Health Promotion: Theories and Practices

This assignment delves into the field of health promotion, examining various theoretical frameworks underpinning effective interventions. It analyzes workplace health promotion initiatives, their impact on employee diets, and the use of ecological models to understand health behaviors. The assignment also considers the role of technology in health promotion and highlights relevant research findings and resources.

HEALTH PROMOTION
By Ioana Roxana Herciu
Student id :14135

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ....................................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Effects of socio-economic influences on health......................................................................................3
1.2 Relevance of government resources in health.........................................................................................4
1.3 Reason and barriers to accessing health care..........................................................................................5
TASK 2 ....................................................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Links between government strategies and models of health promotion.................................................6
2.2 Role of professionals in meeting government targets for health promotion...........................................7
2.3 Role of routines of the peoples in promoting healthy living'..................................................................9
TASK 3 ..................................................................................................................................................................10
3.1 Health beliefs relate to theories of health behaviour.............................................................................10
3.2 Possible effects of potential conflicts with local industry on health promotion...................................11
3.3 Importance of providing relevant health related information to the public..........................................12
TASK 4...................................................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Plan a health promotion campaign to meet specific objectives............................................................12
4.2 Health promotion campaign supports health promotion strategies.......................................................13
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over the issues
and solutions of to effect the health and improve the their health (Nutbeam, Harris and Wise,
2010). This promotion moved beyond a focus on individual behaviour in a wide range of
social and economic environmental intervention. It is the process of enabling the person
increases the control of health and its determinants who effect on the health. It is involve the
public policies to identify the health determinants like income, food security, housing,
employment and condition of quality works. Its focus on the main issued of the health and
intervention that reduce the health risk of the peoples. Health promotion programs include
exercise, smoking cessation and stress management. In the UK determine the relationship
between health promotion and social economic marketing to reinforce the potential
integrative natures of the health approaches.
TASK 1
1.1 Effects of socio-economic influences on health.
Socio economic status is one of the most important determinants of health promotion
and the link between the health accepted in the UK. Family income, occupations and
education attainment are the measures of the socio-economic status that effect ion the perter
and Sarah's health. There are many determinants of health including are social economic
environmental, physical and personal individual characteristics. In come and social status are
linked to better health it is the big gap between the reaches and poor people to take the
significant difference between the health.
Income- The Peter and Sarah is belonging the poor level of income they are totally
based on social benefits and their income. Peter are belonging on low lower level education
and lower self-confidence to affect on their health and their children's health. Education level
influence on the economic status as plating role in getting jobs tend to require getting better
health services (Bauman and Nutbeam, 2013). There are many health professionals can
influence the behaviour of the entire communities through the public campaigns. The income
is direct contributing in the single person and family can afford to spend the income in the
health. Peter are depending on the Sarah income to save the money for health but they both

are drinkers to spend the money in the drinks. Health status is defined the measurement the
socio-economic status.
Health condition- Peter have a poor health condition according the choices of lifestyle
and to spend the money in the drinks. Health status affects on the ability and mobility if the
socialize, restricting by the social circle and disabled person are often limited financially by
defined social security income and depend on this income (Salazar, Crosby and DiClemente,
2015).
Environment effect- Environmental does not factors have to come in the socio-
economic status but they affect on the unique way. Peter are belonging in the different
environment to differ from the many higher level people’s environment.
1.2 Relevance of government resources in health.
Health resources is an agency it is the department of the health and human services.
The goals if the health resources to improve the quality of the health cares and the services.
It’s also provide the strengths of the health workforces in the local communities and build it
to provide the better performance in the society. Government create the many health canter
programs supports medical and behavioural health services to the uninsured peoples based on
these community clinics and medical vans.
Health information and the resources from the government to understand the medical
the medical condition. Government resources for health information and researching the
illness or conditions, need to find the insurance option for the poor peoples. There are many
government communities to provide the health resources. Some resources may not apply to
the peter and Sarah because the peter illness can vary greatly in the terms of the health to
need the special resources. Government provide the financial support for many peoples that
they are belong the lower level of income.
There are all services are covered by the health insurance and private insurance plans.
This support can help cover the extra costs associated to peter of a child to get the special
need.
 Financial support as a part of the government services and related to the social
economic welfare. Multi services agency provide the many programs and services to
belong at the several areas for child's development (Cottrell and McKenzie, 2010).

