University Health Care Policies and Quality Services Report

This report comprehensively analyzes national health care policies in England, focusing on improving the quality of services. It explores the impact of globalization and demographic changes on these policies, examining how policies are adapted and implemented through internal and external methods. The report delves into leadership challenges within the healthcare sector, considering societal and network influences on policy implementation. It also assesses governance and regulatory mechanisms, emphasizing transparency, responsiveness, and accountability. Furthermore, the report evaluates how policies are transformed into practice, considering local responses and discussions, while also addressing the sustainability of health policies through effective mechanisms and governance. The study uses different methods to analyze the health care policies such as finance/economics, need /demand, politics/ethics/law, and quality/effectiveness, and aims to achieve goals concerned about health issues within the society.

Running Head: Health Care Policies and Quality Services 0
Health Care Policies and Quality
Services
August 12
2019

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Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................2
Impact of Globalization and Demographic changes....................................................................................2
Leadership challenges.................................................................................................................................5
Governance and Regulatory Mechanism.....................................................................................................6
Transforming Policies in Practices..............................................................................................................7
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................9
References.................................................................................................................................................10

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Introduction
This assignment is completely based upon the national health care policies for improving the
quality services to patients. The main aim of this assignment is to study the policies of health
care in England. All of these policies are responsible for the development of any nation at federal
and international level. In this report the impact of the globalization to these policies are
critically analyzed. The national policies of any nation or any international policies have to
update with the time and there are two methods to implement the change in any policy. Either the
changes in the policies are internally or externally implemented, these methods are also critically
analyzed in the report. The health care policies are designed to manage the workflow and to
improve services. These policies are analyzed through different methods which are
finance/economics, need /demand, politics/ethics/law, and quality/effectiveness. Basically the
main aim behind the health policy to plan and to take action in order to achieve the goals or
targets concerned about health issues within the society. These policies are designed for the long
and short term goals. The sustainability of the health policies through the mechanism and
governance is briefly explained in this assignment. Once any health policy is introduced then its
evaluation is also performed in this study by the response received locally and the discussion of
the policy after transforming into practice is conducted in the assignment.
Impact of Globalization and Demographic changes
Globalization not only affects the nations but also improving the global economy. For designing
any policy every nation requires some resources which are always not available with the
developing nation. The globalization helps the developing nation to achieve those resources from
the Powerful nation (Alston, Nichols, and Allender, 2019). United Kingdom is considered from
one of the powerful nation from the different perspective their policies and strategy are
completely designed in such a way which can be transformed according to the change in the
nation. The politics is also known as the universal activity which can be categorized in two
divisions which are international politics and national politics. Both the categories are mutually
interconnected by the globalization. At a point where this term helps to develop good relations
between two different nations having different culture, plans and politics(Bandelow, Vogeler,
Hornung, Kuhlmann, and Heidrich, 2019). Similarly due to globalization some nations rise
strongly by applying their rules over the developing nations. United Kingdom is state of

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parliamentary democracy under the monarchy of the constitution. The categorization of United
Kingdom is done in different local authorities and they are assigned with their own functions and
responsibilities.
Image Source: ( Kovačić, 2005)
The accumulation of the power in the single international government is referred with the
political globalization. The another advantage of the globalization for developing nation is that
the delegations of the other countries for discussing the plans and strategies unite at one place,
due to which there are fewer chances of any conflicts (Mulderrig, 2018). Apart from this the
globalization is not always provides positive results because the big and powerful countries are
able to convince to implement their opinions which dominate over the developing nations and
might create conflicts amongst other members of the council. The globalization has its effects on
law which are implemented at the international level, national level. The role of the globalization
cannot be avoided for the policy making. It is the responsibility of the government to take care
about the security and welfare of the citizens. Policies of any nation are connected with each
other and they have their own effects (Engelman, Case, Meeks, and Fetters, 2019). Due to close

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integration in the economy and society there are several consequences which can be seen
globally. Demographic changes are increasing in United Kingdom there are several reasons in
which the immigration or migration is major factor. With the demographic changes the policies
of the nation have to amended, not only population impacts the nation policy but factors like
environmental changes, religion, race and culture are also included. However it is good to make
changes in the policies with the time but somehow it also reflects the weakness of the policy
makers (Purtle, Peters, Kolker, and Diez Roux, 2019). While designing the policy the policy
makers has to keep in mind that there focus is on the long term achievement for the country.
Demographic changes and globalization provided a medium to United Kingdom to grow but it
also creates some issues as well for the country. These problems were new diseases with the
capability of fast spreading. It is the unitary state which is governed by the central government
and directs the activity of most government (Sanni, Wisdom, Ayo-Yusuf, and Hongoro, 2019).
In the nineteenth century health care was started volunteered. With the change in time the
number of hospital in the country were increased in order to provide the medical facility to sick
people. In United Kingdom the health services is based upon the three sources which includes
the following terms which are mentioned below:
 Charity and Voluntary sector
 Private health care
 Poor law
In London where all of the hospital are focused upon the city and its people but if the health care
policy at the primary level is not up to the satisfactory level. Some of the policy makers try to
balance the health care facility at the local level and nation level but the demographic changes
and the globalization were the factors due to which the gap between these level is still in lack
(Robertshaw, and Cross, 2019).
Leadership challenges
United Kingdom is the country which gives rise to many great leaders who brought revolutionary
changes in the countries by designing the strategy and plans to overcome problems. The leaders
have to face many challenges while implementing changes in the plans which are being followed
from old times. The Leadership is a process which influences the individual or a group to
achieve the goals which are common for both of them. In the policy making sector leaders has to

