 epidemic definitely placed obstructions in the sectors development, in addition it has obviouslystrengthenedthesignificanceofnear-sourcingandrapidreactionas essential competitive elements to meet client requests(Kionka, 2021).
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6.0 - MARKETING STRATEGY A marketing strategy discusses an organisations general blue print for reaching potential clients and converting them into consumers of their goods and services (Baker, 2014). 6.1 - PORFOLIO ANALYSIS Portfolio analysis is an investigation of the factors encompassed in an amalgamation of goods with the intention of formulating decisions that are anticipated to advance total yield(Dempsey, 2019). The Stable Portfolio comprises of weavers and knitters who plan, construct and procure.ThefirmownsitsflagshiplocationinDublinwheretheyhavelarge selections of gifts and accoutrements, ready to wear and accessories for the home; to experience, peruse and buy in person.
6.1.1 - THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF SOUTH AFRICA South Africa is regarded as politically stable and having a comparable legal and supervisory structure to western nations. The nation seems appealing for its English language proficiencies, its societal similarity to the UK, and the accessibility of talent at a lower cost(Anita, 2015).South Africa’s economic condition consists of stable administration, absence of terror attacks and conflicts from ethnocentrism incidents are tackled. Within the top 3 economic nations in Africa, permitting FDI, inflation and GDP South Africa is recovering with an influx of consumer expenditure anticipated in 2022(Inglesi-Lotz&Ajmi,2021).ThesizeableChristianpopulaceand westernisation head the requirement for knitwear. The president of South Africa Ramaphosa stated that endorsing the adolescent creatives and design studios would be essential to the achievement and advancement of the entire domestic sector (Analytica, 2020). South Africa possesses suitable internet saturation with higher than 90% of consumers operating on social media platforms(Njenga, et al., 2020).A plethora of advisors deliberated as to how natural capital accounting could aid South Africa’s effort to move to a greener economic situation in line with nationwide improvement and international sustainability objectives(unep, 2020).In addition, South Africa benefits from suitable FDI sustaining strategies and allowing laws (Faku, 2021).
6.1.2 - COMPETITIVE STRENGH OF STABLE OF IRELAND The competitive strength of Stable of Ireland will be illustrated utilising Porter’s value chain analysis. Porter’s value chain is a structure for evolving an investigative framework that follows inter-reliant actions from raw material procurement or concept through assembly and lastly, to the consumer(Porter, 2001).Stable’s initial activities in the value chain begin with acquisition when the style, quality, design and volume of materials are decided with the textile manufacturer until they are transported to Stable’s workshop for production. Stable minimises company costs by guaranteeing they have several suppliers in Ireland to avoid overdependency on a single supplier (Stableofireland, 2021).
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6.1.3 - MODE OF ENTRY Stable Of Ireland has developed competitive lead and expertise in holding both an accessible website and brick-and-mortar stores. Stable can select one out of five routes as a mode of entry into South Africa; Acquisition, Exporting, Greenfield LicensingandFranchisingorJointVenture(Dakora&Bytheway,2014); (Madanoglu, et al., 2017).Whilst each mode has its strengths and weaknesses, exporting continues to be the most regular, swift and easiest means for organisations to internationalise. Exporting needs less reserves and is equally adaptable and lower in risk; it eradicates the requirement for significant capital expenditure, related with the launch of a workshop in a foreign market and offers a platform for further learning surroundingthetargetmarket.Simultaneously,theorganisationsdomestic manufacturing centre may not essentially be the most economical location, from which to assemble goods for export. Exporting has its downfalls, for example hefty transportation costs and duty barricades in addition to total loss of power over the organisations advertising if such is subcontracted to a representative in the export market(Hill, 2013). Research establishes that exporting organisations experience an obvious gain over companies that do not export, demonstrating advanced growth levels, capital and aptitude concentration, and compensating their staff a higher amount averagely. The advantage of exports incorporate a subsequent increase in local employment, a basis for foreign exchange, the formation of alternating pecuniary connections and the expansion of pioneering technologies, causing a general boost in the standard of lifestyle of the citizens and the evolution of the communities as well(Leonidou, et al., 2007).
