Global Travel and Tourism: Pattern and Trends

Global Travel and Tourism
Pattern and Trends

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Key milestones in development of tourism industry.........................................................3
P2 Elements of tourism industry and their interrelation.........................................................4
M1 Role of tourism elements and their interaction for tourism experience...........................5
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................6
P3 Factors that affect tourism behaviour................................................................................6
P4 Models of motivation and influence on consumer decision making.................................6
M2 Factors underpinning tourist behaviour and impact on decision making process...........8
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................8
P5. Recent and emerging patterns and trends in international travel and tourism industry...8
M3 Significance of recent and emerging patterns and trends to travel and tourism industry 9
LO4................................................................................................................................................10
P6 Factors affecting popularity of global destinations.........................................................10
M4 Factors affecting popularity of destinations and level of importance to destination's
popularity’............................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism sector is one of the most apparently growing industries across the
global periphery. This industry is engaged in provision of services such as accommodation,
transportation (air, road, water, foot etc.), entertainment (social halls, churches, mosques, casinos
etc.), boarding, lodging, recreation, car rental, reservations, food & beverage arrangements and
many more. Travel and tourism sector accounts for 10.4% of the Global GDP (Travel & tourism
economic impact 2019 world – WTTC, 2019). In this regard, it is seen that travellers may visit a
destination for leisure or commercial purpose. This sector witnesses a large number of trends and
patterns on a regular basis. These tend to exert influence upon the manner in which companies
operating within this sector offer services to customers.
The present assignment is based on trends and pattern pertaining to travel and tourism
sector. It includes overview of development of this industry along with contribution of elements
in maximization of experiences driven by travellers. Also, it explores the factors that drives
tourists' behavioural pattern. In addition to this, the factors influencing the popularity of global
destinations have been covered in this assignment.
LO1
P1 Key milestones in development of tourism industry
Travel and tourism sector has evolved to a great extent over the period of last 70-80
years. It has witnessed certain key milestones that have shaped the way in which the concerned
industry today functions within the confines of an economy (Standing, Tang-Taye and Boyer,
2014). Such key milestones along with their influence over global travel and tourism sector are
explained as follows:-
Pre 1945 era: Prior to the 19th century, the respective industry was just providing basic
services to clients. However, with the passage of time, additional facilities such as laundry, F&B
arrangement, accommodation emerged. Also, travel agents hereby came up with affordable
holiday packages for clients.
Mid (1945-1979) era: Hereby, the key emphasis of tourism companies was upon building
networking with rival firms in same industry, with a view to facilitate growth and expansion.
Further, the interface between transportation industries such as airlines as well as railways began

setting communication with tourism sector to provide effective customer services (Page and
Hall, 2014).
1980 to Present era: At the present time, tourism industry is engaged in provision of
personalised holiday and tour packages to clients to appeal to them in an effective manner.
Further, the concerned sector also came up with additional services such as rental car, travelling
insurances, health care facilities etc. These types of offerings are aimed at inflating the
experience driven by tourists across the global periphery (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). They tend
to provide an overall boost to the contribution of travel and tourism sector to the Global GDP.
Also, nowadays, a large number of tour operators capitalise upon the heritage, historical past and
culture of destinations to appeal to public at large and thereby enhance the stake of this sector in
global economy.
A number of developments have taken place within the confines of travel and tourism
sector over the course of time, such as rental car, travelling insurance, health care facilities,
personalised holiday and tour packages, heritage travelling, cultural tourism. These
developments have shaped the growth of travel and tourism sector and facilitated an increment in
the existent level of sales as well as profits.
P2 Elements of tourism industry and their interrelation
Travel and tourism sector comprises of several components that tend to provide support
to this industry in positively affecting the behavioural patterns of customers. In this regard, some
of the elements which are significant to the concerned sector are briefly described as follows:-
Accommodation: This is a crucial element of respective sector which illustrates the
provision of services related to hotel, motel and so on (Swarbrooke and Horner, 2012).
Accommodation is aimed at assurance of ease and comfort for customers, thereby receiving high
level of satisfaction from them in return. In addition to this, global tourism sector now also
render additional facilities such as food & beverage arrangement, laundry and housekeeping to
retain the clients for long term. This element of travel and tourism industry is regarded as the
most important as this seeks to provide a place to travellers to stay. It creates a pleasant
experience for tourists by equipping the rooms with all the necessary facilities that can provide
them comfortable experience.
Travel agent: These are individuals who hold the responsibility of planning and
arranging the holiday for travellers by selecting destinations as per customer demands. They