Project Evaluation: The Great Man-Made River in Libya

This report provides an end-of-project evaluation of Libya's Great Man-Made River (GMMR) project, examining its objectives, achievements, and challenges. The GMMR aimed to improve living standards by supplying freshwater to populated areas via a network of pipelines connected to natural water b...Read More

The great man made
river Libya

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
TASK...............................................................................................................................................3
Main objectives of the project and outline whether they achieve or not if not then why?.........3
Outline any benefits that have been achieved and if these were expected or unexpected..........5
Did the project stay within its original scope? This is the project’s timescale, the budget, and
the projects tolerances.................................................................................................................6
Changes made in the original plan and what are their impacts on the original plan .................7
Recommendations.......................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
The need and importance of the freshwater are increasing day by day as the level of freshwater
are decreasing regularly due to the excessive use and wastage. There are also some other other
reason are present which decreases the level of freshwater such as increasing population of the
world which is one of the most biggest reason. Almost the major part of the earth are covered by
the water but this water are not sufficient for the usage because it is not freshwater and the level
of freshwater are very few. The importance of the freshwater are very high as all the activities of
the human life are very conduct due to the usage of the fresh water. There are many countries are
present in the world where the level of freshwater are at its low and Libya is one of them. The
life style of the country are disturbed due to lack of freshwater. There are many consequences are
present which is faced by the country such as civil war of 2011 and increasing level of
population of the country. All these factors has negative impacts on the level of freshwater. To
deal with the lack of freshwater, the government of the country has developed systematic plan to
develop effective water supply from the man made river. The name of the project is “ The great
man made river”. Under this project the government of Libya has developed 25 year plan where
the government has developed pipeline between Nubian sandstone to al the populated cities of
the country. Freshwater are supplied from these pipelines. The main aim of this project is to
improve the lifestyle of peoples and solve the problem of freshwater from the country.
TASK
Main objectives of the project and outline whether they achieve or not if not then why?
The Great man made river is a project developed by the government of the Libya with different
types of objectives. All the objectives of the project has one ultimate objectives which is the
welfare of the society. The development of the objectives is one of the important part of the
project because it provided direction to all the stakeholders of the project. No the project can be
successful without the development of objectives. There are number of objectives are developed
by the management of the projects and the brief discussion related to the objectives of the project
are given below:
 One of the most biggest objectives behind the development of this project is to improve
the standard of living of the country. The life style of the peoples are not so good as the
life of the people are very distracted from the civil war and other negative aspects of the

country. Government of the country has try to improve their lifestyle by providing them
considerable freshwater so that all the activities of their life can be fulfilled effectively.
 There are four natural basin are present in the country where the storage of fresh water
are high. The main goal of the management to connect these water basins to all the
populated cities and towns cities of the country (Lloyd, 2020) . The main plan of the
management is to established pipeline between these basins to all the towns of the
country.
 The main objectives of the management is to complete this project within 25 years of
time frame.
 The aim of the management is to strengthen the agriculture of the country by providing
them considerable water supply. This helps the farmers to grow effective crop and makes
good revenue by selling them in the market.
 There are different types of challenges and barriers are faced by the people and the aim of
the management is to minimise all the peoples and provides considerable life style.
As the country of the Libya has suffered from different types of wars and political disturbances
which makes very difficult for the success of the project. There are different types of wars and
air strikes are happened in the country due to terrorism interference in the country. There are
some events are happened in the country which disables the objectives of the country. The brief
discussion related to the same are given below:
 In the year 2011, country of Libya has faced their first civil war which hit the country
very badly. The work of the pipeline are very huge and the development of the pipeline
are conducted in two plants. One of the production plant named Brega plant are hit by
NATO air strikes which stops the production of the pipelines and makes very difficult
for the management to continue the project.
 The country of the Libya also faced blunder consequences from the second civil war in
the country in the year 2014 to 2020. this civil war has impacted the water facilities of
the country very badly. It is estimated from the report that the western pipelines of the
country which creates many problem for the people of the country in context of the water
facilities.

