Planning and Implementation for Health Promotion and Public Health: Guidance for Monkeypox Issue

This essay discusses the planning and implementation of health promotion and public health for managing monkeypox infection. It covers the guidelines and policies made by UKHSA for managing the disease and preventing its transmission. The stakeholders, limitations, and strategies for promoting public health are also discussed.

Planing and implementation for
Health Promotion and public health for
guidance of monkey pox issue

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................1
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................2

INTRODUCTION
UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) is a government organisation formed in 2021 for
the welfare of UK-wide public health for protecting the citizens from infectious diseases. This
agency is executed by Department Of Health And Social Care (DHSC). The agency was
proposed by Matt Hancock on 18 august 2020. Baroness Harding was a responsible member of
the new organisation but then she was eliminated from the position when found to be involved in
breaking equalities legislation. The head of the Public Health England named Duncan Selbie
stated the goal of the organisation is to hike expertise with “much needed new investment”. Then
the organisation established on 1 April 2021, with Dr Jenny Harries as Chief Executive of the
agency. For providing guidance to the people to protect them from the outbreak of monkeypox
has encourage four UK Public Health Agencies to come together; UKHSA, Public Health
Scotland (PHS), Public Health Agency Northern Ireland (PHA), and Public Health Wales
(PHW). Aim of the organisation is to manage and control the disease and prevent its further
transmission (Adler and et. al., 2022).
MAIN BODY
For management of the disease, the agency has regulated new guidelines for healthcare
professionals and public and ordered them to adopt some safety measures. People who have
confirmed or possibility to develop the disease ordered to isolate themselves from others and
being quarantined for several period of time (at least for 21 days). Local people is advised to
follow healthy and hygienic lifestyle. People are motivated to adopt for food habits and
medications which enhance their immune system. The published guidance recommends that
people should avoid contact with other people and keep their clothes, bedsheets and every
materialistic thing they come in contact with to reduce chances of spread of infection. Until the
lesions are not healed and scabs did not dried off they should keep isolated in their homes only
(if no need to hospitalised). People suffered from infection need to be careful about, their lesions
must be covered with a cloth, ensure that face is covered with face mask and try to avoid the use
of public transport while travelling to hospitals or medical stores in order to seek healthcare
(Angelo and et. al., 2019). The guidelines included the concern and protection for healthcare
workers who dealt with confirmed cases of chicken pox. They were recommended to use PPE
kits (Personal Protective Equipment kits) includes aprons, FFP3 respirators, eye protection and
hand gloves.
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According to UKHSA report, the current confirmed cases of monkey pox in England are
214 until June 2, 2022. Among all cases, it is observed that people who are bisexual, gay or
prefer to have sex with man are more prone to develop this disease. In Scotland, 8 confirmed
cases have been found, In Northern Ireland 2 cases and 1 confirmed case in Wales has changed
the data report to 225 total cases (ASSESSMENT., 2022).
Policies made by UKHSA for management of monkey pox infection includes, Get
Quarantine in personal and separate rooms if people are suspected with disease, maintain proper
hygiene, avoid travelling to public places, adopt healthy lifestyle and make food preferences to
boost up the immune response, use separate bathrooms and toilets, avoid to come in contact with
other people including family members, whenever needed, always concern to cover lesions and
stabs with a clean cloth, use face mask, pregnant women should take extra care of herself, front-
line warriors should always cover and protect them by wearing PPE kits before coming in
contact with a patient, local people and healthcare professionals must have up-to-date knowledge
for the management of disease.
Stakeholders including community groups, different sector organisations, public health
agencies World Health Organisation (WHO), UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Incident
Management Support Team (IMST), WHO's Health Emergencies Department, Department of
Communicable Diseases and Surveillances (CDS), Immunisations and Vaccines Development
(IVD). National Health Service (NHS) has 1.3 million staff in UK with the budget of around £90
billion (Awan and et. al., 2022). In England, NHS is directed by the Department of Health, they
are responsible for making guidelines, strategies and policies for public healthcare, setting
