Research Methodology Applications

This assignment delves into the realm of research methodologies, examining their applications across diverse disciplines. It explores methodologies pertinent to special education and behavioral sciences, highlighting the strengths and limitations of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The analysis encompasses a range of sources, including academic journals, books, and online publications, showcasing the multifaceted nature of research methodologies in contemporary scholarship.

RESEARCH PROJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Development and validation of appropriate research and development of research
questions. ...............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Research approach............................................................................................................1
1.3 Aims and objectives of research ......................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Development of research proposal for area of research. .................................................4
2.2 Application of appropriate research methods 600............................................................4
2.3 Analysis of ethical issues relates to research ...................................................................6
2.4 Research findings and conclusion ...................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Use of appropriate research methods, techniques and findings to analyse the validity of
research...................................................................................................................................7
Theme 4 Up to great extent the factors will affect the quality of HCS................................12
3.2 Conclusion and recommendation..................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19

TASK 1
1.1 Development and validation of appropriate research and development of research questions.
Back ground of study
Improving health service is major aspects that involves various effective measures which
have been taken by the organisation in health care services to improve the condition for health
care users (Wiek and Lang, 2016). There is major role of national health care service in
enhancing the investments and making effective measures to improve the quality of health care
services within UK. In this report, the researcher has made various effective solution to improve
the quality of services in health and social care (Mark B. McClellan, 2013). In order to
accomplish the research there are various effective qualitative and qualitative methods have been
used by scholar with an aim to achieve valid outcome (Eisenhardt, Graebner and Sonenshein,
2016). Improvement is quality is about making the health care safe, effective, patients centred,
efficient timely and equitable. In order to accomplish the research, analysis of care UK is done
which is care home and provides health care services for children. This report mainly implies
with important element of agenda of quality improvement. It looks in particular at what are
known as organisational or industrial approaches to quality improvement. These aim to bring
about a measurable improvement by applying specific methods within a health care setting.
1.2 Research approach
Basically there are two important research approaches which can be used by scholar to
get valid outcomes of the results that is being conducted as major reason for increasing the valid
outcomes. These two approaches are determined below:
 Inductive approach: This is also an important approach of research practice which is
concerned with generation of new theory emerging from data.
 Deductive approach: It is an aimed and testing theory and usually begins with
hypothesis. Its emphasis is generally on causality and also associated with qualitative
research methods.
Thus, for making the research on the topic of assessing the use of quality improvement methods
in improving care in the health care settings (HSC) of UK, inductive methods is being used by
researcher which is associated with the quantitative research methods.
Project management plan
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Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Finding the investigation
topic 10 days Wed 9/22/17 Tue 4/4/17
Making problem theme 6 days 09/05/17 Wed 4/12/17 1
Formulation the activities
in time 8 days 09/05/17 Fri 4/14/17 1
Writing review 16 days Thu 9/13/17 Thu 5/4/17 2
Choice of suitable
research method 18 days Thu 9/13/17 Mon 5/8/17 2
Deciding cost 7 days Mon 9/17/17 Tue 4/25/17 2,3
Examine the collected
data 20 days 09/05/17 Thu 6/1/17 4
Evaluation of consequence
and outcomes 11 days 09/05/17 Fri 5/19/17 4
opinion and suggestion for
entire study 9 days 09/09/17 Fri 5/19/17 5
Set up result for entire
study 7 days Wed 9/26/17 Thu 5/4/17 6
Day of entry 2 days 09/02/17 Mon 6/5/17 7
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1.3 Aims and objectives of research
Aim- To assess the use of quality improvement methods in improving care in the health
care settings (HSC) of UK- A study on NHS.
OBJECTIVES-
 To determine the importance of improving quality in HSC.
 To ascertain the measures of quality improvement used by the HSC’s in UK.
 To evaluate the need of improving the quality of services and its impact on
enhancing care.
 To recommended measures in which NHS can used the quality improvement
methods to enhance patient’s care.
Research questions
 What are the importance of improving quality in HSC?
 What are the measures of quality improvement used by the HSC’s in UK?
 What are the needs of improving the quality of services and its impact on enhancing
care?
 Determine measures in which NHS can used the quality improvement methods to
enhance patient’s care?
Gantt chart
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TASK 2
2.1 Development of research proposal for area of research.
 Rationale of study: In present research project it is identifies and assess the use of
quality improvement methods in improving care in the health care settings (HSC) of UK.
The main reason behind carrying out this study is to analyse the importance of
improvement of quality in health care settings. Further, analysis of care UK is taken in
consideration in order to determine the services which are made by organisation to
improvement its services.
 Significance of study: The study has its major significance as it provides a clear
understanding about the measures taken by NHS to improve quality of health care
settings in UK. Further, it is also significant in analysing the effective methods which
should applied by health care firms to improve the quality of services for users.
 Research problem: There are various problems have faced by researcher in collection of
information from primary sources of data collection as it requires at lot of time and
efforts to make questionnaire and interpret the results.
2.2 Application of appropriate research methods 600
In order conduct an effective research, there various effective methods have been used by
the scholar that provides effective results and outcomes of research (Mackey and Gass, 2015).
There are some effective tools and techniques are also applied in these methods to evaluate the
