Depression in Women: Risk Factors and Diagnosis

This report discusses the risk factors and diagnosis of depression in women. It explores the impact of social, financial, and health stability on women's mental health. The report also highlights the importance of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria in identifying and treating depression in women. It includes a literature review on the topic and discusses the ethical considerations of researching risk factors for depression in women.

Health and social care
level

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
DISCRIPSION OF DIPRESSION WITH THE AID OF (DSM-5) DIGONISTICE AND
STATESTIC MANUAL........................................................................................................4
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION OF RISK FACTORS FOR DIPRESSION IN WOMENS. 5
LITERATUER REVIEW.......................................................................................................6
.........................................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Depression is the disorder related to the individual mental health or mood, it can be cause
by impact of multiple factors and it can contribute to the serious mental illness. It is basically
depend on the life style and social, financial, health stability of the person. It can be cause
because of the work stress, harassment and so on (Park and Zarate 2019). Cases women's
depression is more common then mane most of them not getting the proper help for it.
Depression can be normal or life threatening. Proper life style cane aid to manage it at some
points along with the support of family, but in some cases it need maniacal intervention for its
control. This report is about the consideration of women's depression, its (DSM 5) description.
Evaluation of its signs and symptom's, how it can be diagnose in women's. Identification of risk
factors in women's and its importance. Along with the some literature review and argument on
this topic with the ethical consideration of risk factors.
DISCRIPSION OF DIPRESSION WITH THE AID OF (DSM-5) DIGONISTICE AND
STATESTIC MANUAL
DSM is the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder its a kind of medical
diagnosis farm-work of the depression which involves the description, symptoms and other more
process or criteria which should be important for the treatment or diagnosis of the mental health
disorder (Nussbaum, 2020 ). Along with the statistical consideration of the age and gander
which is highly effected by this and analysis of the intervention along with its effects for the
selection of the effective one.
DSM-5 Diagnostic criteria
DSM-5 is providing some standards or criterion in order to diagnose the depression.
According to this if individuals depressed or mentally ill then they must be facing five or more
symptoms with in the 2-week period and from those symptoms at least one of the symptoms
should be either depressed mood or loss of interest and loss of placer.
 The common symptom is can be every day depressed mood.
 If the person is losing their interest in different activities and do not feel placer on doing
that work most of the days.
 In proper diet and weight loss is can be a symptom.
 Slow down thinking, thoughts, and body movement.

 Cases of fatigue in daily basis.
 Feeling of guilt or worthlessness.
 Thoughts of death and suicide.
The person how is facing this symptom's should be required the proper medical and emotional
care.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION OF RISK FACTORS FOR DIPRESSION IN WOMENS
Ethical consideration is provide the guidelines to conduct the proper research without
harming the others feeling and legal rules of the issues consideration. Its a kind of ethical rules to
consider any topic on peoples.
 Respect of the confidentiality and privacy- For the research of factors related to the
people personal informations. Researcher have to take care of the confidentiality of
individuals personal information. They have to mention in their information collection
sheet that they will keep the respondents information confidential, along with
anonymous. In terms of anonymity researches do not know about the participant. But in
the confidential terms it means that researcher can ask for their name and know how is
the participant but they have to promise that they will not reveal their identity on final
report presentation(Bartoli, Crocamo and Carrà 2020). Confidentiality is right of both
women's and men's.
 Relevant information should consider- For the research of any factor or on topic. Its a
researcher responsibility to collect the relevant data without harming the social,
emotional environment (Stickel, and et.al., 2019). The information should be sufficient to
solve the research question and related to this. Information should be analysed with the
proper formate and it should be up to date.
 Primary research should be discuss frankly- For the conducting the secondary
research and to gathering the information form different primary research paper.
Researcher should should make the proper refraining of the primary research in their
secondary research paper.
 Minimal involvement of the different roles- For conducting primary and secondary
research the roles of the partners should be minimum in order to make the confidentiality
of the data and research security.
Importance

Ethical consideration is crucial because in professional and personal terms very one want
the security of their information and respect of their work, and if research follow this properly
their research report can get pass in its quality checking (Mbatha, Mokwena, and Madiba,
2020).
LITERATUER REVIEW
According to the research journal of women's Health, Ahead of print. Paper name is
perinatal depression: challenges and opportunities (Dagher, Bruckheim, 2020). on the basis of their
research risk factor's for the women's depression is can be their medical history of depression,
unsupportive social environment, their unhappy and poor relationship, financial unsuitability.
According to them (PND) Perinatal depression is the DSM-5 factor because major women's
depression occurs during the pregnancy. Then there is another big risk factor's which involves
the subdivided symptom's That is postnatal depression, this factor rises after the child birth and
this can be a very harmful risk factor which can causes the further more depression problems is
upcoming life.
It is true that in the busy life of work, employment, work stress and happiness fulfilment
there are the multiple factors which can causes the parental depression in women's during and
after their pregnancy. These factors is can be biological, social, financial, emotional. Biological
factors involve their medical history, genetics and hormonal secretion. Emotionalist risk factor is
can bi related to the lake of happiness and family support. Financial stability is some thing which
effects the needs satisfaction, its absence cause the many more on the risk factors of depression.
On the basis of research journal of J Educ Promot, Postpartum depression risk factors: a
narrative review (Ghaedrahmati, Kazemi 2017). There are the different risk factors which causes the
Postpartum depression in the women's. According to their research postpartum depression is
very difficult face of the mothers which can make then too weak. Women's who are facing this
problem is can comment this as the feeling of death, but in other place healthy mother feel baby
birth as the life most hippiest and important phase of the life. They have evaluated the
electronic data and previous research articles and report in order to evaluate the risk factors of
Postpartum depression and they found that there are the different range of the factors of
Postpartum depression such as unhealthy and stressful life style, biological risk factors,
Psychiatric risk factors, obstetric risk factors, social factors.

