Health Promotion Program for Breast Cancer in Women

Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM FOR BREAST CANCER IN
WOMAN
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM FOR BREAST CANCER IN WOMAN
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors note

HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM FOR BREAST CANCER IN WOMAN
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Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................2
Need assessment for health promotion..........................................................................2
Issues..............................................................................................................................3
Rationale........................................................................................................................4
Goal/Aim of the proposal...............................................................................................4
Objectives.......................................................................................................................4
Strategies........................................................................................................................6
Action plan.................................................................................................................7
Model based on 5 WH Formula.....................................................................................7
Materials.........................................................................................................................9
Location and time period...............................................................................................9
Framework of the action plan..............................................................................10
Evaluation....................................................................................................................11
Formative evaluation................................................................................................11
Process evaluation....................................................................................................11
Impact evaluation.....................................................................................................11
Conclusion....................................................................................................................12
References....................................................................................................................13

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Introduction
Cancer has become one of the major reason for mortality throughout the world.
According to World Health Organization (2018), it is observed to be the second leading cause
for mortality approximately around 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Globally, it is observed that 1
out of 6 deaths occur due to cancer. Amongst all type of cancer, breast cancer is the largest
type of cancer along with lung cancer. It accounts to a population of 2.09 million cases
(Naher et al., 2018). Women are the most susceptible population for breast cancer, and it is
reported that in the year 2018 approximately 2,088,849 cases were reported accounting for
25% of all the cancers (Hwang et al., 2018). According to Australian institute of Health and
Welfare 2018 Cancer Data, in the year 2015, breast cancer became one of the most common
cancer and was reported to be frequently diagnosed in females. Hence, this report presents a
proposal for health promotion on breast cancer to educate and spread awareness amongst the
population of Western Australia.
Need assessment for health promotion
The need assessment is the systematic process for evaluating and determining the
priority for the conduction of health promotion among the women of 40 years in Penrith
According to Cancer in Penrith data projections 2018, it is reported that almost 57% of the
breast cancer in Australia are expected to be reported in Penrith with the highest incidences in
Mosman, Lane Cove, Hunters Hill, Woollahra, Lu-Ring-Ga (Wang, Hossain & Mackenzie,
2017). The major rationale for the conduction of the health promotion is to spread awareness
amongst the people of western Penrith and in turn decrease the prevalence of breast cancer in
the women of 40 years of that region. The incidence of the breast cancer among the women
of 40 years of age is high due to their slow metabolism and exposure to various
environmental agents that could cause cancer. The importance of awareness to control the

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breast cancer and improve the effectiveness of its treatment, is a fundamental step to decrease
the high incidences of breast cancer. The assessment will be conducted by the mean of some
basic strategies which includes as follow. Firstly, improving the medical literacy in
Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders and normal population. The assessment could be
achieved by mean of survey which will include women of above 35 years of age in Sydney,
where they will be asked several questions about their lifestyle and current knowledge of the
breast cancer. Further, spreading awareness about the breast cancer by mean of pamphlets
and group discussion could be effective in examining the intervention. According to
Mabachi et al. (2016), the term health literacy is defined as the capability of a person to
understand and obtain information regarding the medical conditions, services and treatments
that are required to make appropriate decisions. Furthermore, group activities, workshops and
counselling could be beneficial for assessing the need of the project.
Issues
The major issues that are the reason for this increased prevalence of breast cancer are
because of the delay in approach to medical treatment due to lack of medical literacy,
communication problem and trust of the health facilities provided. Moreover, difference in
cultural beliefs and lack of accessibility of the health care system also plays essential role in
decreasing the effectiveness of the treatment. Secondly, the social stigma works on the
women although they are aware of the importance of early medical treatment. It is the
uneasiness that constricts the women to discuss the problems with the medical professionals.
They are shy of discussing their problems and are unaware of proper communication
methods. This results in avoidance of seeking medical help in the initial days, as a result
intensifying the condition (Gibson, 2017). Hence, this leads to a situation to conduct health
promotion campaign to address these issues.

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Rationale
The increasing rate of cancer in the target population is due to the lifestyle, poor
dietary habit, which includes low consumption of fruits and vegetables and high consumption
of fat, use of carcinogenic products and family history (Brennan et al., 2017). The incidence
of breast cancer is reported to cause high rate of mortality among the women of 40 years in
Penrith population, thus increasing health burden in the society. The major reason identified
is lack of awareness about the health issue that led to late diagnosis and its high prevalence.
Thus, there is the great to conduct the health promotion project in order to bring healthy
outcome and lower the rate of breast cancer among women of 40 years of age.
Goal/Aim of the proposal
Goal is defined as the noticeable and measurable end consequence having one or
more objective to be attained of the project within more or fixed timeframe (Bjørn et al.,
2018). The goal of the project targets the women having breast cancer of 35 years of age for
their health promotion. Thus. The main goal of Health promotion program is to focus on
health status of the women of Penrith suffering from breast cancer to improve their health,
self-management, mindfulness and increase health literacy. The proposal works with the aim
to decrease the rate of breast cancer and promoting health of the women population of above
35 years age in Penrith, Australia.
Objectives
The term objective is defined as the result that a system aims to achieve in specific
time period and with available resource. It is used to measure goal of the program (Alston &
Bowles, 2019). The primary objective of the program is to spread awareness amongst the
women of these regions by solving the common problems they face like low health literacy,
social stigma, communication problem and others. Moreover, the health promotion plan also

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makes them aware of the possible causes and risk factors associated with cancer
development. Objective is divided into two sections- The Short-Term Objectives are those
which could be archived in less time, the long-term objectives are the goal which can be
observed after the long period of time ().
In order to achieve the target goal of the health promotion, the following are the short term
objective of program.
1. To improve the health literacy regarding breast cancer among the women of 40 years
of age, through small group teaching and effective conversation to achieve 60% of
health literacy within the period of one month.
2. To promote health awareness for self-management of cancer in women of 35 years
and above by mean of visual aids such as posters, brochures and pamphlets to
achieve 80% of awareness among them in the time frame of 2 months.
Following are the long term objective for the health promotion program:
1. To involve the breast cancer women in the effective discussion program to educate
them about various cause of cancers and can be measured by monitoring their daily
living activities and achieve 90% mindfulness among them in the period of 6 months.
2. To manage the metastatic breast cancer by mean of diet control, medication, treatment
and management, by measuring by regular check-ups to achieve low incidence of
breast cancer in the timeframe of 9 months.
Strategies
The term strategies is defined as the plan or method which is formulated to achieved
the desired goal (Noble & Smith, 2015). Therefore, for health promotion of the target
population following strategies could be undertaken that address the aim of the project.
Firstly a survey will be conducted in health care setting to assess the target population which