Analysis of Heritage and Cultural Management in the Tourism Industry

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of heritage and cultural management within the travel and tourism industry. It begins by exploring the growth and development of the heritage and cultural sector, highlighting the significance of cultural sites in the UK and the role of government in preservation. The report then delves into potential conflicts in conserving heritage and cultural resources, using the case study of Lhasa, Tibet, to illustrate conflicts between local and national governments and the impact of tourism on heritage sites. The report further examines how heritage and cultural attractions meet the needs of diverse customers, using the British Museum and the Natural History Museum as examples. Finally, it discusses the impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage sites and the roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry. Overall, the report underscores the importance of heritage and cultural management for sustainable tourism and the need for effective strategies to address conflicts and meet customer expectations.

Contents
Introduction ...............................................................................................................................2
Task 1 ........................................................................................................................................3
P 1.1 Growth and development of the heritage and cultural industry....................................3
P 1.2 Potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources....................4
Task 2 ........................................................................................................................................7
P 2.1 Consider the reason of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of
different customers.................................................................................................................7
Task 3 ........................................................................................................................................9
P 3.1 Impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and cultural
sites.........................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry..........10
Task 4.......................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural industry for
tourists..................................................................................................................................12
Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................14
References list..........................................................................................................................15
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Introduction
The report is based on the Heritage and the cultural management as well as the role of
heritage in the travel and tourism industry. While completing the assignment the learner will
be able to know various perspectives and definitions of heritage. In recent times a new
combination of words in order to look at tourism planning more methodically is heritage
tourism. However, people can mix these two terms heritage and history, though they are not
the same thing. But heritage and history are inextricably associated, although they must be
illustrated in diverse experience. The development of heritage is based on the process of how
heritage is applied, enhanced and understood.
The assignment has been divided into four tasks in order to understand the different points
related to the heritage travel and tourism industry. Each task will describe the different points
such as growth, development as well as roles and responsibilities of the heritage and cultural
industry in travel and tourism industry.
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Task 1
P 1.1 Growth and development of the heritage and cultural industry
In this section of the assignment the discussion is based on the growth and development of
the heritage and cultural industry. In recent times the development and growth has taken
place in the heritage and culture of UK in the travel and tourism industry.
According to Danis, (2015, p.67), the Heritage and culture industry, mostly possess the
factors like history, culture, as well as the ethical significance of the place. This heritage and
cultural industry in travel and tourism has participated immensely in the direction of pride,
economic development as well as stability in the country. There are various places of cultural
and heritage significance in UK like, Big Ben, Castles, Stonehenge, London museums,
Roman Empire in Germany Buckingham Palace and many other places. These have made
heritage more essential to be preserved for the tourism industry for its growth and
development. The government also plays a vital role in preserving the heritage of the country
as travel and tourism industry contributes enormously in the GDP of the country (Ioannides,
2012, p.90).
Government of the Country as well as the local government of a particular area in the country
has also played significant role in the growth and development in the heritage. It has been
noticed that in previous times people used to travel with the purpose of visiting different sites
with a spiritual perspective. However, the development has taken place with the perspective
of travelling, as now a day’s people are also interested to know about the heritage and culture
of their ancient times. This has also enlarged the market of the travel and tourism industry.
With the changes carried out in social, political and economical factor of the country the
popularity of cultural heritage tourism as well as the heritage product demands has increased.
In the beginning, people used to travel to diverse locations with the motive of exploring local
culture. Their trips use to be classified as the cultural tourism, as per the suggestion of (Kozak
& Andreu, 2009, p.145).
In the framework of modern tourism, the development and growth in the cultural heritage has
taken place as a prominent part of the tourism industry. Since the last few decades, the desire
to witness more authentic experiences has increased. The industry of cultural heritage tourism
is specifically appealing for abundant motives. Although, the most popular one is the
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products nature that gives stress over the exceptionality and uniqueness characteristic of
culture heritage. Therefore, with the extensive acknowledgment, cultural and heritage
possessions have been changed and promoted as tourism products. Accordingly, the hard
work of numerous destinations to improve their competitiveness and attractiveness has also
taken place for developing their travel and tourism industry (Lean, Staiff & Waterton, 2013,
p.89).
