This paper evaluates health promotion intervention, associated risks with obesity, and methods to overcome it. It discusses the behaviour change and collective action models, public policies like tax, food labelling, and restriction on advertisement and sales of unhealthy food.
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HEALTH PROMOTION CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
INTRODUCTION Health promotion is a process that enables people to effective control or improve their health through improving their existing lifestyles, more nutritional food and better sleep. Different strategies are being used for health promotion such as diseases prevention and wellness program in order to generate awareness among people about the diseases, its impact and the way they can be effectively overcome. Health and social care settings are place or organisation in which proper care and concerned being provided to the patient so that it can easily enhance its health and well being. Obesity is one of the major key issue in United Kingdom and across worldwide, as there are 64% of people that are estimated to be overweight or obese. So necessary steps needs to be undertaken by health organisation to reduce the obesity health issue.This paper will critically evaluate about the “Health promotion theory and public policy in context of intervention related to obesity for health and well being of people”. Therefore, it will evaluation of health promotion intervention, associated risk with the disease and method that could be used to overcome the same. MAIN BODY In the above health promotion poster related to obesity has clearly explained that why it is one of main health issue in United Kingdom. Likewise, it has been identified that there are around 63% of adult having age around 18 are being suffering from overweight. In another words, around 35 million of adult are facing the similar situation that has result in negative impact on health and well being of individual. Due to numerous changes in the lifestyles of people, number of health issue among them has increased at rapid stage (Jennings and Bamkole, 2019). Moreover, UK have fifth highest rate of obesity across Europe in 2015 I.,e around 24.9% of adult population having body mass index of 30 or more. So, the health promotional theory and model has been clearly mentioned in the poster that are being used by healthcare organisation and other to eradicate the issue to maximum extend. Such as, it has mentioned about thebehaviour change modelthat majorly focuses on preventive approach and lifestyles behavioural that are adversely impacting on the health and well being of individual. The main motive of this model is to influence people to adapt healthy lifestyles behavioural, take responsibilities of their respective health and make use of health servicestostayfitandfine.Governmentandhealthcareorganisationthroughproviding necessary information about the diseases, its impact and intervention is able to change the
behaviour, attitude and belief in effective manner (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2018). The model used as health promotion will contribute in making individual aware about what all actual activities, lifestyles such as food, sleep and other habit that they actually need to adapt to stay fit and fine. Likewise, people should be aware that they should eat more healthy and nutritional food rather than preferring junk food, along with that take 8 hours of sleep. Moreover, they should be aware of doing regular exercise and meditation as it helps in maintaining the weight and improving the health of the individual. Therefore,it can be evaluated that the behaviour model chooses as heath promotion for intervention of obesity is best because it has helped in changing the attitude, belief and behaviour of the person (Cislaghi and et.al., 2019). Along with that, the above poster has also described about thecollective action model that could be used for promoting the health. It takes account of interrelationship between the individual and environment as it stated that health is determined by number of external factor that out of control by individual. Likewise, there are several health issue that are face by individual because of adverse external environment situation i.,e low income, education and other necessary facilitiesto stay healthylifestyles. Furthermore,this model emphasis on community empowerment in which individual acquire knowledge, skills and commitment to improve their health through reviewing health status of others (Schillinger,Chittamuru and Ramírez, 2020). Therefore, it is model that encompasses ideas of community empowerment I,e., both the individual and organisation needs to take steps to eradicate the health issue through making improvement in their overall health and well-being. In addition to this, the poster has also represent crucial information related to the public policy that has been made in context of obesity. In recent scenario, there has been significant increase in obesity that is serious public health issue associated with lower life expectancy and problem. Such as stroke, diabetes, heart diseases and other issue related to the health. Different policies and procedures that has been made by the government of United Kingdom to reduce obesity orpromote good health are tax,warning labels on food, restriction on advertisement, sales of unhealthy food and more.For example:tax policy is one of the measure that has been undertaken by government to reduce the obesity by increasing the price of unhealthy food so that its overall demand can be minimized to maximum extend (Truman, Bischoff and Elliott, 2020). In in other words, tax on high sugar and high fat food act as influencing people to switch from