 Communication resources provide to some children with the complex health condition
have difficulty with the communication. This communication resources provide by
the government to use the communication strategy can help the verbal or non-verbal
children understand the language and use of the strategies.
 Behavioural resources related to some children and youth with special needs engage
the different behaviour way to expressing to others how they feel or what they needs.
Resources like: Journals and reports published by government has a huge a relevancy
regarding to provide essential informations in to public domain. Many people have a need of
medical assistance but their financial conditions becomes a hinder to take a proper medical
care but UK government has many plans and several medical insurance companies are
working in this sector to provide this helpful informations to them. So these resources have
huge value in this context but it is necessary for people like: Sarah and Peter to being aware
for their rights.
1.3 Reason and barriers to accessing health care.
There are many barriers to accessing the health care to the peter and Sarah' s health.
These are many factors affects on the individual gaining access to health and social care.
Individual may face the many barriers to accessing the services of the health. Physical
barriers that prevent an individual from getting where they must go. Physical condition is
affected on the access the health crevices and must effect on the their family. Psychological
barriers affect on the way an individual think about a service. If the peter feels unwell but
they’re worried about find the what is wrong in the services. They may not seek help from
their family (Street, Gold and Manning, 2013).
Financial barriers- Financial barriers in the health and social care the individual is
trying to access is some distance away from the health canters that they Peter and Sarah may
not be able to afford the transport costs to get the health canter. In some cases, if a patient has
to pay for medical prescriptions to arrange the money firm somewhere that they may not be
able to afford the medicine they need to recover the health.
Geographical barrier- These barriers affect some individuals live near health, social
care services and others may live some distance away from the those services.
Services- Peter and Sarah not live near by the services and they find the buses in the
area that they do not run for the convenient time to get to an appointment from the health

services canters. In sometimes a patient may need to have specialist treatment which is many
miles away and finds it difficult to get there. Cultural and language barriers affect the
information about the health, social care services is in different language that Peter and Sarah
are able to understand and find out the information about the service. Resource barrier affect
on a Peter and Sarah needs to access may not be available due staff shortages or a lack of
money for get the service.
To create a strategy road map for planning the solve the problem firstly identify the
problems and its impact on the health promotion programs. Next is identify the root for the
chose the strategy for the appropriate solution and barnstorms for the solutions. At the end
select the appropriate solutions and implement the strategy to identify the impact. Create the
new communities for the new health development programs and the help the lower income
level people and provide the resource to easily cover by the Peter and Sarah. Identify the
impact of the change in the local communities to provide the many health services to solve
the all issues of those peoples who affected by some health problems.
TASK 2
2.1 Links between government strategies and models of health promotion
Health promotion including a range of the many activities are community based work,
environmental health, health education, health promoting schools, economic regularity
activities and public policy (Lloyd-Jones and et. al, 2010). There are many health promotion
strategy and approaches to help in the promoting health of an individual or community and
changing the behaviour that affect on a negative way on the health. Health promotion
strategies range from individually focused interventions are posters for providing positive
health messages through to the development of a national health promoting policy and
strategy.
A frame of the health promotion to include the government strategy. Identify the
illness and risk of health, focus on individual, group, population, and apply the strategy are
lifestyle, behavioural, public health and preventative medical services. After the set the
strategy to identify he impact of those strategy in behavioural adaption for change to
behaviour that will improve the health. Environment adaptation change to the environment
that promote the heath and better and well being. There are many health strategy involves the

