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Health and Physical Education Assignment

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Added on  2020-05-28

Health and Physical Education Assignment

   Added on 2020-05-28

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Running head: BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETBENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Notes
Health and Physical Education Assignment_1
1BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETExecutive SummaryThis report provides information about the importance of both diet and physical activity in theprevention of chronic diseases, particularly among teenagers. Maintenance of a healthy andbalanced diet is highly essential for maintenance of body weight and also reduces the risksassociated with the development of chronic debilitating diseases in the future. Apart from ahealthy diet, physical activity is also highly essential in maintenance of proper physiological andpsychological health. Moreover, proper nutrition is also required during and post exercise inorder to replenish the fuel reserves of the body. Thus, it can be concluded that both physicalactivity and diet are essential in order to carry out health promotion and prevent development ofchronic diseases.
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2BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETTable of ContentsIntroduction......................................................................................................................................3Role of Diet in health improvement and disease prevention...........................................................6Role of Physical activity in health improvement and disease prevention.......................................9Nutritional requirements with specific modes of exercises...........................................................16Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................17Reference List................................................................................................................................19
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3BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETIntroductionPromotion of good health and absence of any medical condition can be brought about bycarrying out regular physical activity among teenagers. The teenage years are the formative yearsand proper nutrition along with good physical activity helps to build a strong foundation foradulthood. According to the Center of Disease Control or CDC, teenagers along with childrenare recommended to carry out 1 hour of physical activity every day (Centers for Disease Controland Prevention 2018). Teenagers suffer from overweight related problems due to as a result ofleading a sedentary lifestyle either in front of the laptop or the television screens. Spending mostof their time engaged in such sedentary lifestyles that results in the teenagers suffering fromoverweight or obesity issues (Ogden et al. 2014).Caloric expenditure is measured by measuringthe heat released by the body or by measuring the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide by thebody. During exercise, the body uses the oxygen to burn the fat and in turn carbon dioxide isproduced (Gebel and Ding 2013). However, another study reported that the concept of fat beingconverted to heat or energy is a misconception. According to them the lungs are the primaryorgans responsible for the excretion of fat. They also indicate that physical activity can bereplaced by eating small quantities of food. They indicate that “Losing weight requires unlockingthe carbon stored in fat cells” (Meerman 2014). Daily physical activities among teenagers canprevent the development of various medical conditions like cardiovascular diseases, type 2diabetes, cancer, obesity, hypertension, osteoporosis, among others (Booth et al. 2012).Moreover, it also improves their bone and muscle strength, helps to control weight, enhance theircardiorespiratory fitness and prevent development of mental problems like depression, anxiety,among others (Booth, Roberts and Laye 2012).
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4BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETPhysical activity and healthy eating habits helps to bring about an overall optimization ofphysical and mental health (Kohl and Cook 2013). However, teenagers usually engage inunhealthy eating and lack of physical activity, which usually results in the development of futuredebilitating medical conditions. Improvement of physical activity and eating habits amongteenagers can be promoted by parents, school-teachers, healthcare professionals, policy makersand by the teenagers themselves. The promotion of physical activity and healthy nutritious eatingcan be carried out by establishing educational programs that stresses on the need of schoolcurriculums, school food services, classes on physical education, community efforts, healthpromotion programs for school staff and faculty and counseling sessions. The integralcomponents of this health education programs include development of environments in schoolsthat promote physical activity and healthy eating, personal trainers, development of schoolpolicies, involvement of family as well as the community in the development of theseeducational curricula and methods for evaluation of the success of such programs (World HealthOrganization 2016). Apart from physical activities, diet also plays an important role. Vitamin Dplays an important role in the growth and development of adolescents. They need 400IU vitaminD daily, which can be obtained from spending 10 minutes per day under the sun and needsupplemental vitamin D as well (Williamson et al. 2017; Black et al. 2014). However, anotherstudy revealed that large doses of vitamin D prevents the increase the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D or is unable to alter the cardiovascular risk factors associated with obeseteenagers (Shah, Wilson and Bachrach 2015). Apart from physical activity a good nutrition is also essential to lead a healthy lifestyle. Ithelps to maintain weight, reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases and also promotesoverall health. Unhealthy diets and overeating results in the development of obesity in children
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5BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETand adolescents. Even with a healthy weight, lack of a healthy diet results in development ofheart diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, among others (HHS.gov 2018). Some of theessential nutrients required by the adolescents are iron, vitamin D and calcium. Obesity isassociated with the consumption of energy dense foods and a sedentary lifestyle. However, a dietthat is rich in fruits, legumes, vegetables and whole grains along with physical activity has beenfound to be effective in preventing obesity (Leech, McNaughton and Timperio 2014). Moreover,overeating or binge eating is associated with increased incidences of obesity among teenagersand also high depressive symptoms. Loss of control is associated with episodes of overeatingamong teenagers (Sonneville et al. 2013). Teenagers engage in unhealthy eating and snack onjunk foods due to their widespread availability, accessibility and affordability. Junk foodscontain very little amount of micronutrients and contain large amounts of fats and sugars (Boylanet al. 2017). A healthy diet for teenagers should lack junk food, fried foods and chocolates andteenagers are required to eat their meals at the desired times as this prevents overeating, smallmeals are to be taken rather than a large meal (Weichselbaum 2017; Dailymail.co.uk 2018).Moreover, having dinner early results in enhanced metabolism. Consumption of water is alsoessential to stay hydrated (Sciencedaily.com 2018). The rationale for choosing the teenage population is that according to the CDC, only21.6% of adolescents participate in physical activities for 5 days in a week. Moreover, only27.1% of teenagers studying in high schools participate in 1 hour of physical activity per day. Inaddition, the number of teenagers participating in physical education classes is also low (Cdc.gov2018). According to the Health Survey for England (HSE), in 2012, in England, the number ofboys and girls involved in daily physical activities were very low and were found to be 21% and16%, respectively (Digital.nhs.uk 2018). According to an international study, British children
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