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improvement which are made in quality of health care setting within UK by NHS. Further, these
effective research methodology is mentioned above:
 Research philosophy: Philosophy of research is generally a term which is based on the
values and belief of scholar. It is also considered as useful in respect to conduct and
effective. Regulation of business operations is considered as effective (Taylor Bogdan
and DeVault, 2015). It mainly consists of two different types of research philosophy like
interpretivism and positivism. The present research study is based on analysis of use of
quality improvement methods in improving care in the health care settings (HSC) of UK.
Therefore, Inter primitivism philosophy is undertaken by researcher that will provide in
achievement of aims and objectives related to study. This philosophy is recognised as
beneficial as it supports in analysing the quantitative observations which helps in
completion of investigation in effective manner.
 Research design: As per analysis, research design is considered as blue print of study
that supports in creation of base for completion of entire research approach (Brinkmann,
2014). There are various kinds of research designs which can be selected by the scholar
and its support will depend upon the nature of study. In this context, this research is
being carried out to analyse the use of quality improvement methods in improving care in
the health care settings (HSC) of UK. Further, researcher has selected an appropriate
descriptive designs method. It will help investigator in designing and determination of
characteristics of population that is also included in study.
 Data collection: Most important part of study that involves a process collecting
information from various sources so that investigation will become more effective and
reliable (Kurinczuk and et.al., 2016). Various there are basically two important methods
of collecting information in the process of data collection that is primary and secondary.
In primary methods of data collection, the data are being gathered by using different tools
and techniques like questionnaire, survey etc. that determines new and different
information. Further, secondary data collection method in which the individuals can also
use the information and data which is already been published or gathered by another
researcher. Selection of appropriate method is done on the basis of type of research which
is being regulated (Gast and Ledford, 2014). Present research is conducted on analysing
the use of quality improvement methods in improving care in the health care settings
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(HSC) of UK. In order to gain information about health care setting and improvement in
its services. Thus, the scholar will collect both primary and secondary data in order to
gain both new and existing information. In relation to collect primary data, research
questionnaire method will implement by scholar while for gathering secondary
information book, journal and articles have been used by investigator. The main reason
behind selection of both method is that it make study more effective and reliable.
 Sampling: It is also important research methodology which is based on selection a
sample from a target population (Marais and Pienaar-Marais, 2016). There are different
types of sampling that is probabilistic and non probabilistic. In present study, random
sampling method is used for conducting a survey. Here questions are asked from 12
selected managers' health care nursing home. Justification behind selection of manager is
that they will provide specific information which is related with analysis of improvement
of health care service in UK (Nieswiadomy and Bailey, 2017). The major reason behind
selection is that they will provide specific information related to topic that is analysing
the use of quality improvement methods in improving care in the health care settings
(HSC) of UK.
 Data analysis: As per the research, it is also considered as important for researcher to
collect information once it was collected as per the primary and secondary method of data
collection (Vera and Fabian, 2016). Further, there are various different method of
collecting information that is qualitative and quantitative which is being utilized by
researcher in this study to gain valid outcomes. Further, these techniques assist in
covering the raw material in to valid and useful information. It also provides effective
analysis improvement which have been made by NHS in improving the health care in
UK. Under this different themes on the basis of result will be prepared on the basis of
collected information. Further different chart and tables will be prepared which help in
reflecting the result in appropriate manner.
2.3 Analysis of ethical issues relates to research
There are some ethical issues have been analysed which arise while conducting research
by scholar and analysing information related to the subject. Further these ethical considerations
is defined below;
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 Ethical considerations: While conducting a research, it is essential for scholar to
concentrate on ethics as it supports in making the research more effective and reliable. It
should needs to use primary methods to collect the information so that data which is
gathered must provide a valid outcome (Patino, Au and Vollmer, 2016). It is important
that information which is collected from secondary sources should be cited properly.
Further, all information that is collected from secondary data should be valid and must be
collected by appropriate investigation rather than assumption. It is important for scholar,
that personal information which is provided by manager or respondent must be kept
confidential and they will not force for taking participant.
 Validity and reliability: In order to provide certification for validity and reliability of
data, the information is collected from appropriate sources. Moreover, themes are
prepared on basis of data analysis chapter so that all the information is presented in
appropriate manner.
2.4 Research findings and conclusion
In the above collected information, it has been analysed that there is continuous
improvement in health care settings with the changes of time and it supports the care home in
appropriate manner. It is also analysed that there is major contribution of national health care
services in making improvement in HCS within UK and provided various new opportunities for
organisation to adopt new methods and technologies to provide quality of service to users.
Further, it has also been concluded that employees in care home needs to be trained so they can
use new technologies and services to users. With appropriate primary and secondary data
collection methods, scholar has gathered valid and useful information which helps in completion
of further research project. With the assist of advanced technology it made it easy for the
company that necessity and taste of purchase should be known and measures should be taken for
meeting those requirements.
TASK 3
3.1 Use of appropriate research methods, techniques and findings to analyse the validity of
research.
Name:
Age:
7