6.1.4 - SEGMENTATION, TARGETING & POSITIONING The core market to be supplied by Stable of Ireland is textiles. The value of this industry in South Africa is predicted to rise from 11.5 billion in 2016 to more than 17.5 billion in 2023. Recognising client necessities for quality at a reasonable cost and the requirement to have an array of choices makes it simple for Stable’s to ensure consumer satisfaction. Stable offers retail stores where clients can try on goods and purchase off the rail should they wish. This marketing method is referred to as the ‘market pull model’. E-commerce is undergoing vigorous progress in South Africa, largely owing to reduced costs and general convenience. Consequently, online fashion transactions are anticipated to surface as the second leading e- commerce group by 2023.
7.0 - MARKETING TACTICS Marketing tactics are a sequence or collection of tactical means or activities intended to promote an organisations goods or services. The intention is to amplify sales and sustain competitive trade(Rossiter, et al., 2018). 7.1 - PRODUCT The standardisation approach is what Stable of Ireland will use to enter South Africa market. Standardisation provides a unification of societies that have comparable ecologicalandconsumerrequirements.Hence,anorganisationconsidering globalisation, applying a single tactic by standardising its marketing and goods mix will afford consumers reliability and reduced operating expenses(Kaynak & Herbig, 2014). Though, the organisation will need to observe the industry fashion trends to guarantee thegoods are in fashion prior to standardisation.
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7.2 - PRICE The pandemic affected all industries in South Africa negatively(Mbandlwa, 2020). After the pandemic textileswere usually priced between R357 (€20) and R3213 (€180) with the usual price standing between R1249 (€70) and R7497 (€420). This permits a situation where Stable can adjust its current competitive reduced pricing model with haste.
7.3 - PLACE Stable of Ireland’s present retail stores concept has locations within main cities in the U.K and Europe; therefore South African stores would be better situated in cities. The most advantageous cities to undertake business include Johannesburg and Cape town and Durban, regarded as the richest cities in South Africa and Africa, with approximately 25,000 millionaires. This will endorse brand responsiveness whilst online sites will be accessible to serve consumers nationwide that do not live in proximity to these cities.
7.4 - PROMOTION Marketing activities incorporate adverts and online campaigns. The retail teams have a target to achieve based on the footfall they receive in their retail store. Textiles are to be packaged alongside other items to increase sales and targets are incentivised. Additionally, Stable ensures its locations are well-structured and set up appropriately to guarantee a memorable shopping experience. Creating brand identity is achieved by going to industry events and building a catalogue of links and suppliers from the textile market. Stable of Ireland has a large online presence across Europe and the U.K and to extend that to South Africa, Stable will need to ensure consistent social media updates and find innovative ways to put their portfolio in the hands of the consumer. Stable will guarantee superior customer care by delivering skilled and approachableemployeesintheirretailstoresandencouragingreferralsfrom satisfied clients.
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8.0 - MARKETING ACTION PLAN ACTIVITYMONTHPERIODBUDGET Phase 1 Create Operations StrategyJune 20221 and half Months£12,500 Sending in a SpokespersonJuly 20223 Months£10,000 Attaining appropriate authorisation for commercial set up September 20221 and half Months£999 Business IncorporationSeptember 20221 Week£1099 Phase 2 Property procurementOctober 20221 Month£135,000 Retail outlet and constructing/furnishing assembly facility November 2022 4 Months£100,000 Employing workforceNovember 20221 Month£10,000 Workforce coachingDecember 20221 and half Month£20,000 Phase 3 Textiles received from supplier and assembly begins January 20233 Months£175,000 Promoting and social media advertising March 20239 Months18,000
9.0 - CONCLUSION Stable of Ireland’s step into global markets was a robust move. With the market tactics demarcated, South Africa has an appealing marketplace and a well-sized sophisticated population that has a penchant for handmade textile goods. Stable can take on its competitors by guaranteeing diversity and cost control in its value chain. For Stable of Ireland to ensure success in South Africa they must place significance on occupying retail stores in large cities from the onset whilst making sure of a strong social and online presence and that will certify continued profitability and efficiency.