standards and monitoring performance. Among all Strategic Heath Authorities, Primary Care
Trusts (PCTs) solely control 80% of all the NHS's budget. The net NHS expenditure across the
UK was approximately around £1,758 and £1,770 for Wales and Northern Ireland respectively.
Team members involved in project are: Dr. Ruth Milton, on the position of Senior Medical
Advisor and Director of Strategic Response, at UKHSA, Dr. Giri Shankar, Director of Health
Protection for Public Health Wales, Dr. Nich\K Phin, Director of Public Health Science and
Medical Director, Dr. Gillian Armstrong, Head of Health Protection at the Public Health Agency.
The project of public health promotion was designed by WHO, UKHSA and other responsible
bodies to make people aware about the widespread infection , so that they can take preventive
measures to prevent themselves and their family against the monkey pox infection. To spread
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awareness, responsible organisations have initiated display advertisements related to the problem
, started aware people about the signs and symptoms through televisions, radio, street posters,
mobile notification, by imposing restrictions on state level or national level to control and
manage the disease (Brainard and Hunter, 2020). So that people can recognise whether they are
infected or not and can adopt isolation and quarantine practices as soon as possible . Government
initiated mention updated reports of generated cases and appeal the citizens to avoid physical
contact as much as possible. By following preventive measures and creating awareness among
people, the strategies really worked effectively in controlling the disease and prevent spread of
infection at great extent.
Limitations related to clinical management and infection prevention strategies taken by
government includes, majorly the sudden changes in people's lifestyle. The population become
more concerned and attentive about disease start taking safety measures. Restrictions imposed by
the government restricted people to move outside their region or even country. So it put a great
impact on their routine work, official work and also commercialisation get affected (O’Dowd,
2021). To improve the project strategy, government and private sectors needs to come together
and raise fund for the better prevention of infection, provide effective medical facilities in case of
emergency, raise fund for medical research and clinical trial departments so the researchers are
able to find out better and effective medication to treat people suffering from disease. Medical
researchers should concentrate in finding a good medicine which can act as a antidote. Recently,
a vaccine as been approved for monkey pox which is not yet widely used.
CONCLUSION
In given essay, discussion regarding strategies and planning for health development and
implementation of strategies for promoting healthcare. To create and promote healthcare to
prevent people from infectious diseases like monkey pox infection, it is concluded that public
health is important and preventive measures should be taken to promote awareness amongst
people and reduce the risk of infectious disease. It is important to motivate people to maintain
hygiene and avoid making physical contact with each other. It has been concluded that
responsible organisations has taken many measures to prevent the health of professional
healthcare workers. Responsible agencies give their best to provide all facilities in hospitals and
clinics regarding the treatment of disease. Preparation of pharmaceutical agencies are considered
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under investigation using protocols, especially for those dealing with communicable infectious
disease medication. (Vaughan and et. al., 2020).
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adler, H., Gould, S., Hine, P., Snell, L.B., Wong, W., Houlihan, C.F., Osborne, J.C., Rampling,
T., Beadsworth, M.B., Duncan, C.J. and Dunning, J., 2022. Clinical features and
management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK. The
Lancet Infectious Diseases.
Angelo, K.M., Petersen, B.W., Hamer, D.H., Schwartz, E. and Brunette, G., 2019. Monkeypox
transmission among international travellers—serious monkey business?. Journal of travel
medicine, 26(5), p.taz002.
ASSESSMENT, R.R., 2022. Monkeypox multi-country outbreak.
Awan, U.A., Riasat, S., Naeem, W., Kamran, S., Khattak, A.A. and Khan, S., 2022. Monkeypox:
A new threat at our doorstep!. Journal of Infection.
Brainard, J. and Hunter, P.R., 2020. Misinformation making a disease outbreak worse: outcomes
compared for influenza, monkeypox, and norovirus. Simulation, 96(4), pp.365-374.
O’Dowd, A., 2021. New agency will focus on preparing and protecting UK from future
pandemics.
Vaughan, A., Aarons, E., Astbury, J., Brooks, T., Chand, M., Flegg, P., Hardman, A., Harper, N.,
Jarvis, R., Mawdsley, S. and McGivern, M., 2020. Human-to-human transmission of
monkeypox virus, United Kingdom, October 2018. Emerging infectious diseases, 26(4),
p.782.
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