Evaluation of Public Health Approaches in India and USA for Malaria Eradication

Global public health
Students Name

Important public health
challenges internationally
• According to the CDC, malaria, tuberculosis and HIV account for the
85% of the global burden of disease
• In 2014, there was an estimated 1.5 million deaths from Tuberculosis.
• In 2013 and 2018, there was an increase in TB cases by 600,000 and
9.6 million respectively
• HIV continues to be a global health concern leading to about 34
million deaths annually
• In 2014, 1,2 million people lost their lives as a result of HIV (Barr et
al., 2016).

Important public health
challenges internationally cont.
........
• Malaria is significant global health concern
• Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that can be prevented and
treated
• The most vulnerable population to this disease are the children under
5 years, the old and people with low immunity
• Although there is a decline in the rates of malaria, there has been the
emergence of new cases of malaria.
• In 2010, there were about 219million malaria cases with an estimated
660,000 deaths (Vos et al., 2017).

Important public health
challenges internationally cont.
........
• According to the World Health Organization, compared to other key global health challenges
such HIV and Tuberculosis, Malaria has a high global disease burden as well as high mortality.
• This explains why the public health challenge that I have chosen is Malaria.
• My country of choice is India due to the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with
the disease in the country.
• Malaria has been a huge problem in India for a very long time.
• In India, there are approximately 2 million confirmed cases of malaria with an estimated 1000
deaths annually.
• Malaria has significantly affected children and those of economically productive ages leading
to high economic losses.
• The disability-adjusted years lost as a result of malaria in India is 1.86million years (Vos et al.,
2017).

Evaluation of the success of
public health approaches in
India and USA
• The public health approach to infectious diseases such as malaria
include:
i. Reporting, monitoring and surveillance of disease outbreaks
ii. Implementing adequate intervention to prevent the spread of
diseases
iii. Health education to encourage behavior change that can reduce
the risk of an infection
iv. Supporting and organizing community actions (Harris, 2016).

Evaluation of the success of
public health approaches in
India and USA cont......
• Key public health approaches that have been used worldwide over
the years to fight malaria include:
i. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets
ii. Indoor residual spraying
iii. Larvae source management
iv. House improvement to eliminate malaria (Newby et al., 2016).