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unhealthy food to other alternative in order to stay fit and fine. In 2018, the government of United Kingdom has imposed tax on sugary drinks that has resulted in showing lower demand for high sugar drinks. On the contrary hand, there are some of the limitation related to the tax policy is that it is hard to change lifelong eating habit by making use of tax alone only. Along with it, in absence of other promotional health alternative and policies, higher tax will reduce demand by small amount (Robbins and et.al., 2019). Therefore, the tax policy have both benefits and disadvantages that needs to be considered by the health care organisation and government to promote overall health and well-being of individual living in the society. Government has also make policy related tofood labellingas it is one of the best way to educate people about the ingredient that are present in specific food that may be harmful for health of the individual. This policy emphasis that warning label needs to be added on the front of the products in either red or black font so that people are aware about the negative or adverse impact of particular food on their health. While, it has been noticed that there are only small labels that are showing % of recommended daily allowance. For examples: the biscuit label has key information related to fat and sugar content and the amount in which they need to be eat by individual (Kickbusch, 2019). This has helped in educating people about the manner or time they need to eat for having a good health and lifestyle. Thus, both the firm and consumer can easily adjust the amount of sugar, fat and calories in particular products so that they can be protected from key health issue of obesity. But lot of time and resources need to be wastage in the label so that necessary information about the products can be given to them in effectively manner. Apart from the above discussed policy related to health promotion intervention of obesity,restriction on advertisementand sales of products that are not good for health can also contribute in reducing the percentage of people being suffering from obesity. There should be straightforward policies need to be made to restrict the sales as well as advertisement of unhealthy food in different locations. As significant cause of childhood obesity is availability and intake of sugary drinks, chip and junk food in their daily lifestyles. Implementation of this policy is necessary as only changing the eating habit of the children is not enough or significant but also steps needs to be taken to restrict the sales (Stiehl and et.al.,2018). Along with it, government should also lay emphasis on putting limit on advertisement ofunhealthy products so that no child, adult and other individual are motivated to eat the same. As most of the youth population
eat unhealthy food by viewing the advertisement so putting restriction will lead in reducing its consumption and maximum benefits to the people. CONCLUSION From the above analysis it can be concluded that obesity is one of the major key issue face by maximum number of people living in the society due to change in their lifestyles. Such as intake of food, proper sleep,exercise, meditation and other factors that has results in increasing their overweight. At the same time, it can be stated that there are two models of health promotional intervention that has helped in promoting the awareness among people to stay healthy and fit or free from obesity. Such as,behaviour change model andcollective action model are two model that has been used as healthcare promotional to eliminate the cause of obesity. While, the tax, restriction on sales and advertisement and food labelling are different policies that has been made by the United kingdom to reduce the percentage of people suffering from obesity. Therefore, it can be summarized that the poster has contributed in effective evaluation of the strategies related to health promotional used in UK for benefits of people.
REFERENCES Books and journals Cislaghi, B and et.al., 2019. Changing social norms: the importance of “organized diffusion” for scalingupcommunityhealthpromotionandwomenempowerment interventions.Prevention Science,20(6). pp.936-946. Jennings, V. and Bamkole, O., 2019. The relationship between social cohesion and urban green space: An avenue for health promotion.International journal of environmental research and public health,16(3). p.452. Kickbusch, I., 2019. Health promotion 4.0. Robbins, R and et.al.,2019. Employee sleep and workplace health promotion: a systematic review.American Journal of Health Promotion,33(7). pp.1009-1019. Schillinger,D., Chittamuru,D. andRamírez,A.S., 2020.From “infodemics”to health promotion: a novel framework for the role of social media in public health.American journal of public health,110(9). pp.1393-1396. Stiehl, E and et.al., 2018. Worksite health promotion for low-wage workers: a scoping literature review.American Journal of Health Promotion,32(2). pp.359-373. Truman, E., Bischoff, M. and Elliott, C., 2020. Which literacy for health promotion: health, food, nutrition or media?.Health promotion international,35(2). pp.432-444. US Department of Health and Human Services, 2018.Theory at a glance: A guide for health promotion practice. Lulu. Com. 7
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