Global travel and tourism pattern and trends

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Global Travel and
Tourism Pattern and
Trends

Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................2
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Key milestones in the development of travel and tourism industry....................................................3
P2 Different elements of travel and tourism industry and interrelation....................................................4
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................5
P3 Several factors that influence tourism behaviour................................................................................5
P4 Models of motivation and their influence on consumer decision making process..............................6
TASK 3.......................................................................................................................................................7
P5 Determine emerging and recent patterns and trends in global travel and tourism industry.................7
TASK 4.......................................................................................................................................................9
P6 Factors affecting the popularity of ample worldwide destinations......................................................9
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism sector considered as one of the best developing organizations across
the globe. These sorts of industries mainly involves different types of services like entertainment,
transportations, accommodations, reservations, beverages and food, recreation and many other.
In consistency of this factor there are lots of visitors across the globe along with take different
services from such kind of industry in order to reach their targeted destinations. This assignment
is based on patterns and trends in relation with travel and tourism sector. Moreover, development
of travel and tourism industry and their elements pertaining tourism experience. There are
several factors of tourist behaviour will get covered. At last, key trends and current patterns in
travel and tourism and factors that affect current level of popularity and several global
destinations will get covered (Baka, 2016).
TASK 1
P1 Key milestones in the development of travel and tourism industry
Travel and tourism sector plays significant role within the every human’s life as they
provide ample number of services to customers and satisfy them. In this it has been perceived
there are lots of key milestones that have shaped travel and tourism in a perfect way in which
these sorts of industries are playing their every function in an effective mode within the
economy. There are different types of key milestones that affect overall travel and tourism sector
globally, those are as follows:
Pre 1945 Era: Before 19th century these industries was offering elementary services to
their visitors. Now a days travel and tourism industries having so many facilities like
accommodation emerged, laundry, F&B arrangements and many more. Apart from this, travel
agents are adopting numerous holiday package services for their consumers (Baker, 2014).
Mid 1945-79 Era: In this era, main important aspect of tourism industries was
developing best network relations with their competitors through reviewing expansion and
growth of their business. Moreover, the edge between transportation firm like railways as well as
airlines started direct communication method with tourism sector so that they can give better
services to their clients.

1980 to Present Era: Within the current passing time, travel and tourism industries are
mainly engaged with several kinds of services such as holiday packages, tour packages and many
more to give attractive services to their customers. In addition to this, this sector also focusing on
came up with additional facilities such as health and travel insurance, car on rents and so on.
Through giving such kind of services the main of this sector is to gain huge experience so that
they can sustain their business across the globe. Apart from this, they are needed to boost their
working level through seeking GDP rates globally. On the other side, if talk about present there
are so many tour operators who increases their services globally (Boniface, Cooper and Cooper,
2016).
P2 Different elements of travel and tourism industry and interrelation
Travel and tourism industry having different types of modules which is used to offer in
this sector in a perfect way that affect overall behavioral patterns of consumers. In regards with
this, there are few elements those are most important, mentioned in beneath:
Transportation: Travel and tourism industry commonly have transportation services with
the several kind of ways like road, water, air or foot. It allows visitors to explore and experience
better holiday packages ever. Thus, this factor plays significant role within tour and travel
industry which always satisfy their client’s needs and wants on time. Additionally, it gives
effective experience to all visitors so that they can implements their plan during travelling in
relation with particular tour package.
Travel Agent: These are considered as an essential individual who always have
responsibility towards arranging and panning best holiday package for their visitors through
selection of best destination along with consumer’s wants. Apart from this, providing best tour
for customers’ travel agents needs to ensure that they can have beautiful experience while
travelling.
Attractions: It includes several locations like historical places, monuments, pilgrimage
place and many more. These assorted attraction points always influence visitors in a positive way
so that they can recall it for long time. When travellers visit these types of locations they can get
attracted and keep themselves happy (Dickinson and et. al., 2014).

