Impact of Globalisation on Criminal Justice in Australia

This report explores the negative and positive impacts of globalisation on criminal justice in Australia, including issues such as terrorism, drug trafficking, and organised crime. It discusses the various laws and regulations that have been enacted to address these issues, as well as the role of international bodies such as the United Nations and the International Criminal Court. The report concludes that the criminal justice system must continue to evolve to address the challenges posed by globalisation.

How has globalisation
impacted criminal
justice in Australia?

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
TASK ..............................................................................................................................................4
How has globalisation impacted criminal justice in Australia?..................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Globalisation plays an important role on criminal legal system of Australia. It is highly
socialised and cultural society emphasises mainly to control crime and criminal behaviour.
Globalisation is the revolution that take place to integrate the nation and their people with
multiple countries. It can be possible through various social , economic and political factor of the
nation that put significant factor in making a country globalised. The impact of globalisation in
Australia and on its criminal justice system is visible and complex to provide justice to the victim
and ensure safety of life in the country (Vigh and Sausdal, 2018). The treatment with indigenous
people and non white foreigners by the criminals is evident throughout history till date can
contributes in the globalisation. This report will examine the globalisation impact on criminal
justice system and how it affects human rights of an individual.
TASK
How has globalisation impacted criminal justice in Australia?
Globalisation is the process where world is interconnected to increase the market to deal with
social, economic and cultural growth of the country. The globalisation has negative impact on
the country as it increases global trade, smuggling, fraud, human trafficking, supply of drug,
terrorism and market manipulation. It increase the inequality all around the world. The current
world of industrialization and commercialization ,features the acceleration of human behaviour
and action and cause serious economic problem. Crime is the main issue around the globe. It
creates threat in the society. The main reason behind commission of crime includes fear , social
exclusion, poverty, and emotional condition of an individual. Crime is a human conduct that has
several cause and effect on the society. Many policy and penal system was developed in relation
to minimise crime rates. The gap between the thoughts , views between the people of different
communities, age , nation etc., contributes in crime rates. The human is said to be social well
being and needs care and affection of the people but sometimes factors like inequality , lack of
basic livelihood, the individual indulges into serious act or omission that are illegal by the
government through any legislation and statutes (Joseph and Hartwig, 2020). The consequences
of modernity and technology concerns the society through its contribution in crime rates.

The word 'fear of crime' is not defined under any law but it demonstrate the situation where
human life is under risk and threatened due to human conduct . The crime increase the level of
victimization and inter community conflict in the society. It involves emotional state that
endanger the life of an individual. The sense of fear and loss are always detect among the victims
and includes men , women and child against them, offences are committed. The concept of
crime and victimization are interconnected to each other because it affects the person against
whom the crime is actually committed.
The terrorism is the global issue that involves an act that not only threatened the
government but the entire nation. The use of heavy weapons for constituting terrorism danger the
life of the citizens . The war on terrorism not only violates human right of an individual to live
with dignity instead involves torture with human body . Australia has observed the new laws to
deal with the threat of terrorism (Mulherin, 2019). The anti terror laws has been enacted to
address the issue of terror attacks in the country. Due to excessive terror attacks on the country,
the government enacted the majority of counter terrorism legislation to protect the citizens from
death, bodily harm and ensure safety of life. The criminal code Act of 1995 was introduced to
make prominent law against terrorism and penalise the terror for such acts.
Global crime is identified as new concept that not only affects national social , economy and
political aspect but also harms the society at large. The issue related to drug trafficking is the
new problem of today's generation which take place and seize in various nation and contributes
in increasing international crime. The production and consumption of drugs observed to be
increase in Australia and make person addicted of it. Drug and Crime are the serious problem in
Australia causes drug related health issues. The illegal use of illicit drugs increases the risk of
serious body reactions and overdose of such drugs sometime causes death . The Australia
legislative body frames many laws and impose penalty for illegal supply of drugs. The
government observed that these drug are supply through black marketing and network chain
helps to trade drug for its consumption (van de Ven, Dunn and Mulrooney, 2020). The
legislative framework punished an accused with strict imprisonment for supply of such drugs.
Organised crime is a long standing issue for the government agencies and legislative body.
Many jurist and legal bodies tries to develop the legal definition of organised crime. The
organised crime is broad terminology that is used to penalise the accused, enforce the law and
examining the act. In the Australia, migrant smuggling creates gap between existing knowledge

