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Health and Society Assessment

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Added on  2021-06-17

Health and Society Assessment

   Added on 2021-06-17

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Health and SocietyAssessment 3Extended ResponseTemplateChoose one health issue from the list below:SmokingCoronary heart diseaseAnswer all of the three questions below based on this one health issue.Each extended response should be approximately 500 words in length each.The reference list for all three extended response should be provided under the references headingof this template.
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Question 1Discuss two different reasons for inequity between Indigenous Australians and non-IndigenousAustralians in relation to this health issue. The health status of the Aboriginal residents of Australia is poor compared to that of the restof Australian population. A vast inequity gap is detected in healthcare service provided by theAustralian Government. For instance, the estimated gap in life expectancy betweenindigenous and non-indigenous residents of Australia is Approximately 17 years(McBainRigg & Veitch 2011). The closing the gap campaign is trying to minimize theinequity between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians since several years now. Whilepositive results have been evidenced in child mortality, early childhood education and year 12or equivalent attainment, the gap has still not closed when it comes to unemployment, lifeexpectancy, literacy, school attendance and finally numeracy of the indigenous people(McBainRigg & Veitch 2011). When it comes to smoking-associated health issues, two of the chief reason behind the stillprevailing inequity between indigenous and non-indigenous Australian is as follows:The healthcare policy goals of the government are not matching the policy action.Unlike the non-indigenous Australians, smoking is still considered to be a social norm in theaboriginal culture. Government employees who are appointed to prevent smoking activitiesamong children are found to be reluctant or unable to interfere as smoking activities areconsidered to be a social norm within the aboriginal community (Di Cesare et al. 2013). As aresult of this, a majority of the aboriginal children gets exposed to smoking activity in theirearly phase of life. It is to be remembered that, the social norms of smoking is not atraditional part of the Aboriginal culture but is introduced in the mentioned society in thelater period of time. Consumption of tobacco from a very early age results in several diseasesthat include Lung cancer, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), heart diseasesand others. Along with that, lack of education in the Aboriginal community enhances thetendency of smoking to a great extent. According to a survey, it has been found thatAboriginal and Torres Islander people who completed year 12 are not daily smokerscompared to those whose highest years in school was 10 years or bellow (Lawrence et al.2013). Lack of employment facilities provided to the indigenous people can be considered asanother reason behind the excessive amount of smoking-related issues in AustralianAboriginal community. The survey states that aboriginal people who are employed are morelikely to stop chain smoking compared to aboriginal individuals who are unemployed.Unemployment results in poverty and physiological stress. Where 76 percent of the non-indigenous people of Australia are employed, only 34.6 percent of aboriginal Australianshave jobs. As a result of this, the stress associated with employment is found to be higheramong the aboriginal people of Australia compared to that of the non-indigenous Australian(Campbell et al. 2013). Moreover, lack of availability of healthcare facilities often results in a
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mental illness which encourages smoking and drug abuse.From the above discussion, it can be concluded that lack of planning and facilities providedby the government are the two major reasons behind the smoking-related healthcare issues ofthe Australian Aboriginal individuals.
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