Accommodations: It plays significant role within the travel and tourism sector which
consists several services in regards with motel, hotel and many other. The main purpose behind
these assorted services is to provide best comfortable trip to visitors every time so that they can
get hue satisfaction and able to give great feedback. Apart from this, with the help of this factor
travel and tourism sector can easily provide better services to their clients through giving best
room services along with they also provide so many facilities needed by customers at that time.
It makes better experience of visitors and increase profit for travel and tourism industries.
From the above mentioned factor those are playing essential role within travel and
tourism sector. Thus, it can be said that if tourism sector provide better services to visitors all the
time so that they can easily satisfy them at end level. Apart from this, through giving huge
facilities to customers always increase firm’s value in front of them and increase their confidence
level towards them. For this, travel industries should always opt innovative ideas in order to
provide huge services so that they can sustain long time and able to offer their services globally
(Forno and Garibaldi, 2015).
TASK 2
P3 Several factors that influence tourism behaviour
There are different types of factors that commonly affect overall behaviour of visitors at
particular place. There are few examples in regards with Greece, those are as follows:
Social factor: Regularly changes within the place in which all type of customer’s had
several demand and needs. On the other side, this type of situation can make both positive and
negative impact on travel and tourism industries along with tourism destination. Furthermore,
modifications within several quality or amenities can be essential reasons of tourism behaviour
in Meteora, Greece due to tourists are not able to gain attractiveness among desired destination.
It directly decline overall revenue of tourism industry developed by tourists of Greece.
Geographical factor: There are numerous changes like weather conditions, negative
environments and many more. As per this, tourism sector has huge pressure form several
changes so that they mainly face few issues and not able to provide better services. Additionally,
Greece, tourism sector generally have huge visitor on daily basis. Thus, they can get influence

and able to develop best profit or revenue in a particular location and satisfy tourism needs as
well.
Cultural factor: It includes different values, norms, language, several cultural aspects in
regards with destination and so on. These assorted factors can have directly impact on tourism
behaviour. Moreover, within the Greece it has been analyzed that there are few historical places
which is considered as most essential locations for visitors. Thus, they have positive impact and
can easily develop best profit or increase more destination of tourist so that they can enjoy their
holiday (Ghimire, 2013).
P4 Models of motivation and their influence on consumer decision making process
Motivation refers to the various factor all that influence overall behaviour and interest of
visitors within the travel and tourism sector. Herein, tourist operator has responsibility to adopt
or implements several kind of motivational factor so that they can easily influence tourists and
able to achieve desired goals and objectives in an effective manner. There are two models of
motivational factor those are mentioned in beneath:
Vroom’s Expectancy theory: This theory was given by Vroom’s Victor in order to get
best results through reviewing so many options with the aim of increasing employee’s
performance based on skills, personality, experience and abilities through giving them huge
motivation. According to the expectancy theory, tour agents are able to get huge motivations
which encourage them towards providing better services to their visitors in an appropriate
manner. With the help of this they can become more successful industry within the competitive
scenario (Hudson and Thal, 2013). Along with it gives better results for future by which they can
adopt more unique things that satisfy every visitor till end level. Within the next factor of this
theory tour operator manage their work accordingly through gaining so many benefits and
rewards. Lastly, in reference with valence factor tour agent feels highly motivates as they mainly
get their desired results and achieve targeted goals. Through applying such kind of motivation
model within tourism sector, tour operators can get huge motivation and able to offer numerous
services to their visitors that increase their profit level for future.

