The Principles of Health and Social Care Practice: A written report

This report discusses the principles of health and social care practice, including models of care, positive health interventions, and legislation. It also explores the role of health and social care workers in service delivery and the impact of accountable practices on safeguarding in health and social care.

Principles of Health and Social
Care Practice

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO 3: Models of care and role of a health and social care worker in relation to service delivery
use................................................................................................................................................3
LO 4: Appraising principles of positive health intervention and relate to self care: self
management and enablement.......................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
There are many principles which related to providing health and social care in practice
such ads safety, confidentiality, social justice and empowerment (Moudatsou and et.al., 2020).
CQC (Care Quality Commission) refers to the independent regulator which is responsible
for registering, monitoring and inspecting through all the process health and social care service
providers to ensure that the laid standards are being met. There are 5 standard of CQC involves
following
Are they “safe”
Are they “effective”
Are they “responsible”
Are they “caring”
Are they “well led?”
and its 5 standards
Wilf Ward trust is a charity trust which provides relief to carers by provision of day
facilities and respite units. It provides support services to people living with learning and
physical disabilities. There are various models in care including the medical model, psycho-socio
model and holistic models which provides which assist patients during their care services. The
6Cs of care include Coordination, Commitment, Care, Communication, Competency and
Compassion.
Models of care are important as they help in delivering the care services to the patients
using frameworks and elements which suits best the patient. The positive health interventions
assist the patients in their self care management and various legislation which ensures that best
and quality services are being delivered to the patients. The report will discuss various models,
legislation and principles and intervention in carte services.
LO 3: Models of care and role of a health and social care worker in relation to service delivery use
Models of care
The models of care describes the way in which health services should be delivered. The models
outline the best practice care ans services which can be provided to a person, population and patient
during the progress stages of their disabilities or illness. There are various models of care which provides
frameworks for service and care delivery such as: The medical model: The medical model of care provides a set of principles such as asking
questions, diagnosis, recommendations for treatment an d asking questions undertaken by health

and social care workers for providing care to those who need (Lazarus and et.al., 2021). In the
model, the objects of medical work are conceptualized in two terminologies such a disease and
illness. It defines a disease as an organic malfunction and illness as concerned with the life world
of a person. The Psycho-socio model: The model states that to understand the state of a person's complete
medical conditions all the factors such as biological involving social and psychological factors
should also be considered. Biological factors includes physiological pathology, psycho factors
involve thoughts, behaviours and emotions like distress etc., and the social factors such as socio-
environmental factors, cultural factors and socio-economical factors like family situations and
issues etc. the model is most;y used ion the chronic illnesses because it is believed that pain is
psycho-psychological behaviour which cannot be divided into social factors, biological factors or
psychological factors alone.
 The holistic model: The model states that care is practice which heals the whole person as its
goals. It focus on treating every patient and an individual which participates in their own health
care and takes their beliefs and preferences into account to focus on their physical ailments. The
model promotes the emotional, spiritual, and healthy psychological environment as a tool to help
the patients to participate and heal more actively in their own health care services (Pordes and
et.al., 2018).
Role of a health/social care worker
A health/social care workers are the people who provide their support and services to the people
who struggle with their everyday business so living. They are directly involved in the care of
people who are in need of care. The role of a health/ social care is as follows:
 Providing care to the individuals who are facing challenges of old age
 Providing care to family members of the patients in need situation
 Providing care to people who are facing some conflicts in relationships
 Providing their services to physically disabled individuals who have independence issues
or who are facing isolation from the society (Gershlick and et.al., 2017).
6Cs
6Cs are the central values which must be followed in the care services. As per NHS, the 6Cs of
care includes following:
 Care: Delivery of constant care which is focused on their individuals systems and
promotes their well-being.

 Compassion: Deliver the care with empathy, dignity, respect and recognizing the
emotions through forming relationships based on these factors.
 Communication: Ensures that no decision is taken without communicating with the
patient
 Competency: To have enough expertise and knowledge
 Commitment : being committed to the job responsibilities and roles
 Courage: Doing the right things to work in new and different ways
Multidisciplinary working
The multidisciplinary approach of care provides a design where people from different
professions (multi-disciplines/ multispecialist) work together to share resource and communicate
to provide their care services, in which each professional provides their specific services users of
care. All the activities of the professionals are brought together through the use of a care plan
(Pordes and et.al., 2018).
NHS summary plan
The national Heath care service's long term plan plans to find various ways in which
improved care to patients can be delivered in upcoming years. It will focus on ensuring that
everyone is getting the best starts in their lives, it delivers the world-class care for various major
health problems and also to sup[port people for ageing well.
Integrated services
Integrated services refers to the approach which is characterized through a high degree of
communication and collaborations in health professionals (Marczak and et.al., 2021).. They are
also called as inter-professional healthcare services. It aims to organize the principles for care
delivery in offer to achieve improved patient care services.
Service delivery to patients person centred care
Person centred care refers to the philosophical approach of service where the service is
provided by keeping the preferences and choices of patient in focus.
APIE framework which means Assess the problem, plan response, Implement the plans
evaluated outcomes is an approach of incident management to ensure consistent delivery of
services in person-centred care (The NHS Long Term Plan – a summary, 2021).
The Principles and values of NHS person centred care and NICE person centred care are:
1. Treating every patient with dignity