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deal with the major challenges at the national level or international sphere (Stupplebeen, Barnett-
Sherrill, and Sentell, 2019). There are basically two factors which are studied where the leader
has to face challenge for implementing changes in the policy. The first factor is society while
other is networks both of these are dominantly act for implementing any change. The United
Kingdom has set their parameters that how the particular city of the country will be governed.
There are different levels as discussed earlier in which national, regional and local level are
included. Basically for implementing any change the policy makers have to examine or have to
perform study on the structure of the city or nation. According to the obtained results of the study
the policies of the nation are re-designed for achieving the long term goals (Wilson, White,
Jefferson, and Danis, 2019). In the health care sector where new diseases are getting introduce
with the change in time. However it is seen that the age of the people in United Kingdom is good
but the quality of their life is not as per the expected. Most part of the population is suffering
from different diseases and disorders, so the leader wants to improve the quality of people. The
challenges are observed internal and external bodies of the countries. If the internal bodies are
considered than it belongs to the local population of the country. People oppose the changes due
to several reasons because they have to adapt the new changes and maintain them according to it.
Further most of the times these changed policy took time to imposed in at the local level due to
which people have to face issues they did not better services while if the external factors are
considered in which many organizational delegates opposes change on the basis of human rights
and welfare (Tsai, Poquet, Gašević, Dawson, and Pardo, 2019). If this process is analyzed then
there are different perspective can be described, from the positive perspective the policy needs to
changed according to change in time because of they will not updated then the challenges and
problem cannot be minimized from the society further the new problems will also create issue to
the society and nation. The threats of the nation will increase which will impact on the life of
people of the country and this will affect the economy and development of the country. Apart
from this the when the policy makers are implementing changes then they should have to focus
that these updated policy get imposed equally to every level of the nation, so that every person
can achieve the benefit of the services.

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Governance and Regulatory Mechanism
The responsibility of the governance is to maintain the administrative law in the organization
which explains about the value of efficiency, no corruptibility and responsiveness in the civil
society. The policies are designed by the government but the products or services are not
delivered through government. For the delivery of services the local bodies are responsible
which includes the demand of public, transparent with the usage of resources and distribution of
the services or products (Andrews, 2019). Internally in United Kingdom the governance is found
effective in the context of private sector or local organizations. At the local level the
organization are able to take their decisions by the support of the good governance. The term
governance was developed by the World Bank it was designed to measure the administrative
structure of the country. For the countries which are under development the governance provides
an ample to the structure for the stability of the donors or investors. The main characteristics of
the governance are classified in 8 different types which are defined below (Saif-Ur-Rahman,
Mamun, and Anwar, 2019):
1. Participation: For the implementation of the good governance the men and women have
to participate equally as they will play key role for this phenomenon.
2. Rule of law: If the governance will be good in the organization the entire legal
framework will be performed fairly, also the human rights will remain safe.
3. Transparency: The decision making and the enforcement are properly managed by the
regulations which are defined by the governance. It will help the local organization to
maintain the transparency in their process.
4. Responsiveness: It is the duty of the governance to respond the stakeholders of the
organization within a reasonable timeframe.
5. Consensus Oriented: The governance is helpful for achieving the goals of the sustainable
human development (Voulvoulis, and Burgman, 2019).
6. Equity: With the implementation of governance in the local organization all the members
realizes their places and importance. It also helps them to gain the opportunities and
improve their well-being (Hristov, and Zehrer, 2019).
7. Efficiency: The results which are obtained by the implementation of the governance the
local organizations can produce or provide their services in the effective manner.