Maslow’s Hierarchy Theory: This theory generally depends upon several needs and
wants of consumers. There are five stages of this theory followed by tour operator in order to
give huge satisfaction and develop better decision making process. Those are as follows:
Physiological needs: According to this initial stage, tour operators mainly seeks basic
needs of their visitors like food, water, shelter and many more so that they can fulfill them as per
the requirement during the trip.
Social needs: In this tour operator requires to focus on organizing better trip for their
tourists so that they can travel in a better way and able to feel free share their issues with them.
Safety needs: This is one of the major factor in which every tour operator needs to
develop safe and secure environment for travellers so that they are not needed to face any kind of
problem while travel (Lee and Brahmasrene, 2013).
Esteem needs: It defines that tour operator needed to satisfy every traveller’s needs or
demand first through offering luxurious tours and trips for them. By considering esteem needs
they can achieve their targeted goals in an effective manner.
Self-actualization needs: In this last stage, tour operator must needed to create numerous
things like giving better experience to travellers so that they can develop their skills as well as
knowledge towards particular location. For this, tour operator also needs to provide great
packages so that they can give huge satisfaction to them and they can enjoy their trip without any
issues. It directly increase travel industries value in front of them.
On the other side, through focusing on such kind of needs and wants of travellers, tour
operator able to develop best decision by which they can get good profit and better revenue. It
also develops or maximizes purchase of their holiday packages. If tourists get huge satisfaction
than travelling service provider automatically meet their desired goals along with able to offer
more locations to their visitors in future within short period of time. Thus, for travel industries
always essential to satisfy their visitors time to time through developing and providing affordable
tour packages so that they can satisfy them timely and able to increase their income level within
the competitive market scenario. Therefore, this can be said that tour operator always make
positive decision towards consumer’s so that they can increase their value (Meyer, 2013).

TASK 3
P5 Determine emerging and recent patterns and trends in global travel and tourism industry
As per the current scenario of time, travel and tourism sector has globally expanded with
the large number of emerging trends and several patterns. There are few trends and patters are
explained below:
Current trends and patterns within global travel and tourism industry
Personalisation: It is most considerable trend used globally within the international
travel and tourism sector (Noti, 2013). According to the modern world scenario, there are ample
numbers of travellers who always experience new things and meet their desired destinations day
to day. Herein, travel and tourism industry has responsibility to provide better accommodations
during destination to their visitors so that they can satisfy them. Thus, tour operator personalizes
tour and gives better experience as per customer’s demand. Therefore, it is easiest way for
travellers to select mode of transportation, locations and hotels accordingly. It makes them
satisfactory and influence positively.
Solo travel: This is one of the known emerging trends within the travel and tourism
sector globally. In this, travellers generally prefer to option of solo holiday package through
reviewing applications by using different online websites.
Online booking: Within the modernization of world, tourist always refer online booking
system in order to get instant booking towards desired destination of them. Along with they
generally seek several apps via mobile phones so that they can get required results (Mowforth,
and Munt, 2015).
Emerging patterns and trends within global travel and tourism sector
Eco-tourism: This emergent trend directly influences travel and tourism industry. It
commonly involves so many situations considered as opportunities for visitors as they can
experience more place. Thus, eco-tourism becomes more essential for visitors.
Bleisure Travel: It is most considerable emerging trend throughout the travel and
tourism sector internationally. Herein, travelling business as well as vacations is mainly mixed in

order to formulate better experience in which visitors are able to implements their work during
their holiday demand within particular time frame.
Robot: Intellectual subtracting is the tarmac mode of every industry within the economy.
In the context of travel and tourism sector, robots are being used by them in order to give
effective and attractive services to their customers. By following such kind of robotics equipment
they can manage their overall operations timely but at the same time they needed to have
sufficient cost of amount in order to execute several task in single time (Munoz-Leiva
Hernández-Méndez and Sánchez-Fernández, 2012).
TASK 4
P6 Factors affecting the popularity of ample worldwide destinations
Within the current scenario there are numerous factors in every places that affect overall
international destinations and popularity along with their sustainable growth. In the context of
travel and tourism industries, it has been observed that, external factors have huge power as they
control overall performance of industry that involves customers, government and many more.
Some of the factors are mentioned below:
Relatives and friend’s reviews: Every people or individual mainly discusses every issue
or happiness with their family members or friends once they visited particular place across the
globe. For this, it has been reviewed that if person thinks about visit Greece then he/she will
definitely discuss their friends or family in order to gain huge knowledge about travel and
tourism industries by which they can travel properly.
Appealing advertising and marketing: According to this factor destination popularity
should always be there. Within the world there are so many destinations which are going to be
become more famous and favorite’s place of tourists (Page and Hall, 2014). Herein, travel and
tourism industry needed to make better packages for their visitors by taking government
authorities on that. For example: Eiffel Tower is one of the best destination which mainly
advertise via central government so that it directly develop huge awareness within people’s mind
along with it is popular place to visit so it influence people positively.