and society behaviour. (Farmer, Curtis and Miller, 2018). In the International law, migrant
smuggling is defined as the facilitation , in relation to directly and indirectly achieve financial
and other monetary benefits through an illegal act of an individual in the nation in which person
does not belong. The definition is developed through various social characteristics and conduct
made by the criminal groups . The crimes involves money laundering, fraud, deception and other
illegal attempts has been made by way of land, sea and air. According to Article 3 of United
Nation Convention against Transnational Organised crime punish the offenders of coercion,
using force, harbouring to commit such illegal out of the control of another person are liable
under such Convention. The reason behind identifying such crime is its illegitimate nature and
impact on global business. However, the smuggling has introduced under International protocol
to criminalize the act and ensure the rights of the individual to protect them from such illegal
act.
The United National Convention allows it member states to recognise the serious criminal act
and structured the important legislation to deal with the crime effectively. The main reason
behind crime rates are the modernization and globalisation of market in the international level
which enables the states to take necessary measure to deal with it. The United Nation
Commission is the regulatory body on Drugs and Crime. It guides and monitors the activities of
the war terrorism and drug related issues to prevent and ensure justice. Another mechanism that
act at international body is International criminal Court (ICC). The International Criminal Court
at Hague is responsible to address the cases related to the serious crime committed against
person and property (Nottage, 2018). The Australian criminal justice system establishes several
enforcement mechanism to end crime and bring harmony and peace in the society. It is important
for court to exercise their jurisdictional power and act in a good faith. They are obliged to apply
principal of Natural justice and equity principles while deciding cases. Australian legislation
must be incorporated to address serious crimes such as slavery, piracy, torture, war crimes etc.
The offences against genocide, against humanity and war is prohibited under the law. The
criminal justice system aims to minimise crime rates and ensure safety of life of its citizens. The
human right are associated with the life of an individual and exist till death. The Universal
Declaration of Human right also provides safety and dignity of citizen. The right to life is the
paramount objective of every nation to promote the economic growth of the country. The

criminal justice system develops transparent legal system to protect their community and their
members from war and terrorism.
CONCLUSION
From this above report, it has been concluded that criminal law aims to protect the rights of
an individual and safeguard the interest of their citizens. The primary function of Australian
government is to protect basic rights of the people . The regulatory body are responsible for
minimising security and reducing risk and threat in the society. The criminal justice system
emerges new era to social, economic and political changes to control the exploitation and
ethnicity in the society. Therefore, the globalisation has negative and positive impact on the
country to promote individualism and freedom of choice within the nation.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Farmer, C., Curtis, A. and Miller, P., 2018. The steady proliferation of Australia’s discretionary
police-imposed patron banning powers: An unsubstantiated cycle of assertion and
presumption. Criminology & criminal justice, 18(4), pp.431-449.
Hughes, C.E., Chalmers, J. and Bright, D.A., 2020. Exploring interrelationships between high-
level drug trafficking and other serious and organised crime: An Australian study.
Global Crime, 21(1), pp.28-50.
Joseph, D. and Hartwig, K., 2020. Insights from Academics Teaching International Students in
Australia. The Qualitative Report, 25(11), pp.4127-4145.
Mulherin, P.E., 2019. Going to war democratically: lessons for Australia from Canada and the
UK. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 73(4), pp.357-375.
Nottage, L., 2018. Product safety regulation. In Handbook of Research on International
Consumer Law, Second Edition. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Sá, C.M. and Sabzalieva, E., 2018. The politics of the great brain race: Public policy and
international student recruitment in Australia, Canada, England and the USA. Higher
Education, 75(2), pp.231-253.
Smith, R.G., 2018. Estimating the costs of serious and organised crime in Australia 2016–17.
van de Ven, K., Dunn, M. and Mulrooney, K., 2020. Performance and image enhancing drug
(PIED) producers and suppliers: a retrospective content analysis of PIED-provider cases
in Australia from 2010-2016. Trends in Organized Crime, 23(2), pp.143-153.
Vigh, H. and Sausdal, D., 2018. The anthropology of crime. In Handbook of political
anthropology. Edward Elgar Publishing.