Hazard Types and Mitigation Plans

HAZARD TYPES AND THE MITIGATION PLANS 1
The Name of the Class (Course)
Professor (Tutor)
The Name of the School (University)
The City and State where it is located
The Date

HAZARD TYPES AND THE MITIGATION PLANS 2
Contents
QUESTION ONE............................................................................................................................3
NATURAL DISASTER..............................................................................................................3
Cross-border disaster................................................................................................................3
Meteorological/ hydrological disasters....................................................................................4
Geomorphological disasters.....................................................................................................4
Biological hazards....................................................................................................................5
Technological/man-made hazards............................................................................................6
QUESTION TWO...........................................................................................................................7
PROS OF DISASTER MITIGATION PLANS...........................................................................7
Planning on various land uses......................................................................................................7
Management of emergencies.......................................................................................................7
Limited future innovations in flood-prone areas..........................................................................7
DISADVANTAGES OF MITIGATION PLANS...........................................................................8
WAYS TO IMPROVE THE PLANS FOR BETTER MANAGEMENT OF DISASTERS...........8
Understanding the community’s vulnerability.............................................................................8
Learning about various agencies and their roles..........................................................................8
Acquiring funding for mitigation.................................................................................................8
Conducting assessments of risks in an area.................................................................................9
Understanding statistics were done on calamities........................................................................9
Planning for all risk types............................................................................................................9
Researching (NGOs) Non-Governmental Organizations............................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10

HAZARD TYPES AND THE MITIGATION PLANS 3
INTRODUCTION
Hazards refer to disasters that cause extensive damage, disruption of the ecology, human
life loss, retardation of health and the services offered to foster healthcare to an extent of a dire
need to involve external response Perry (2018, p. 3-22). The extraordinary rescue team,
therefore, helps to prevent more effects of the calamity. Recently, an upward range in the
consistent effects of disaster has been noticed. Factors that spur up this trends include increased
population rates in the hazard-prone areas, rising investments, and innovations in such areas,
global complexity in terms of their interconnections and the shortcomings of climate change that
contribute to drastic meteorological occurrences Perry (2018, p. 3-22).
These issues have conspired calamity managements to crucial relevant disciplines from
mere research contexts compelled with increased professionalization processes. There is the
existence of guidelines, policies, and standards that plan for future disaster management
irrespective on their non-acceptance as vital models Amponin (2016). From these, firms like the
Disaster Management Consulting (DMC) have been introduced to investigate possible causes,
monitor situations in affected areas and give remedial suggestions related to hazard management
to hamper their recurrences.

HAZARD TYPES AND THE MITIGATION PLANS 4
QUESTION ONE
Based on the analysis of the two case studies, there are different types of hazards mostly
natural and man-made hazards considering the categories of hazards highlighted by the
UNISDR. Natural hazards can cause other hazards within the course of their occurrence. These
include:
NATURAL DISASTER
Floods are naturally occurring events unless with incorporation of human causes. They
lead to other hazard types like:
Cross-border disaster
These are types of hazards that cut across borders of countries leading to severe effects
on the affected areas. In the first case study, the floods begin in Bangladesh where a third of the
land is said to have submerged. Approximately 115 people lost their lives with other 5.7 million
people being affected. The floods extended to Assam, a state in India that borders Bangladesh
claiming the lives of about 180 individuals. The same effects are experienced in Nepal where
141 people had lost their lives while 38,000 settlements had been demolished by the floods.
Emergency plans to counter these effects lay between regional, local and domestic efforts with
less predictability in international sectors. However, there is a necessity in involving the
international aid agents in the supply of relief food, medical facilities and implementation of
right procedures for teamwork in the victim states (Kramer 2009).
Meteorological/ hydrological disasters
These are hazards that originate from factors like too much rainfall that cannot be drained
by soil. In most cases, areas affected by these hazards, mostly floods have clay soils that exhibit