P 1.2 Potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources
Introduction
Tourism is not simply a profitable performance it is also an intellectual outline of tradition,
history, and nature; an outline which possesses the strength to reform the culture and nature
as per the requirements. The relationship between heritage and tourism is an important
subject for understanding the current situation of the travel and tourism industry.
Lhasa
The topic of discussion in the section of the assignment is based on the potential conflicts in
the conservation of the heritage and cultural resources. For continuing the discussion the case
study of Lhasa, Tibet has been focused by the learner. In order to conduct the research the
learner has to look at the potential conflicts those are facing by the Lhasa, Tibet in conserving
the heritage and cultural resources.
Lhasa, one of the most popular international tourism places where people get the chance to
experience various unique intangible cultures. The government of China has understood
certain potentialities of Tibet as well as certain large-scale projects are presently deliberated.
With this project and other involvement of the national government the confliction has taken
place. The local government and the national government of China are not cooperating with
each other. Additionally, both of the government want to control the travel and tourism
industry of Lhasa as it is most popular and beneficial destination for the industry, as per the
opinion of (McManamon & Hatton, 2011, p.781). The differences of local and national
government may affect to the conservation of the heritage and cultural resources.
With the help of this case, it is possible to understand the circumstances that the country and
its heritage have to face. Therefore, the focus shifts towards the UK travel and tourism
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industry, this case study will help to reflect their situation. The country UK consists of
various cities and there are numerous heritage and cultural locations which may attract the
tourists (Middleton, Fyall & Morgan, 2009, p.156). However, with constant increase in the
population of the tourists the maintenance of the heritage has become a huge point of
confliction among the local and national government.
The potential conflict is about the differences of opinion regarding the topic and here in UK
there are uncountable locations for heritage travel and tourism. However, the possibilities of
conflicts may arise while maintaining these heritage resources. The key confliction is the
theme park on the outskirts where the confliction has taken place due to the inferences of
different government (Park, 2013, p.9).
Some other reasons behind the complications are migration of people from one location to
another of the country, unevenly allocations as well as constant growth in the population has
added pressure to the cultural and heritage belongings. In several locations of Lhasa, the
advancement of the technology and more set up of industrial sector have made it mandatory
for the people to leave the place and to migrate to a different location. With the growth of
population in the heritage site can affect the environment of the country (Smith, 2009, p.15).
Furthermore, the other identified issues that has been generate due to the interference of
different opinions is, the planning of the hotel. The confliction has taken place in the
formation of new Hotel which is one of the largest projects in the particular location. Due to
these commercial intensification, heritage is facing pressure, which is generating confliction
that has been taking place due to the decision of the national government regarding the new
projects in the city. Moreover, in UK advancement of technology may not be the issue, but
the possibilities of conflicts may arise with the distribution of profit among the local and
national government.
The other confliction factor is renovation, this factor affect the maintenance of the heritage
property. With the analysis, the learner is able to understand the possible conflicts that may
take place in the travel and tourism industry. It can be said that the conflicts may arise not
merely among the government, but also conflicts can take place due to the violation of
international laws as well as differences of the countries may also create conflicts in the
tourism industry (Spirek & Scott-Ireton, 2013, 189).
Conclusion
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With overall research it can be said that the government as well as the private sector must
contribute possibly to improve the heritage and culture of the country. It is essential for the
government to concentrate over the heritage and culture of the country to develop the travel
and tourism industry.
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Task 2
P 2.1 Consider the reason of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of
different customers
In this section of the assignment the discussion is based on the reason behind the heritage and
cultural attractions in order to come across with the desires of different consumers. This task
of the report will be based on the experiences as well as the observation that has been gained
by the trip of the British Museum and The Natural History Museum.