 On the date of 10 April 2020, some armed forces has seized the water of the Tripoli and
other neighbouring towns. This creates many problem for the peoples because the supply
of over two million people are cut down. United Nations and other committess has
condemned this act.
Outline any benefits that have been achieved and if these were expected or unexpected
The overall objectives of the project management are very strong and attractive which enables
the development of country at international arena (Joffé, 2020) . The list of benefits are very
long as the project are connected with the welfare of the country. If the unexpected things which
was happened in the country. The brief discussion related to these discussion are given below:
 The air strikes which is faced by the country If not happened then the pipeline spread by
the management has worked efficiently and the supply of the water in the country
remains to be regular which satisfy the needs of different stakeholders of the country.
 The main objectives of the government behind the development of this project is to
provide support to the agriculture of the country. If the plan becomes successful then the
farmers of the country get the supply of freshwater which enables them to cultivate the
effective crops and improves their life style.
 The standard of living of the country are very bad as the people of the country are
suffered from many negative aspects such as civil wars and any more. These negative
aspect of the country has disturbed the life style of the people. If the main objectives of
this project becomes satisfied then the life style of the peoples becomes improve.
 The people of the country has faced water scarcity and low level of water supply in the
country, the main aim of the management to provide considerable supply of water and
deal with the negative impacts of low level of freshwater.
 There are many natural sources of fresh water are present in the country but there is no
proper way to provide this water to local cities and towns. The management of the project
want to spread pipeline between these sources to local towns so that the need of
freshwater can be satisfied.
 The management of the project has serious plan to improvise all the present water houses
so that the supply of the water can be effective. The negative aspects such as air strikes
and civil wars has disable the management to achieve their goals and objectives.

 The management of the projects has develop smart objectives under which the the great
man made river project will be completed in 25 years time period. But within these years
the country becomes war zone which restrict the completion of the project.
Did the project stay within its original scope? This is the project’s timescale, the budget, and the
projects tolerances
The project of The great man made rive Libya are one of the great project which enables the
country to achieve the pace of growth. It is very important to analyse the varacity of the project
and makes them superior for the people. The brief discussion related to the same are given
below:
The management of the project has a target to complete the project within 25 years of the time
scale. The project of the country was developed in the year 1983 and the main project was started
in the year 1984. there are number of challenges has to faced by the management in their
working till 2011 but they have solved all the challenges as the scope of the problems are not so
high. Till the year 2011 almost two or three phases has completed of the project (Bennett, 2019)
. In the year 2011, an intended civil war was strated in the country which negatively impacts the
veracity and time frame of the projects because one of the plant which are responsible for the
production of pipeline are destroyed in NATO air strikes which provide negative push to the
project.
The management of the project has developed one of the effective budget for the project under
which the management has estimated the budget of the project is about 41 billion dollars which
is one of the effective budget to conduct any project. There are some factors are analysed by the
management which can impact the budget of the project because the time taken by the project are
very high which is 25 years. The time frame set by the management are considerable for all the
internal and external factors to be changed. One of the dominating which the management
analyses from this project is the increasing rates of goods and services. The threat of changing of
suppliers has an potential to overspend the project. The management of the project has faced
many difficulties in relation to the pricing and budget of the project. The prices of the material
are has get great hike in the year 2000 which enables the management of the project to increase
the spending of the project.
The management of the project The great man made river Libya has made some assumptions of
their project. The importance of these points are very high as the managers of the projects

assumes to be stable at the time of working on the project. The instability of these assumptions
are very negative for the projects and becomes threat for the completion of the project. The
frequency of these assumption are very high which becomes the question for the existence of the
project. The management of the project has assume the full support from the government of the
Libya. The intervention and support of the government in this particular project are very
important as the project requires different types of permissions and funds are arranged by the
government (Bancroft-Hinchey, 2019). The happening of the civil wars and other negative
aspects which is happened in the country has make many political disturbances in the country. It
is assumed by the management that the budget of the project has potential to deal with the
constraints assumed by the company. The budget plays a important role in the success of the
project in the market which is very important for the bear of expenses. The changes in the
financial constraint can lead to great failure of the project.
Changes made in the original plan and what are their impacts on the original plan
The management of the project of Great man made river of Libya has developed effective
planning of the projects. The management of the project has taken effective has take long time to
make the plan for the project which is around 1 year. The management has done deep research of
the market so that effective strategies can be developed. The process of the planning has played
important role in the success of the project as they involves effective planning for the project.
There are some points are present in projects which assumes by the management to be stable in
the project but the changes in these factors has enable the management to make changes in their
original plan. The management of the project has assumes the prices of the raw material and
suppliers to be stable but the prices of the same are increased by the huge number which makes
the project more expensive for the management. The main plan of the management is to spread
the pipeline in the country. Some new areas and cities are increased in between the project so
that the management of the projects has to make the changes in their plan.
The impacts of these changes made by the management in their original plan are positive on the
consistency of the projects because the budget of the project are developed in such a way which
are ready for these changing trends. One of the biggest negative factor which impact the project
is the happening of civil war in the country. These civil war has destroyed the working of the
project and also the number of water houses developed in the original plan of the project.