2. providing coordinate care services
3. Offering personalized services and
4. Enabling service users to identify and develop their abilities.
The values of person centred care are Rights, Individuality, privacy, Choice, Partnership,
Respect,Dignity and independence.
LO 4: Appraising principles of positive health intervention and relate to self care: self
management and enablement
Positive Interventions
Positive intervention refer to the evidence based acts or a services of actions which are
taken to enhance well-being of a clinical population. The positive health interventions can
include following:
 AGE UK befriending service: A free service op people to give back weekly call to an
older person who shares similar interests (Armstrong, 2018).
 PHE healthy plate: A guide for healthy eating
 PHE exercise: A guide of healthy living
Principles of positive health interventions:
The principles of positive health inventions includes following
Care Act 2014:
Care Act 2014 refers to the act which provides provisions for improving legislation
relating to care ans support services. The various principles of Care Act 2014 are following:
 The Principle of empowerment
 The Principle of prevention
 The Principle of protection
 The Principle of accountability
 The Principle of Proportionality
 The Principle of partnership
These principles promotes person-centred approach and encourage the care providers to
personalize the needs of patients needing care service.
PHE campaigns:
The Public Health England is the regulatory body in England which launches various
healthcare campaigns for better health and encourage the people to live a healthy lifestyle. It

offers free-evidence based services for free to offer as part of the campaign. This provides a
guideline to people to work towards a healthier lifestyle. It provides a range of tools which
includes easy to use mobile phone apps for supporting people by sharing healthier lifestyle tips
and also encouraging people to remain more active. It helps people in making choices which
improves their physical and mental health.
NHS websites:
The NHS (National healthcare Services) provides help to the people who struggles in
living their day to day life through internet based websites. It provides the access to high quality
care services and the digital services through the website (Eva and et.al., 2018). It provides
various services and also allows to book the appointments online such as finding a pharmacy,
GP, dentist, urgent care services and nearest A&E (Accidents and Emergency departments). It
also provide/advices various tips and tools which can allow to make the best choices regarding
the health and well-being.
Explain the following Self Care: Self care refers to the abilities of a person which allows themselves, their
communities and families to prevent disease, maintain health, cope up with illness and
disabilities and promoting their health without the support of nay health care service
provider. Self care allows a person to live nurturing experiences of life in their present
rather than relying on future. It reduces stress and refills capacities of health care workers
to provide empathy and compassion. Self management: Self management in health care refers to the abilities to cope up with
long term health situations and also managing the practical and emotional issues arising.
It allows individuals to take best decisions about their health care and leads to
improvement in health, self-efficiency and health behaviours (Eva and et.al., 2018).
 Self-enablement: Self-enablement refer to the process of inventions for identifying,
recognizing, promoting and enhancing an individual's abilities to exercise control over
their life and health without the involvement of a health care provider. It is a “doing
with” approach rather than doing for approach to enhance independence.