(Timothy, 2009, p.167) has commented that, People those have interest to explore their
knowledge and to observe more about heritage and culture; they spend more for travelling to
visit different places. They expect to learn more information and to gather more information
regarding heritage and culture of the country. But due to any reason if they are not satisfied or
if their needs are not meet then it can affect the travel and tourism industry.
The British museum is one of the most reputed museums internationally, which is dedicated
to the history of human. The purpose of this museum is to preserve the art and culture of the
country. People’s expectations from this museum are to learn more about the culture, art as
well as the human history of the country. The museum deals with the details of the earlier
historical information which can help the public to learn their traditional art. The museum
large building and the unique formation have attracted many tourists towards the museum.
The museum has a place where the cross culture investigation can also take place. The
requirements or the expectations of the public from this museum are to learn and to
understand the value and significance of diverse culture and art. Not merely British culture,
but the museum also consists of the history of different cultures which has attracted more to
the people (Apostolakis & Jaffry, 2009, p.17).
The other museum is the Natural History Museum; this is the world’s most prominent
museum of natural history. The museum shows the enormous range of specimens from
several segments of natural history. The main collections of the museum are palaeontology,
Zoology, mineralogy, botany and entomology. The main purpose of the museum is to provide
information regarding the natural history of the country. People from different place come
here to learn and know more about the history of nature. If they will not get the information
and knowledge which they have expected to obtain then it can affect the amount of visitors in
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the museums. The history of nature at an early age, the process of development in the nature
all these can be learned in this museum (Chirikure, et al. 2010, p.40).
The need of the public from the museum is to know which they have not yet learn or which
they have never experienced. Not merely this, but also to experience which they cannot learn
from the different courses and books. This museum gives student’s different experience of
different topics which help them in their learning. The museums are the most helpful place
for students specifically. With the trip of these two museums very different aspects of culture
and heritage as well as about the nature have been gathered. With the perspective of student
the museums are the most useful place which can help the students with practical knowledge
of the subjects.
With the different collection of the museum different nature of the world can be understood
such as, in zoology the illustration of the development of different animal and animal
diseases can be understood in an accurate way (Cleere, 2015, p.65). Moreover, the
mineralogy subject deals with the scientific study of chemistry, crystal structure, and physical
properties of minerals. In this subject the practical knowledge and information will help the
learner more effectively rather than merely books information. While learning these kinds of
subject the museum is the medium to explore more enormously regarding the subject.
However, it can be understand that how much expectations are there with the museums.
People spend their money in order to learn and understand the correct information regarding
different culture, art, science as well as the different nature of the world.
With this study it is now very much clear that the museums possess the purpose that is to
preserve the correct information regarding the history of the people, the history related to
culture, art, science, technology as well as the history of nature. The museums help to
preserve the information about the heritage of the country as well (Fitzmaurice, 2010, p.385).
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Task 3
P 3.1 Impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and
cultural sites
In this section of the assignment, the discussion has been focused on different types of
ownership. This is true that the different types of ownership have affected the management of
the heritage and cultural sites differently. The research has demonstrated that there are
various forms of ownership and different ownership possess different formats of working.
Every ownership style have own and different style to preserve the heritage and cultural sites
and they work accordingly (Holladay, 2015, p.321). There are certain different kinds of
Ownership such as; Private limited company, Public limited company, unlimited liability, and
limited liability. Each of the ownership is different from one another. These different kinds of
ownership affect or influence the management of the heritage and cultural sites. It is obvious
that it is not possible merely for the government to manage or to maintain the heritage of the
country. The government also needs support from the different owners in order to take the
successful effort to preserve the cultural and heritage site of the country. Travel and tourism
is one of the most important sections that contribute a huge amount into the earning of the
country yearly. Thus, it is important to maintain the different heritage sites in an appropriate
condition so that customers can get attracted. Each of the ownership is different from each
other for instance; if one of the ownership deals with commercial factors the other manages
the public. Ownership of the organization also contributes to meet the mission and values as
well as the objectives of the government regarding the heritage and cultural sites.