This research is explaining the all of the relevant risk factors which is almost happen
with most of the married pregnant and yang women's. Some of women's is facing the this
problem due to their financial unstable because which she cant after the post pregnancy
treatments and intervention. Some can faces the higher pain and depression because of their
weak immune system and medical history. Some of the women's with the Postpartum depression
can develop the risk of other depression stage because of her poor relationship where is faces the
hopeless feeling because lake of partner support in financial and erosional terms. Women's
negative thinking can further cases then department long with the aid of other factors.
Article name is Transforming mental health services to address gender disparities in
depression risk factors (Whiteman, Ruggiano and Thomlison 2016). According to this article
depression in the old age women's is most highly developing problem. On the basis of their
research they evaluate that the women's who came to this age by facing the multiple stress in
their life span. They can be at higher risk of the depression, in this report their concern is to
analyse that how the different experience of women's life can contribute towards the depression.
And their other concern is to evaluate the different mental health system which could improve
their condition by meeting needs.
Old age is the stage which some how get related to the childhood face of the life where
every one needs the proper support same as the children's requires. But they come at this stage
by facing the different situation of life along with the stressful things which can lead towards the
depressions. So at this stage it become very crucial to mange the present risk factors of
depression away from them along with the proper medical intervention of previous medical
history.
According to the research article of the Cambridge University press given by the Nitin
Shivappa and Danielle. Association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of
depression in meddle aged women: the Australian Longitudinal study on Women's health. Food
inflammatory is can be a causes of the depression in middle age women's. As there is not that
much of studies on this topic so they has been conducted the survey where they have involved
6438 women's of age 52 with in 12 years from 2001 to 2013 and they have found that there is
strong relationship between inflammatory diet and depression. They have observed that women
with anti inflammatory diet posses the 20% lower risk of developing depression in comparison
to the women's who was having the pro inflammatory diet.

That is true that in the different range of the research it has been analysed that the
inflammatory diet which is having the sours of inflammatory protein can causes the depression.
According to those report protein from the diet to body and from body it can reach the brain and
causes the immune system dysregulation which can further causes the depression.
According to the research journal published on 31 August 2016 name Risk factors for
Women's Intimate partner Violence Victimization: An examination form the perspective of the
Schema therapy Model (Taşkale and Soygüt 2017). The risk factors for the women's stress is can be
intimate partner violence along with some violence causing factors. On the basis of their survey
with the aid of schema questionnaire on 79 IVP victims in comparison with 78 married women's
non victim of IPV. They have analysed that the young age with lower income is one of the risk
factor which causes the IPV and lid the depression of the women's.
Yes this is the relevant risk factor which causes the depression in women's. For the
management of this risk factor and to prevent the depression in women's they partner should be
guide for their life by their patents and should be supported in financial terms. The yang age and
immaturity of the partners aid to increasing risk factors of depression, because maturity of the
person aid to mange the difficult conditions of life. So patents should marry then after their
maturity age and financial stability.
CONCLUSION
From the complete research and study of the women's depression along with the ethical
consideration, it has been analysed that women's are facing the depression problems more the the
men's. Their are the multiple types of risk factors which causes this disorder in women's which is
related to the biological, social and psychological elements of life. For depression diagnoses and
analyses the most useful techniques is (DSM 5). According to this individual with depression can
poses the multiple symptom's in between the 2 week period and from those symptom's one of the
symptoms should be either depressed mood or loss of the interest from activities. Women's are
facing the higher chances of depression because they are having multiple responsibilities in their
life which are related to the several risk factors, such as the pregnancy where women is facing
the biological stress due to the homonym dis-balance, women's are facing the depression in both
phases before and after pregnancy because of the some risk factors. Such as the financial
unsuitability, social, relationship weakness with partner and so on. Women's are also facing the

depression because of partner violence due to the financial unsuitability and immaturity. So for
the prevention of the women's depression cases they should be marry after the mature age, well
employed, along with the guidance of healthy life style.
REFERENCE
Books & Journal

Park, L.T. and Zarate Jr, C.A., 2019. Depression in the primary care setting. New England
Journal of Medicine, 380(6), pp.559-568.
Nussbaum, A.M., 2020, December. Questionable agreement: The experience of depression and
DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder criteria. In The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A
Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine (Vol. 45, No. 6, pp. 623-643). US:
Oxford University Press.
Bartoli, F., Crocamo, C. and Carrà, G., 2020. Clinical correlates of DSM-5 mixed features in
bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders.
Stickel, S., and et.al., 2019. Neural correlates of depression in women across the reproductive
lifespan–An fMRI review. Journal of affective disorders, 246, pp.556-570.
Mbatha, N.L., Mokwena, K.E. and Madiba, S., 2020. Clinical and Obstetric Risk Factors for
Postnatal Depression in HIV Positive Women: A Cross Sectional Study in Health Facilities
in Rural KwaZulu-Natal. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health, 17(22), p.8425.
Dagher, Bruckheim, 2020. Perinatal depression: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of
Women's Health.
Ghaedrahmati,Kazemi 2017. Postpartum depression risk factors: A narrative review. Journal of
education and health promotion, 6.
Whiteman, Ruggiano and Thomlison 2016. Transforming mental health services to address
gender disparities in depression risk factors. Journal of women & aging, 28(6), pp.521-529.
Shivappa, Schoenaker 2016. Association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of
depression in middle-aged women: the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s
Health. British journal of nutrition, 116(6), pp.1077-1086.
Taşkale, N. and Soygüt, G., 2017. Risk factors for women’s intimate partner violence
victimization: An examination from the perspective of the schema therapy model. Journal
of family violence, 32(1), pp.3-12.