Global Perspectives Nursing Name of Student: University: HIV/AIDS

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Running head: GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES NURSING
Global perspectives nursing
Name of student:
Name of university:
Author note:

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Introduction
HIV/AIDS is one of the most serious global health concern and development
challenges. Healthcare organisations across the globe are putting in best efforts to alleviate
issues and concerns arising in healthcare delivery for HIV/AIDS. Professionals are engaged
in research to understand, treat and prevent HIV infection, and make the mostly affected
areas free from the burden of the disease. The present paper discusses the global health topic
of HIV/AIDS and provides key insight into the need of immediate health care decisions in the
areas where the magnitude of the issue is mostly felt. The paper highlights the factors that
impact health and health care delivery in the global areas most affected by HIV/AIDS.
Further, it describes the interventions that have been implemented for addressing the health
care issues associated with HIV/AIDS. This would take into consideration how the healthcare
decisions and practices at the local level relate to the delivery of healthcare in relation to
HIV/AIDS. The next section of the paper explains the influence of altruistic organisations on
health care practices in the selected global area. In addition, an explanation of the evidence-
based interventions that are efficient, effective and cost-effective for the promotion of
wellness and disease prevention among the population is provided.
Background of prevalence of the disease
Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a gamut of health conditions caused as a result of infection with the
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV/AIDS is one of the most important health
problems facing the world at the present time. Since the world faced the initiation of the
epidemic of the disease, around 70 million people have bene infected with the virus, and the
mortality rate has been high, with 35 million people already dead. Speaking on a global basis,

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around 36.7 million people had been living with this disease at the end of 2016 (who.int,
2018).
The burden of the HIV/AIDS epidemic varies in a considerable manner between
regions and countries. The region that remains most effected by this health concern is the
Sub-Saharan Africa, where almost 1 in every 25 adults is living with HIV. This accounts for
nearly two-third of the people living with the disease worldwide. HIV/AIDS in Africa is a
long-term development challenge, and the areas that are hardest hit by the disease are
southern Africa and East Africa. Around 420,000 AIDS-related death was reported in East
and Southern Africa in the year 2016. There has been a financial and political commitment to
fight the epidemic and countries such as Kenya an South Africa are making some
improvement. However, there is still much to achieve in terms of scaling up of prevention
and treatment of HIV/AIDS (avert.org 2018).
The factors that impact health and health care delivery
HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest health concern in sub-Saharan Africa since the
epidemic undermines three developmental pillars: human capital, growth and investment
climate. The diversity of HIV prevalence among different parts of the globe is attributable to
a wide range of biological, socioeconomic, behavioural and demographic factors. A number
of studies have been conducted in the recent past that group the risk factors for HIV among
the population in sun-Saharan Africa into two categories- influential risk factors and
behavioural risk factors. The determinants are complex and interact with each other to cause
the epidemic (Lachman et al., 2014).
According to Poku (2017), the critical role of human behaviour is the main factor for
high prevalence of HIV in the African region. Qualitative and quantitative studies point out
that early age of onset of sexual activities, negligible use of a condom, and sexual intercourse