Cultural and heritage sites of the country can offer abundant benefits to both tourist and
resident tourism. There are many reasons for conserving the heritage of the country like
education, tourism, and cultural values and economic. Therefore, in tourism section, heritage
tourism is considered to be the most imperative and developing segment. Enhancing the
heritage resources with the motive of tourism may carry out immense remuneration for the
owner’s intricate in this method. Additionally, to certain extent, economic profits like,
financial support for preservation and conservation, socio-cultural outcome like, generating
an optimistic vision and constructing a national individuality have been perceived as an
effectual method of illustrating the requirements of local residents (Miles, 2014, p.140).
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Different ownership possesses impact over the management of heritage and cultural sites in
different ways:
Economical Impact:
The opportunities for employment increased, which increased the income of the residential
public and the government as well as an increased level of protection.
Social Impact:
Boost pride and dignity of the local population and also give a new life to local craft and arts.
Environmental Impacts:
Enhanced infrastructure of the location is the impact over the management of the heritage and
cultural sites.
For an evidence example of any two heritage site can be taken through which it will possible
to demonstrate the impact. The two most designated world heritage sites in UK are Castles
and town walls of King Edward located in Gwynedd and the other one is Frontiers of the
Roman Empire located in northern England and southern Scotland. The impact of
ownership in the management of the heritage and cultural site has also influenced the
business of these two heritage sites. In recent times, these sites are generating huge business
in the tourism industry (Prideaux & Kininmont, 2009, p.300).
Types of heritage ownership
There are two main types of ownership for managing cultural and heritage places.
They are public private ownership and public ownership. For instance, Woodland trust is a
public private ownership and Nature England is managed by public enterprises in United
Kingdom. These two types of heritage ownership have their influence regarding management
and accountability stating for the tourism destinations in UK. The distinction in ownership
for managing the tourist destinations can determined by the main challenges that are faced for
managing these tourist place for these two different type of ownership. The sited which are
funded by the public enterprises are having issues because the subsidy that has remained the
core issue for these enterprises. Thus for giving solutions to the funding issue public private
partnership are very beneficial in which finances can be obtained from various sources for
management of these tourist places and increase the incomes.
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3.2 Roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry
Department for Media
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is considered to be the department of
the government of UK. The department mainly originates from the Department of National
Heritage. In the year 1992 on 11th April, the Department of National Heritage was established
after the Conservative Election Theory. From the information derived, it is clear that the on
14th July 1997, the department was named as the Department for Culture, Media and Sport
under Tony Blair’s Premiership (Silverman, 2013, p.680).
This heritage mainly focuses on the culture as well as Sports in England, along with the
different aspect of the department of media that clearly involves the broadcasting and the
internet as a whole in the UK. This heritage is also responsible for the development of leisure,
tourism and the industries related to creativity. It can be further illustrated that the Olympic
Games and the Paralympics as well that held in the year 2012 was also sponsored by the
Department for Culture, Media and Sport. It also developed the Digital Economy. It can be
stated that the Department for Culture, Media and Sport is considered to be the best region in
Britain that attracts business and offers the most exciting place to visit and stay as well.
English Heritage
Numerous organization is functioning together in order to preserve the historical monuments
and culture in UK one of them is Historic Building and Monument Commission for England.
This is a non government body operating with the purpose of safeguarding historical
buildings and architectures in London. It is also renowned as English Heritage. This is
carrying out the responsibility of conserving several archaeological sites and historical
overwhelm landscapes in the English coasts. It is not merely the responsibility of English
heritage, however, can be taken an effective role in the conservation of animal and plant life
of the country. With the aim of improving the visits of the country they have been assisted
through several specialist services such as giving directions as well as escorts those are
masters and also qualified in some other foreign language. Also, improving the new
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technologies, modifications in attractions and income generation are also one of the
responsibilities. With this the tourist will get help to understand the history, heritage and
culture of the country properly (Vero, 2012, p.370).
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