Discounts and offers: Within every industry it is necessary to keep so many discounted
offers in order to satisfy people. But on the other side, sometimes, travel and tourism sectors are
not able to put offers or any kind of discounts due to lack of packages so that it creates their
negative image also influence overall growth of their business (Standing, Tang-Taye and Boyer,
2014).
Social factor: These types of factors can be easily understood by the using of Egypt
destination example. This is one of the world famous destination and known as historical
pyramids which directly influence socialism towards customer. In order to maintain this
popularity of Egypt visitors can easily take numerous services from travel and tourism sector.
Thus, social factor develop positive influence on the travel industries.

CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned report it has been concluded that, travel and tourism sector
are most considerable part across the globe. But passing the time this travel sector had put huge
affords before. There are large numbers of elements used by this sector such as numerous
facilities, accommodations and transportation services in order to give better services to their
travellers. These asserted services are interrelated with each other that shows their collaboration
that provide better experience to all visitors. Apart from this there is ample number of models
used by them in order to get motivational aspects so that they can develop better decision in
order to offer better trip to their visitors. Moreover, considering all current and future trends they
can achieve their desired results as they always satisfy travellers a lot.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Baka, V., 2016. The becoming of user-generated reviews: Looking at the past to understand the
future of managing reputation in the travel sector.Tourism Management. 53. pp.148-
162.
Baker, D. M .A., 2014. The effects of terrorism on the travel and tourism industry. International
Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage. 2(1). p.9.
Boniface, B., Cooper, R. and Cooper, C., 2016. Worldwide destinations: The geography of travel
and tourism. Routledge.
Dickinson, J. E., and et. al., 2014. Tourism and the smartphone app: Capabilities, emerging
practice and scope in the travel domain. Current Issues in Tourism. 17(1). pp.84-101.
Forno, F. and Garibaldi, R., 2015. Sharing economy in travel and tourism: The case of home-
swapping in Italy. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism. 16(2).
pp.202-220.
Ghimire, K. B. ed., 2013. The native tourist: Mass tourism within developing countries.
Routledge.
Hudson, S. and Thal, K., 2013. The impact of social media on the consumer decision process:
Implications for tourism marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 30(1-2).
pp.156-160.
Lee, J. W. and Brahmasrene, T., 2013. Investigating the influence of tourism on economic
growth and carbon emissions: Evidence from panel analysis of the European Union.
Tourism Management. 38. pp.69-76.
Meyer, D., 2013. Pro-poor tourism: From leakages to linkages. A conceptual framework for
creating linkages between the accommodation sector and ‘poor’neighbouring
communities. In Tourism and the Millennium Development Goals (pp. 131-156).
Routledge.
Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015. Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and
new tourism in the third world. Routledge.
Munoz-Leiva, F., Hernández-Méndez, J. and Sánchez-Fernández, J., 2012. Generalising user
behaviour in online travel sites through the Travel 2.0 website acceptance model. Online
Information Review. 36(6). pp.879-902.
Noti, E., 2013. Web 2.0 and the its influence in the tourism sector. European Scientific Journal,
ESJ, 9(20).
Page, S. J. and Hall, C. M., 2014. The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place
and space. Routledge.

Standing, C., Tang-Taye, J. P. and Boyer, M., 2014. The impact of the Internet in travel and
tourism: A research review 2001–2010. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 31(1).
pp.82-113.