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11.0 - APPENDIX 1 - MCKINSEY’S 7 S MODEL This model is commonly used as a means of structural analysis to evaluate and observe alterations of the internal circumstances of a business. The 7 S’s are skills, systems, style, staff, shared values, strategy and structure(Ravanfar, 2015). 11.1 - SHARED VALUES At the organisations foundation they set out to provide consumers with a range of selections, superior customer care and excellent value. These concepts steered toward the creation of a business model that guarantees a broad collection of ready- to-wear textiles that are competitively priced and can be tried on in a welcoming setting(Baker, 2014). 11.2 - STRATEGY The firm takes on a customer driven approach that aids it in surpassing competitors. The organisational plan has progressed in keeping with current market demands and therangeofopposition.WorkingalongsideEnterpriseIreland’sHPSU(High Potential Start Up) programme to further boost their retail and online presence, Stable are looking to expand their product range to include leather wares from 2018 (Doyle, 2018).
11.3 - STRUCTURE A privately held firm based in Dublin, Stable of Ireland directly employs between 1-10 people and works alongside a further 13 creators and companies. A very personal organisation due to small staffing levels, employees have the opportunity to share thoughts, feelings and ideas related to the advancement of the brand. At present StablehaveoneflagshiplocationinIrelandwithaviewtoexpandinfuture (Stableofireland, 2021). 11.4 - SYSTEMS Stablehaveawebsitefromwhereconsumerscanpurchasegoodsandgain knowledge on the brand. As items are crafted by hand there is not an excessive need for machinery, however, a POS system would be used to process transactions within their flagship location in Dublin, Ireland. 11.5 - STYLE The company is run by Francie Duff and Sonia Reynolds, who make all executive decisions. The team is intimate and formed of a small number of weavers who centre on Irelands’ opulent textile culture to bring forth extraordinary items that reflect the talent and tradition of Irish textiles.
11.6 - STAFF Employees fulfil roles such as weavers and knitters, distribution and shipping and retail staff. 11.7 - SKILLS Skills within the company are allocated between the artistic teams, technology, advertising, distribution, leadership and sales.
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12.0 - APPENDIX 2 - PORTERS FIVE FORCES Porter’s Five Forces is a structure for investigating an organisations competitive environment. The amount and influence of an organisations competitors, prospective innovative market players, contractors, consumers and alternative goods effect an organisations profitability(Porter, 2008). Score (1-5)Rationale for the score Power of Supplier4Stableguaranteesitssuppliersareconsistentandavoids overdependence on a sole supplier. This method also permits the business to get competitive rates from an array of suppliers (Stableofireland, 2021). Power of Buyer3Apparel and textiles constitutes for approximately 14% of the nation’s industrial trade, 9% of the nation’s GDP and the second biggestcontributoroflevyincomeinSouthAfrica(Textile infomedia, 2021). Costs are increasing and consumer assurance isdown,steeringshopperstolimitsuperficialexpenditure. Women usually spend larger amounts on apparel than men, however,menaregainingabiggerappealthanbefore.In addition, traders and manufacturers have begun to produce a higher amount of plus-size clothing, as this is a substantial and inadequately served market(Petro, 2019). Threat of Substitute4Substitutioninthetextiletradeismerelyreplacementby competition, the industry is saturated and can be challenging to entersuccessfullyandevenmorechallengingtomaintain positionwithinthemarket,however,thereis notmuchthat
apparel can be replaced by(Porter, 2008). Threat of New Entrants4South Africa provides a worthy setting for FDI, with laidback regulations and regulations that safeguard shareholders, making it a reasonably unproblematic decision to expand into South Africa. As the nation remains on its journey to regenerate its economy post-pandemic, consideration must be given to the threat of new entrants. Intensity of Competition3The overall textile, fashion and apparel industry in South Africa supplies roughly 8% of South Africa’s industrial GDP and 3% to overallGDP(LeGuern, 2020). Owingtotheimpact ofthe pandemic, the companies that have managed to advance are those who find pioneering methods to overcome adversity and at present, there are not many. This allows Stable of Ireland to find innovative ways to stay ahead of the competition and secure their place in the market. Total score out of 2518