Health Promotion in Canada

Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION IN CANADA
IMPACT OF SMOKING AND VAPING
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

HEALTH PROMOTION IN CANADA
1
Introduction
Smoking is a habit where a ingredient is burned then the subsequent smoke inhaled in
is tasted as well as absorbed in the blood. The most commonly used method is where the
ingredient used with dried tobacco leaves, that are rolled to make small cylinder like structure
called cigarette. Vaping is an electronic cigar that is also known as e-cigarette which helps in
smoking tobacco. E-cigarette is an non-combustible tobacco product. Smoking as well as
vaping causes several heart diseases, lung problems, diabetes, cancer as well as COPD
(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) that includes bronchitis and emphysema. Vaping
takes high cliff in oral health issues (Chung-Hall et al., 2018). Canadian health association
have pointed out that vaping causes problems in teeth and gum. It causes bad breadth,
recession in gum and grinding of teeth as well as weakness the immune system. Ecological
model has been used for explaining the new addition in health promotion strategy that would
prevent in smoking and vaping all over the Canada. The use of ecological model helps in
determining the various health promotional levels such as individual, interpersonal,
organisational, community and public policy.
The following paper is structured to discuss about a specific aspect of health issue of
vaping and smoking, a detailed evaluation of health promotion strategy is done and it
discusses about a new strategic plan that would add up to the present health strategy plan.
The specific health issue chosen over here is lung disorder.
Identification of a specific health or wellness issue aspect of vaping and
smoking
In 2018, a study found that almost 29 case study reported in Canada that 25 people
showed negative data regarding exposure to smoking ns vaping like heart problems,
respiratory problems, exposure to nicotine, gastrointestinal problem and injury caused due to

HEALTH PROMOTION IN CANADA
2
electronic as well as cigarettes. In vaping sometimes due to battery exposure several other
injuries also occur (O’Connor, et al., 2019). It was then confirmed that the-cigar also have
several harmful effects that aggravate pre-existing health circumstances (Fig 1).
Fig 1: harmful effects of tobacco smoking
Smoking cause noteworthy vicissitudes lungs as well as airways. There are few
changes which occurs suddenly and have a long lasting impact over human body. It has also
been seen that pneumonia and cold are also caused by smoking and vaping. Few more
chronic changes occurring in our body are emphysema which is a permanent damage to the
lungs. Some serious changes that lungs go through due to smoking are as follows-
Smoking causes serious lung infection causing the production of more mucus. When the
smoke produces the cells starts producing mucus inside the lungs and hence the airways
grows in size as well as in numbers (Borland et al. 2019). Hence the mucus amount thickens
and increases.
The human lungs cannot clean all the mucus effectively and leads to mucus
decomposition inside the lungs and it gets clogged causing infection. Therefore, the lungs
start aging faster and defense mechanism also decreases. Smoking also irritates the lungs and

HEALTH PROMOTION IN CANADA
3
causes the production of cough and irritation. It destroys the lung tissues and lungs and hence
the air spaces decrease as well as blood vessels in lungs resulting transport of less oxygen in
the blood. Due to smoke the function of cilia gets reduced and hence cleaning of the lungs
does not occurs (Fig 2).
Fig 2: effect of smoking in lungs
On other hand, Vaping also plays a role in lung damage as reported by Canadian
health department. Nearly 200, e-cigarette smokers have developed lung diseases and most of
them are young adults or teens. Vaping carriers an infectious agent causing irritation in lungs
or any allergic reaction inside it when the vapour is inhaled. This irritation leads to lung
damage as there is chest pain, breathing shortness and sometimes sever difficulty leads to
immediate admittance to the hospital (Braak et al., 2019). Mainly, impact of vaping is more
on those who already have lung problem. The vape vapor comprises harmful substances plus
very fine elements, which are inhaled into the lungs as well as exhaled in the environment.
Vaping leads to severe lung inflammation. Vaping causes COPD (Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease) as well as lung cancer. It also leads to asthma making the situation of
lung worse. Breathing in of harmful chemicals from vaping causes few irreversible damage
towards lungs, lung diseases and also deaths. In few cases, vaping also leads to
cardiovascular disease as well as biological modifications that are linked with cancer
development (Fig 3).