HealthCare - Primary Medical Diagnoses

Healthcare
Student’s details

HealthCare 1
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................... 2
Primary medical diagnoses............................................................................................. 2
Early diabetic retinopathy............................................................................................. 3
Advance diabetic retinopathy.................................................................................. 3
Medication management Advanced diabetic retinopathy..........................................4
Metformin 500mg.................................................................................................... 4
Metoprolol 50mg......................................................................................................... 4
Nursing diagnoses......................................................................................................... 5
Nursing problem related to medical diagnosis.................................................................5
Nursing problem related to medication management........................................................5
Nursing Role and Inter-professional Plan of Care...............................................................6
Conclusion.................................................................................................................. 7
Bibliography............................................................................................................... 9

HealthCare 2
Introduction
The given case works upon the study report a 64-year-old newly retired truck driver namely Mr.
Hank Jackson diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy which results in blind in his left eye. He has
history of 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension’s medical history. He is taking medicine to
control both of the diseases. He is living alone for many years. According to his General
Practitioner (GP), despite of medications, he developed suboptimal blood pressure and diabetes
control. Jackson’s blood pressure and Glycated Haemoglobin is out of standard range and
besides these he had an overweighed body. However, he does not feel significant issues in his
health until he takes medicine properly.
This study aims to identify medical issues suffering by older people with specific focus on the
case study. Pathophysiology concerning Diabetic Retinopathy has been discussed in this given
study and discusses how it is associated with a case scenario. This discussion also covers
medication management such as the mechanism of action, indication, side-effects and
precautions regarding case scenario by reviewing the literature. An analysis of nursing issues in
medical diagnoses and medication management has been covered in this discussion. This
discussion also comprises the roles of nurses in healthcare and community care services and
along with the Inter-professional Plan of Care.
Primary medical diagnoses
In the above-discussed case scenario, Mr. Hank Jackson has been diagnosed with Diabetic
Retinopathy and hypertension. Diabetic retinopathy disorder is a physical condition of a person
that leads to eye complication due to diabetes impacts. It is a type of eye diseases that occur
due to diabetes is known as Diabetic retinopathy (Duh et al., 2017). It should be noted that
high level of sugar in the blood causes damage to blood vessels which results in retina

HealthCare 3
complications. Also, high level of blood sugar in blood vessels causes dwelling and leaking of
blood vessels and this swelling and leaking subsequently stops blood supply into the retina
(Wang & Lo, 2018). Sometimes due to high blood sugar, abnormal new blood vessels grow
deformities in the retina and these deformities result in a blur and blind vision of the person.
Chances of Diabetic retinopathy increase over time and less control in blood sugar or on
diabetes. The major system of Diabetic retinopathy includes spots or dark strings floating in the
vision (floaters), Fluctuating and blur vision, dark areas in vision and extreme level vision losses
(Tarr et al., 2013). The Diabetic retinopathy has two stages or two types that affects the
patients differently.
Early diabetic retinopathy
This is the most common form of diabetic retinopathy which is known as non-proliferative
diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). In this type of diseases, development of blood vessels does not
grow and stop to develop. In the NPDR diseases, the wall of blood vessels of retina loosens the
strength and small microaneurysms protrude from the walls of the blood vessels that leads to
reducing the blood vessels. This sometimes create leakage of blood and fluid into the retina
occur (Tan et al., 2019). Besides this, larger blood vessels start to dilate which results in
irregular in diameter along with mild to severe irregularities and creates blockages in blood
vassals. Further, it creates swelling in nerve fibers retina, also in some cases, central part of the
retina which is known as macula starts swell which is a medical required condition (Shah &
Gardner, 2017).
Advance diabetic retinopathy
In the advance diabetic retinopathy progress to proliferative, this is a more severe type of
diabetic retinopathy. In this type of retinopathy, blacked blood vassals reflect retina as a jelly-like
substance and results in glaucoma in the eye. In the case of Mr. Hank Jackson blockage into
blood vassals of the retina of Mr. Hank Jackson led blindness in his eye (Singh et al., 2008).