LO 5
There are many different kinds of legislations that can help in explaining different
accountable practices and impact of safeguarding practices in health and social care. These
legislations are different for different countries. Link between these legislations in UK and two
other countries such as (Canada and Australia) are as follows:
Safeguarding vulnerable group Act, 2006
This legislation helps in developing provisions that can help in protecting children and
vulnerable adults. It is one of the most important type of act which is required to be adhered
while dealing with safeguarding issues by service providers such as Wilf ward trust. But this
legations for protecting children and vulnerable people in Canada is completely different and for
such people an act has been developed, Care Act, 2014 in which protection to vulnerable adults
is provided. on the other hand, if this legislation is compared with safeguarding legislation in
Australia, then there is another legislation that has been developed for vulnerable people i.e.,
Vulnerable People Act 2013 (Roy and et. al., 2020). This legislation has been developed that
specifically provide protection to children, youth and families so that they can be protected. The
main focus of this legislation in all the three countries is to protect vulnerable people but focus
area and scope of protecting people of this legislation in all the three countries is different.
Mental Capacity Act 2005
This legislation in UK focuses upon empowering and protecting people who cannot make
their own decisions or lack mental capacity of taking decisions. This legislation provides a legal
framework that helps in providing power of making decision of those people behalf so that they
can make decisions for themselves. Whereas in Canada Mental capacity Act, 2001 is a bit varied
that explains that when a person is living within a mental illness and needs treatment and
protection then under this act, provision to such people is provided so that such people can
receive proper treatment. But scope of this legislation (mental capacity act, 2005) in Australia is
a bit different because there is no particular standard of capacity in Australia (Williams, 2017).
Under this act, first of all assessment of mental capacity of a person is done for understanding
whether that person need assistance or not.
Human Rights 1998
This act in UK allows people to defend their right in UK court and compels public
organizations including government, police and local councils. Whereas scope of this right in
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Canada is completely different. Human rights act, 1977 in Canada prohibits discrimination to
any person on the basis of sex, Age, race, and on the basis of variety of other categories. But
scope of this act in Australia and in UK is similar. In UK human rights act helps in preventing
human rights breach by Australian parliament, public servants, policy makers, and by public
authorities.
Accountable Practice and its impact on safeguarding in health and social care
There are various accountable practices that can impact safeguarding practices in health
and social care.
NHS has their own accountable practices that help them in support vulnerable people.
They have developed Professionalism and Professional Accountability practice in which clinical
skills of employees working in NHS is enhanced (Rigby and et. al., 2021). This directly impact
positively in safeguarding because safe clinical skills used by professionals are developed and
enhanced that helps in providing high quality safeguarding care to vulnerable people.
NMC (Nursing and midwifery) is a council that have developed their own accountability
practices for nurses and midwifes that helps in safeguarding and protecting people policy for
providing services to vulnerable people so that any kind of issues. NMC is an independent
regulatory body whose main duty is to protect public and promote and maintain their overall
health by maintain their overall confidentiality of their personal information and provide nursing
and midwifery services to all the vulnerable people.
RGN is an accountable practice that further impact safeguarding in health and social
care. As RGN are nurses who have completed 3 years training course in nursing care (Rigby and
et. al., 2021). They play a vital and important role in providing care to vulnerable people or
safeguarding them against any kind of issue faced by them and provide nursing care to them.
SCIE is a social care institute of excellence that provide care to abuse and neglected
people so that they can be provided with required support and care and any kind of issue in
terms of safeguarding faced by them can be reduced.
Conclusion and recommendations
Recommendations
Here are following recommendations that can be adopted by Wilf ward trust for
providing high quality care and adopt appropriate safeguarding practices: regular supervision and
monitoring of staff members can be done for ensuing that appropriate care is being provided to
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vulnerable people. Training can be provided to staff members so that they can enhance their
existing skills, competencies and knowledge.
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that, health and social care focus upon
providing the best services to the people who are in need of services. There are many principles
which related to providing health and social care in practice. The models of care includes
medical model and holistic model which states practices to heal people. A health care worker
plays a significant role in care services. There are various positive interventions such as carte
plan 2014 and PHE campaigns that provide principles to promote person-centred approach. Self
care, self management and self enablement are the approaches to getting health services without
the need of a healthcare worker.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Moudatsou, M. and et.al., 2020, March. The role of empathy in health and social care
professionals. In Healthcare (Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 26). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
Lazarus, J.V. and et.al., 2021. Defining comprehensive models of care for NAFLD. Nature
reviews Gastroenterology & hepatology, pp.1-13.
Pordes, E. and et.al., 2018. Models of care delivery for children with medical
complexity. Pediatric. 141(Supplement 3). pp.S212-S223.
Gershlick, B. and et.al., 2017. Election briefing: A sustainable workforce–the lifeblood of the
NHS and social care. Health Foundation. http://www. health. org. uk/publication/election-
briefing-sustainable-workforce.
Jones, N.P., 2019. The 6Cs. Learning to Care E-Book: The Nurse Associate, p.74.
www.longtermplan.nhs.uk The NHS Long Term Plan – a summary
Marczak, J. and et.al., 2021. How have the Care Act 2014 ambitions to support carers translated
into local practice? Findings from a process evaluation study of local stakeholders' perceptions of
Care Act implementation. Health & Social Care in the Community.
Armstrong, S., 2018. The apps attempting to transfer NHS 111 online. Bmj. 360.
Eva, J.J. and et.al., 2018. Self-care and self-management among adolescent T2DM patients: a
review. Frontiers in endocrinology. 9. p.489.
Online refernces:
The NHS Long Term Plan – a summary. 2021. online. Available through:
<www.longtermplan.nhs.uk > [Assessed on 21 October 2021]
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