public health strategy (Head and et. al, 2013). The main goal of the strategy to improve the
health status to they are involve the many communities. Developing the healthy community
to decide the own health needs to provide the services.
There are many campaigns are given below-
School campaigns- Under this program a school conduct a health promotion program
that give awareness about many health causes. In this camp many student are participate for
promoting information. They have conduct many activities like creating cards related to many
daises. Under this camp conduct health check-up, blood donation , eye check-up and other
activities.
Government Programmes- These camps are conducted by state government for
those peoples who are not able to pay any fee for check-up. Under this health program
conduct a camp that includes many type of activities for different age, gender like kids,
women's and men's. These camps providing medicines of free of cost to peoples are come
under low level of income.
Hospitals campaigns- There are many health care homes conduct a program in their
places that these camps are free of cost that includes many activities. These activities involves
health check-up for different age and gender. The purpose of this program to providing
awareness about health causes and give some instruction form reducing health issues.
Beattle's model of health promotion that acknowledge that health promotion activities
related and affect to the social and culture practices (Korda and Itani, 2013). This model not
only give the ability to analysis the current and old health promotion strategy and approaches
and own role with in that, it’s also give the resources to the build upon a current practice and
to generate new strategy for the successful health promoting. This model consists four
quadrants arranged in two axes, the quadrants present the diverse ways to health can be
promoted by the government, individuals, professionals and health persuasion techniques,
personal counselling and community (Golden and Earp, 2012). The two axes present the
mode of intervention which can be adopted the top down approach or bottom up approach.
2.2 Role of professionals in meeting government targets for health promotion
Doctors- Professionals are play role in the promoting health to the meeting with
governments The professional in the health care camps for setting the includes many types of
health adviser, nurses, mid wives, dentists, nutritionists and other specialist doctors in certain

areas. Government has taken approaches and strategy for preventing smoking or others health
issues to set targets and the health professionals are responsible for all work for achieving the
goals and objectives. Peter needs a huge care by specialist doctors and he needs also a
nutritional instructor and dietician who can give him a diet chart to eat accordingly to
maintain his sugar level.
Managers- The managers of the local authorities will be organising the health care
campaigns, to makes sure the all regulations rules in the health programs and determine the
approached from the health care programmes. The health advisers and the doctors provide the
resource persons for the smoking and other issues related to the many wrong habits of the
peoples.
Health advisors- The health care advisers have the vast knowledge and ability to
conduct the health education programmes in the schools related to the health issues covered
those areas according to the model of health promotion programs.
Social workers: These persons are especially trained to analyse needs of people in
context of social care, which helps in providing an exact service which they want. As in case
of Peter and Sarah, social workers provided all information to social care organisation related
to their needs.
Social care workers: Social care persons are having a role to support to that
particular person who needs care, as Peter has a huge need of care due to his disability walk
so it a particular social care person can help him in his washing, dressing and bathing.
Physiotherapist: These are specialist in heeling of a particular area which is affected
by a disease so they can give physiotherapy to them to recover their body in short time of
period. Peter also having a need of physiotherapist which can help him in betterment of his
legs.
In the health care research and many health professional are involved in these
promotion programmes they have responsibilities for conducting the programs for identify
the records of all health issues in the different communities. These communities contribute to
identify the health issues rates and compare the rates to identify if the objectives have been
achieved or not (Richard, Gauvin and Raine, 2011). The professionals in the health service
they responsible for the designing the health camps which are related to health issues to
allocate the money for the programmes.

2.3 Role of routines of the peoples in promoting healthy living'
Promoting the healthy living for determine the health issues related to the healthy
lifestyles and daily routine activities of the peoples. Many peoples have the different ways of
having food, working hours, patterns of sleeping, spending leisure time methods, and other
substance use in the daily routine activities that can effect on the routine in healthy living.
When some people eat lots of junk food with the high caloric, high sugars, and high value of
salts as a daily food routine, that the increases body fat and to develop symptoms of health
issues.
The body store the more fat to effect on the skin and also affect the internal organs of
the body which can lead by the heart and create he heart problems, blocked the circulation of
the blood in the body (Kobau and et. al, 2011). There are many physical activities are some
healthy exercises can be involved in the daily routine activity that can improved the healthy
living or help to regulate the blood circulation, decrease the body fat and reduce the risk of
heart problems, diabetes etc. it also increases the body fitness. Daily routine of health
activities is related to health issues can be supported by the routine health activity pre-
program conducted by the people that can be promoted the health community.
Local communities use the different appropriate methods and techniques to design the
new appropriate strategy for increasing the health promotion programs. Those techniques are
use in design for solve the problems-
Identify the problem- Researchers firstly identify the objective of the health promotion
communities and these activities help to the identify the problems of the illness peoples need.
Use performance indicators- Promoters use the different types of performance
indicators for the community’s members what will do and able to the new innovative
programs for help the provide the governance resources for those peoples who needs the
resources.
Assessment plan and Action research methodology design- Use an assessment plan
for the by the members to get the highest result for the programs and at the end of the process
to act for evaluation of the all design.
Many professional give advice for daily routine activities that is followed by many
people.