Company:
Designation:
1. Do you think that their requirement of improvement in Health care setting ?
a) YES
b) NO
2. Does the organisation had made effective contribution in introducing new and effective
quality services for users?
a) YES
b) NO
3. Do you think that organisation has used effective methods for improving the quality?
a) YES
b) NO
4. Up to what extent gets affected with factors that affects the quality of HCS?
a) Greater extent
b) Limited extent
c) No effect
5. Do you think that measures taken by NHS are effective and appropriate for making
improvement in health care setting?
a) YES
b) NO
6. Do you have made nay recommendation to organisation to improvement the services?
a) YES
b) NO
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7. Does the organisation is providing training to its employees for improving the quality of
HCS.
a) YES
b) NO
8. Do you think that methods which used by organisation will provide valid outcome?
a) YES
b) NO
9. Do you think that motivation, either improvement in HCS is beneficial for its users?
a) YES
b) NO
Theme 1 There is requirement of improvement in Health care setting.
Do you think that their requirement of
improvement in Health care setting?
No. Of respondents
a) YES 8
b) NO 4
12
9

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned diagram, it is has been analysed that there are 8
respondents who think that there is requirement of improvement in health care setting. There are
only 4 respondents who think that there is not need of improvement. Hence, it can be said that
there is need of improvement in quality of HCS.
Theme 2: Organization had made effective contribution in introducing new and effective quality
services for users
Does the organization had made effective
contribution in introducing new and effective
quality services for users? No. of respondents
a) YES 7
b) NO 5
12
10
a) YES
b) NO
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8
4
Column B

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned diagram, it is has been analysed there are 7
managers who have voted that organisation has made effective contribution in introducing new
and effective quality of services for its users, 5 people are those who had denied this statements.
Thus, it can be clearly analysed that care home has effective contribution introduction of new
and innovation services.
Theme 3: Organization has not used effective methods for improving the quality
Do you think that
organization has
used effective
methods for
improving the
quality?
No. Of
respondents
a) YES 4
b) NO 8
11
a) YES b) NO
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
7
5
Column B

12
Interpretation: From the above mentioned diagram, it is clearly shown that there are only 4
respondents who think that organisation has used effective methods for improving the quality in
health care settings. But majority of 8 respondents have denied this statement. Thus, it is clear
that organisation has not used effective methods to improve the quality of healthcare settings.
Theme 4 Up to great extent the factors will affect the quality of HCS
Up to what extent the factors will affect the
quality of HCS? No. Of respondents
a) Greater extent 7
b) Limited extent 4
c) No effect 1
12
12
4
8
a) YES
b) NO

Interpretation: In this figure, the bars determined that 7 respondents have said that the quality
of HCS is affected by the factors up to great extent, 4 respondents are those who have voted that
it will affect up to limited extent and only 1 respondent has told that it will make no effect. Thus,
it can be said that
Theme5: Measures taken by NHS are effective and appropriate for making improvement in
health care setting
Do you think that measures taken by NHS are
effective and appropriate for making
improvement in health care setting? No. of respondents
a) YES 9
b) NO 3
12
13
a) Greater extent
b) Limited extent
c) No effect
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
7
4
1
Column B

