Global Tourism Issues

This presentation discusses the major issues faced by the global tourism industry, including climate change, international terrorism, and lack of sustainable practices. It explores the impacts of these issues on destinations, economy, and culture. The presentation also provides insights into the challenges and opportunities for sustainable tourism.

GLOBAL TOURISM ISSUES

Introduction
More than 118 million people are directly
employed in this sector that means 3.8% of
the global employment is relied on this
industry (Wu 2016).
The global tourism is considered to be a
driven factor to increase the additional job
possibilities in 2017 with more than 2 million
jobs (Kasemsap 2017)

 According to Rosselló-Nadal (2014) the
extreme and unpredictable fluctuations in
the weather caused huge trouble for a
continuous growth in travel and tourism
across the world.
 Grillakis, Koutroulis and Tsanis (2016)
showed that in California, Lake Tahoe is
popular for its Ski sports and as a result of
that $1.3 billion sports and recreation
industry was developed into the region.
Climate change and global warming

Climate change and global warming
Mountains and winter sport
destinations
 Grillakis, Koutroulis and Tsanis (2016) it
can be argued that snow making Ski
industry is highly popular in Eastern
Canada and US.
 Rosselló-Nadal (2014) pointed out that
the snow based tourism in New England
also witnessed greater loss in tourism
industry up to 25% due to low emission
scenario.

Climate change and global warming
Impacts on islands and costal zones
Pauli, Gottfried and Grabherr (2014) it can be
seen that coastal areas and islands are the
most vulnerable locations that can easily
rampaged by the natural calamities.
Katircioglu (2014) pointed out that in the
Caribbean islands extreme storms and
vulnerable hurricanes caused serious
deathblow to the popular tourist attractions

CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING
Impact on natural and cultural heritage
 Katircioglu (2014) showed that due to
increase in global warming the water level in
Venice became so volatile that the authority
started to think about an alternative
mechanism to deal with the crisis situation
 The Great Barrier Reef was also suffered with
large scale bleaching and death of the corals.

INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM ACTIVITIES
 According to Bassil (2014) the fear of
violence and attack that can cause huge
death toll are highly strongly influenced
the visitors and tourists to reject the
vulnerable and instable places.
 Santana-Gallego, RossellÃ-Nadal and
Fourie (2016) suggested that there is a
contradictory relationship between
terrorism and tourism and the
relationship is manifested by cultural
ambiguity.

International terrorism activities
Economic effect
• Between 2001 and 2002 there was a huge
decline in tourism for opting US as the
favourite tourist hotspot.
• In the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attack
US Visa policy was also tightened enough
for the visitors that damaged the success
of tourism in that country.

International terrorism activities
Socio-cultural factors
Iraq was known for place of earliest
civilisation.
After the war between US and Iraq and
dethroning the autocrat Saddam Hussein
created huge cultural gulf between the West
and East (Buigut and Amendah 2016).

International terrorism activities
Damaging the destination
image
Bassil (2014) articulated that
Africa was identified as the most
diverse continent of natural
species.
Factional atrocities and recent
terrorist incidents developed a
fear among the visitors to travel
Africa and spent holidays.

LACK OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
 Juvan and Dolnicar (2014) advocated
that tourism is causing 8% of the global
greenhouse gas emission.
 According to Weaver (2014) the
sustainable tourism is a strategic
measure that the tourism companies
must follow in order to ensure the safety
of the environment and maximising
number of tourists.

LACK OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Affecting local culture
 According to the report of Saufi, O'Brien and
Wilkins (2014) there is a increase in the rate
of visitors between 2000 to 2013 at a rate of
5%.
 Budeanu et al. (2016) identified that the
adventurous feature of jungle safari created
a hotspot for most of the global tourists to
visit South Africa.

Lack of sustainable tourism
Over population
 The effective marketing initiatives of the
Australian government make the region a
loving and desiring destination for holidays
with bountiful beaches and ecological
diversities (Saufi, O'Brien and Wilkins
2014).
 However, the gradual increase in the rate
of tourists creates natural disturbances
along with large pile of wastes.

Lack of administrative policy
 Small countries like Ireland and Netherlands
does not have enough policy making and
effective measures to prevent any damages
to the environment (Weaver 2014).
 Lack of government understanding about
the vitality of sustainable tourism also
discouraged the local tourist agencies to
initiate such measure.
Lack of sustainable tourism

Conclusion
The modern tourism industry is facing a
series of problems.
Lack of security for the visitors.
Absence of safety for the envirnment.

Reference
Bassil, C., 2014. The effect of terrorism on tourism demand in the Middle East. Peace Economics, Peace Science and
Public Policy, 20(4), pp.669-684.
Budeanu, A., Miller, G., Moscardo, G. and Ooi, C.S., 2016. Sustainable tourism, progress, challenges and opportunities: an
introduction.
Buigut, S. and Amendah, D.D., 2016. Effect of terrorism on demand for tourism in Kenya. Tourism Economics, 22(5),
pp.928-938.
Grillakis, M.G., Koutroulis, A.G. and Tsanis, I.K., 2016. The 2 C global warming effect on summer European tourism
through different indices. International journal of biometeorology, 60(8), pp.1205-1215.
Juvan, E. and Dolnicar, S., 2014. The attitude–behaviour gap in sustainable tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 48,
pp.76-95.
Kasemsap, K., 2017. The roles of information technology and knowledge management in global tourism. In Organizational
Culture and Behavior: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 492-521). IGI Global.
Katircioglu, S.T., 2014. International tourism, energy consumption, and environmental pollution: The case of
Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 36, pp.180-187.
Mukesh, R., 2014. Terrorism terrorizes tourism.
Pauli, H., Gottfried, M. and Grabherr, G., 2014. Effects of climate change on the alpine and nival vegetation of the
Alps. Journal of mountain ecology, 7.
Rosselló-Nadal, J., 2014. How to evaluate the effects of climate change on tourism. Tourism Management, 42, pp.334-340.
Santana-Gallego, M., RossellÃ-Nadal, J. and Fourie, J., 2016. The effects of terrorism, crime and corruption on
tourism. Economic Research Southern Africa (ERSA).
Saufi, A., O'Brien, D. and Wilkins, H., 2014. Inhibitors to host community participation in sustainable tourism development
in developing countries. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(5), pp.801-820.
Weaver, D.B., 2014. Asymmetrical dialectics of sustainable tourism: Toward enlightened mass tourism. Journal of Travel
Research, 53(2), pp.131-140.
Wu, C.W., 2016. Destination loyalty modeling of the global tourism. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), pp.2213-2219.