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8. Accountability: It is the major requirement of the good governance; the local
organizations and other civil sector organization are accountable for their consumers and
their stakeholders (Rees, 2019).
In United Kingdom where the importance is given to the law and other independent bodies in
which commission of the human rights and prevention of the corruption bureau are included. It is
the responsibility of the policy makers while designing the policy the transparency and equality
present for all level of organization. Generally the benefits are not prepared or can be seen as
outcome for the local organization (Sanderson, Lonsdale, and Mannion, 2019). However at the
state level where the majority organization are locally operating their frameworks sometimes the
policies introduced for the state not get fulfilled with their process. Policy making and the
administration are the positive aspects of good governance at the political level in any nation or
organization (Bernhard, Gustafsson, Hedström, Sefyrin, and Wihlborg, 2019). The governance of
the United Kingdom is characterized in the four different countries and each of them has their
own separate system. It is the responsibility of the local organizations that cities, towns and
districts get equal benefits of the policy. It has been observed that the services even after the
implementation are not equally distributed amongst people. The local governance is somehow
bounded with the national and international bodies due to which they are not able to properly act
their tasks.
Transforming Policies in Practices
When the policies are imposed in the country then the people start responding on the outcomes
of the practices. It is the human nature to compare the two things which have similar action but
the output is different. Every individual has their own view in which negative and positive both
the sphere are included (Risien, 2019). For the people of United Kingdom money is the main
source of the anxiety, according to the study it is identified that in the country two major causes
are responsible for the anxiety in which family and health are included. Similarly if all the states
are analyzed they have their own particular reasons for the anxiety and tension. If the overall
data is analyzed then 57% of populations are satisfied with the policies and governance of the
United Kingdom and they found their life balance (Castelle, Dean, and Daniels, 2019). Every
individual wants his/her life balance and settled. While if the health care sector is analyzed then
it is believed by the 95% of the population of United Kingdom that health care of the country

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should be available free. In another case 78% people of the country have the perception that the
support from the governance of the country for the free health care for those who are having
issues due to alcoholism and drugs they should be asked first to pay (Voulvoulis, and Burgman,
2019). In the country one in five people is suffering from the mental health issues in which
young people are significantly increasing. In some cases the people of the country respond that
the policy in the United Kingdom are far better than other international policies despite of this if
the people are not able to achieve them then they are responsible for it, while in the some cases it
was identified that the people of the country are not satisfied with the governance of the country
due to which the policies which are imposed are also not satisfactory or suitable for them
(Wolfram, Van der Heijden, Juhola, and Patterson, 2019).
When the policies are designed then before the surveys are conducted in which many data are
collected, this data helps the policy makers to calculate the dimensions and parameters for the
policy. The policy makers consider each point carefully so that major problems of the society can
be minimized. But as it takes time while designing any policy the factors like demographic
changes, globalization, liberalization etc. changes some statistics of the previous data. Due to
which when the policies are imposed into practices many challenges can be observed. When the
policies are transformed into practices then the resource is the first challenge for the policy
developers (Barr, Garrett, Marten, and Kadandale, 2019). The resources which are examined for
the policy its demand gets increase because of the demographic changes. The people of the
country when are not aware about the information and knowledge of the new strategy or plan
they start oppose it or they do not want to accept. The other challenge which is observed in
United Kingdom; that the urban areas are much focused for the development and growth so most
of the policies are designed respective to urban areas which affects the rural areas of the country.
People of the rural areas in some states are not even able to get the primary health support.
Another major problem which is observed in the country that with the change in the time new
diseases are getting introduced on which the policies which are already imposed cannot
implement. The population of the United Kingdom has lack of the source of the earning due to
which the people over there are much dependent on the policies of the governance which are
introduced for their welfare. So on papers the policy are designed by focusing minor issue but
when it is transformed to practice then the errors are observed (Macdonald, Verster, Seale,
Baggaley, and Ball, 2019).

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Conclusion
The report is focused upon the health care policy of the United Kingdom in order to achieve
quality services. There are many points which are discussed from different perspectives so that
every sphere of the policy can be described briefly. In the assignment the discussion is made
about the globalization and demographic changes for the country which is chosen for the
assignment. These processes have their specific effects on the policies which are designed by the
policy makers. Globalization which is helping the nations to get together and develop but at the
same time many new challenges can be seen in this process. Apart from this the demographic
changes is the major factor which are studies by the policy makers and if it is avoided then no
any policy cannot be imposed for the long term plan. In another section where the discussion is
conducted on the leadership challenges; when the policy are implemented with the changes are
imposed. In the country when the policies are changed to amend the new strategies then leaders
of the government of that country has to face some challenges which are linked with the internal
and external sources. Internally the people of the country easily not accept the new strategy
without proper knowledge apart from them some other organizational delegates critique on the
changes so it is the duty of the leaders to influence their plans to others as well. In the other
section where the mechanism of the governance in policy making is described if the governance
of the country will be good and take care of every distinct issues related to national or local level
then the plans and strategies can provides the needful outcomes. The last section concluded the
view of the local people of the nation on policy of their nation and international policies their
view is described in which positive and negative views are evaluated including the challenges
which usually rise when the plans and policies transformed into real practices.

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