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned diagram, it is clear that there are nine respondents
who think that measures taken by NHS are effective and appropriate for making improvement in
health care setting. Further, there are only 3 people who have denied this statement. Through
this, it can be said that steps and procedures which are taken by NHS is effective in improvement
of HCS within UK.
Theme 6 No recommendation to organization to improvement the services
Do you have made any recommendation to
organization to improvement the services? No. of respondents
a) YES 5
b) NO 7
12
14
a) YES
b) NO
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9
3
Column B

Interpretation: The given figure determines that, there are only 5 respondents who have
provided valid recommendation and suggestion to organization for improvement of health care
services. Further, 7 respondents are those who have not made any recommendation. Thus, it can
be said that there are effective recommendation have been provided by this manager to
organisation.
Theme 7 organisation is not providing training to its employees for improving the quality of
HCS
Does the organization be providing training to
its employees for improving the quality of
HCS. No. Of respondents
a) YES 4
b) NO 8
12
15
5
7
a) YES
b) NO

Interpretation: This figure clearly determines that there are 8 respondents who have said that
organization is not providing training to their employees in order to develop and improve quality
HCS. Only 4 respondents have said that it has provided training. Thus, through this it can be said
that organization is providing training to their employees at workplace.
Theme 8: Methods which used by organization will provide valid outcome.
Do you think that methods which used by
organization will provide valid outcome? No. of respondents
a) YES 8
b) NO 4
12
16
a) YES
b) NO
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4
8
Column B

Interpretation: In the above mentioned diagram, it has been clear that 8 respondent who think
that methods used by organisation to improve the quality of health care settings will provide a
valid outcome. Moreover, 4 people have denied this statement and said that it will not provide
valid outcome. Hence, it is said that methods used by organisation will provide positive outcome.
Theme 9: Improvement in HCS is beneficial for its users
Do you think that improvement in HCS is
beneficial for its users? No. Of respondents
a) YES 10
b) NO 2
12
17
8
4
a) YES
b) NO

Interpretation: As per the above analysis, it is clear that there are 10 respondents who think that
improvement in health care is beneficial for users. Only 2 respondents are there who that it is not
beneficial. Thus, it is clear that the improvement in HCS is considered as beneficial for its users.
3.2 Conclusion and recommendation
In this report, it has been concluded that there are major requirements of improvement
in health care services. There is major role of national health care service in enhancing the
investments and making effective measures to improve the quality of health care services
within UK. In this report, the researcher has made various effective solution to improve the
quality of services in health and social care. In order to accomplish the research there are
various effective qualitative and qualitative methods have been used by scholar with an aim
to achieve valid outcome. Further, scholar has also made a recommendation that there is
requirement for firms to apply effective methods and develops effective strategies to improve
the quality of health and social care service.
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a) YES b) NO
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
10
2
Column B

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Mackey, A. and Gass, S. M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design.
Routledge.
Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015. Introduction to qualitative research methods: A
guidebook and resource. John Wiley & Sons.
Brinkmann, S., 2014. Interview. In Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology (pp. 1008-1010).
Springer New York.
Gast, D. L. and Ledford, J. R. eds., 2014. Single case research methodology: Applications in
special education and behavioral sciences. Routledge.
Kurinczuk, J. J., Linsell, L., Malouf, R., Marlow, N. and Morris, J., 2016. Risk factor models for
neurodevelopmental outcome in children born very preterm or with very low birth weight:
a systematic review of methodology and reporting. American Journal of Epidemiology.
Marais, H. C. and Pienaar-Marais, M., 2016, June. Analysis of Research Methodology in
Business and Management Studies as Reflected in the ECRM 2015 Proceedings.
In European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management
Studies (p. 167). Academic Conferences International Limited.
Nieswiadomy, R. M. and Bailey, C., 2017. Foundations of nursing research. Pearson.
Vera, Y. and Fabian, N., 2016. Crime prevention through environmental design.
Patino, C. M., Au, D. H., and Vollmer, W. M., 2016. Building Research Capacity In Middle And
Low-Income Countries Through Research Methodology And Career Development
Education. In D102. FIGURING OUT WHAT WE DON'T KNOW: ADVANCES IN
MEDICAL EDUCATION (pp. A7567-A7567). American Thoracic Society.
Wiek, A. and Lang, D.J., 2016. Transformational sustainability research methodology.
In Sustainability Science (pp. 31-41). Springer Netherlands.
Eisenhardt, K.M., Graebner, M.E. and Sonenshein, S., 2016. Grand challenges and inductive
methods: Rigor without rigor mortis. Academy of Management Journal, 59(4), pp.1113-
1123.
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