Recommendations
The Great man made river are the largest water pipeline project of the world which has
developed an attractive water and irrigation structure in the country (Abuazza, 2019). The
management of this project has developed effective planning for the success of the projects. The
management of the project has completed the three phases of the project before 2011 and
becomes successful but the happening of Civil war in the 2011 makes difficult for the
management to complete the other phases of the project. It is required to make the
recommendation on these so that effective and efficient projects can be done and the
development of the nation can be made.
 It is recommended to the government of the countries that they limit their wars and
political differences away from the projects of the welfare of society because it is not
fitted to the humanitarian ground.
 It is recommended to the universal bodies that they develop strict rules related to those
events under which the armed forces has attack on the water houses of the Libya and
shuts the supply of water under which the life of million of people are on the threat.
CONCLUSION
This report is based on the assessment of The great man made river of Libya which is one of the
most biggest projects of the world. This report provide critical evolution of the challenges and
barriers of the project. It is concluded from this project that the objectives of the given project
can be made effectively.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abuazza, O.A., 2019. Development of an auditing framework by integrating ISO 9001: 2015
principles within auditing: a case study of the Great Man-made River Project Authority
in Libya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Portsmouth).
Bancroft-Hinchey, T., 2019. Libya: Devastation at the hands of NATO. Guardian (Sydney),
(1870), p.12.
Bennett, P., 2019. Notes from Libya. Libyan Studies, 50, pp.189-196.
Joffé, G., 2020. Where does Libya go now?. The Journal of North African Studies, 25(1), pp.1-7.
Lloyd, J.W., Binsariti, A., Salem, O., El Sunni, A., Kwairi, A.S., Pizzi, G. and Moorwood, H.,
2020. The groundwater assessment for the Western Jamahiriya System Wellfield, Libya.
In Hydrogeology (pp. 258-269). CRC Press.
Mohamed, A., 2019. Hydro-geophysical study of the groundwater storage variations over the
Libyan area and its connection to the Dakhla basin in Egypt. Journal of African Earth
Sciences, 157, p.103508.
Mundy, J., 2021. Libya: Modern Political History. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African
History.
Mundy, J., 2021. The Libyan Intervention Debate and the Myths of State Sovereignty. Journal of
South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, 44(4), pp.46-53.
Nyirenda, Z.M. and Samuel, H.R., 2020. Experience of arid soils on the Great Man-made River
Project in Libya. In Engineering Characteristics of Arid Soils (pp. 361-388). CRC
Press.
Oxford Analytica, 2020. Conflict focus will worsen Libya's COVID-19 trajectory. Emerald
Expert Briefings, (oxan-db).
Oxford Analytica, 2020. War could leave Libyans without water. Emerald Expert Briefings,
(oxan-db).
Oxford Analytica, Haftar will extend control across southern Libya. Emerald Expert Briefings,
(oxan-db).
Springer Nature Limited and Published annually since 1864, 2020. Libya. The Statesman’s
Yearbook 2020: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World, pp.763-767.

William, M.A., 2020. Globalisation and African migration to Libya. In African Indigenous
Knowledges in a Postcolonial World (pp. 241-259). Routledge.
Zhai, K., Fang, H., Guo, C., Ni, P., Wu, H. and Wang, F., 2021. Full-scale experiment and
numerical simulation of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe with broken wires
strengthened by prestressed CFRP. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,
115, p.104021.