Routine 1- Daily exercise is important for maintaining health. Its is a part of daily
routine activities that is conducted in morning. This activity are help in reduce extra fat in the
body and increases health.
Routine 2- Next activities is to take a proper and right diet in whole day. Its not
includes fat foods its only includes only healthy food. This activity involves a schedule for
diet of a people.
Routine 3- The person should follow a routine of walk instead of preferring public or
private vesical. In some times many people use cars for little distance that is easily cover by
walk.
TASK 3
3.1 Health beliefs relate to theories of health behaviour
Many health behaviour theories to describe the health beliefs among people in a
community(Mhurchu, Aston and Jebb, 2010). Using the health promotion model of behaviour
to identified the health beliefs related to the those peoples are based on local communities and
social services in relation to health. The targets and aims of person has will be forming the
central influences on that person. Different health behaviours theories are here which can be
used health and social care organisation for health promotions:
Health belief model: According to this model health behaviours sincerity and
understandings regarding to a suspect on a particular disease effects on individuals risks.
Effects of health behaviours can be influenced by benefits and barriers of particular disease.
The protection-motivation theory: According to this theory, behaviours of person affected
by the fear of disease. So it can make a huge change in behaviours of person who is affected
by a disease like as Peter.
Social-cognitive theory: In any health and care organisation, differences and changes in
motivation, action and well being can make a major impacts on behaviours of patients.
Theory of planned behaviours and theory of reasoned action: Behaviours which are
related to social factors are huge influenced by determination power of a person which wants
to perform an activity.
These theories of the health behaviour to take actions can be determine and analysis the
health model use in the health promotion. According to the health theory, people will follow

the some of the health practices with the health resources or without consent and identify the
actual intention of the health products. In the stage of model are change for described and
determine the health practices the some people cannot be changed in the series of health
actions and it is described when a person goes for the some changes in their certain
behavioural beliefs related to that health practice may change with the stages of the model
change. Stages of change model:
Pre contemplation: A person who is not considering his bad habits in a negative way, as a
smoker who has started recently does take it as a bad habit and he does not think to change it.
Contemplation: In this stage people are has change their perception and now they has started
to make changes in their bad activities. For an example: a chain smoker start to think to stop
back to back use of cigarette.
Preparation: This is a phase in which a person start to change his acts for an example people
smoker start to use other things to reduce use of cigarettes.
Action: In this phase people start to use another options to reduce the use of unhealthier
products.
Maintenance: Full determination can make a positive impact on that person who wants to
quit a bad habit. E.G. a chain smoker has now fully determinate to be a less smoker.
3.2 Possible effects of potential conflicts with local industry on health promotion
There are some effects of the potential conflicts with the local communities and
industry work on the health promotion activities with the legislative actions such as banning
smoking in public, and many health affected products use in the publicly banning by the
advertisements and posters promotions of related to the health products products. There are
some conflict with the some industries includes in these promotions determine the cause and
the generate revenue by the health causes products of the large production of products
companies to be reduced. The government has spend money on health care services and
create the new health cares homes in the country and create other development activities.
Government spend the money and losing the money in the problem for the government to
provide free health care services, homes and maintain the economic infrastructure of the
country(Soler and et. al,2010). There are some major conflict within the many health
industries, governments and health care systems are work together on these problems.
Potential conflicts and their impacts of local industry on health promotions are here:

Tobacco: It haves a huge role in health promotions because many people are using this
which is making an adverse impact on their health and body. Overdose of tobacco can be a
cause of Cancer so it is essential for person to informed about it negative impacts on health.
Alcohol: Higher dose of alcohol can make bad impact on health so government has apply
higher rates on it.
Food industries: It plays an important role in health promotions cause intake of food has
huge impact up on health. So food industry has to provide a quality products to their targeted
customers otherwise it can make a negative effect on their health and it can be a cause of
obesity, diabetes etc.
3.3 Importance of providing relevant health related information to the public
Importance of providing health care information to the public can get knowledge
about the benefits are related to the reducing the risk of the health and disease levels in the
community (Lupton, 2012). The benefits of the information distributed among the people can
increase the personal responsibility about the health care. The benefit of these information to
help in the control of communicable diseases in the health promotion programs. When
professionals are give the information on the different communicable diseases are affect on
the health and how to safe the our health to follow the healthy routine, people will be able to
take actions for safeguarding for themselves. There are the people in the local communities to
be made awareness about the health issues that they are attacked from the peoples health and
advisers give the instructions for how to avoid these health diseases, this will help to reduce a
large number of communicable diseases in the country.
TASK 4
4.1 Plan a health promotion campaign to meet specific objectives.
Assessment of needs- The local community has been selected for the promotion of the
health care programs is and the promotion of the health campaign to achieve the objective of
reducing the health issues.
Aims and Objectives- The objective of the campaign to reduce the number of health
issues in the local area with the use of educational approach, avoid young people from being
addicted to smoking, reduce the health issues problems related to negative health problems in

the community and increases the health education programs with regards to negative benefits
of many health causes.
Strategies for take actions- Health education programmes conducted in school,
describing about the negative impacts of the health causes to targeting young people.
Professionals will be used to educate and conduct health related educational campaigns in the
area. Use the health care posters and inform the peoples to increase the participate in the
health care programmes. Government use regulations and legislative practices. Get the
knowledge from the advisers from health care providers, nurses, doctors, health care advisers,
social care workers
Evaluation of the campaign- Evaluate the health care rates in the local area before
and after the research will give a quantitative measurement to identify the successful
outcome educational programs. The peoples are participation in the campaign for the purpose
to get an idea of the success of the promotion plan.
4.2 Health promotion campaign supports health promotion strategies
The health promotion elements involve the health care professionals and many
advisers for support the health campaigns in local areas, use the government strategies and
focusing on the health care practices of the local community. A health care campaign
designed to get the help of the health advisers as the resource persons of the health campaign.
The designed camps can be identified the health strategies and approaches use in the health
promotion provided by the government. These health campaign provided the objectives and
goals of the health promotion programme and set the time frame of the programme will be
operated for the local community and by the government. The health care camps will be
operated according to the time and also use the strategic tactics that will be used for designed
according to the needs of the objectives of the health care services.
Aim- Campaign for the promote healthy diet and avoid causes to effect the health.
Objective- Improve the health quality, promote healthy life style and reduce the risk to affect
the health. Develop the public policy for health, integrated gender, age sensitive approaches
that the facilitate empowerment and self care.
Resources- For the promotion use the education campaigns, trades, work shops, seminars
and health events.
Target and needs- Health campaign target need to improve their promotion activities.

Target to improve the healthy life style and the give the instruction for the Uterine
Cervical Cancer to the people.
Uterine Cervical Cancer- Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix. The causes of
the this cancer are human papillomavirus, smoking, multiple pregnancies. The treatment of
this cancer is world wide. Barrier protection provide protection against such as HIV and
Chlamydia, which are associated with greater risks of developing cervical cancer.
CONCLUSION
The socio economic effects on the health promotion programs and identify the
government sources and strategy of reporting health care inequalities were described.
Determine the barriers of accessing health care services were analysed. Identify the links
between government strategies and the health care models in the health promotions programs.
The professional roles in achieving the health care goals and determine the relation of health
beliefs to theories of health. Use the strategic tactics that will be used for designed according
to the needs of the objectives of the health care services.

REFERENCES
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ONLINE

Health promotion. 2017. [Online]. Available through.
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Health promotion. 2017. [Online]. Available through.
<https://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/BrowseByTopic/HealthPromotion/Pages/
Health-Promotion.aspx>. [assessed on 1st May 2017].