Water and Sanitation Challenges in Poor African Communities: Impact on Health Outcomes

Running head: HEALTHCARE
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Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

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Introduction
The concept of the health related promotions is based over the social determinants that is
aligned with certain principles related to the human rights like the accountability, social
participation, nondiscrimination and the transparency. As per the legislation and the declaration
of the year 2010, the human rights to the water and sanitation (HRWS) by the General Assembly
by United Nations and the Human Rights Council aimed for ensuring aces to proper water and
sanitation without any discrimination for all (Boisson et al., 2016). With the development of the
first International Conference on Health Promotion, the concept regarding the promotion of
health is based over the expanded concept of health that has developed by various actors for
bringing some of the new ways regarding the practices and thinking. According to Corburn and
Hildebrand (2015) illness has come to be understood as the procedure that generally involves
the behavioral, economic, biological, cultural, social and the environmental concepts. The
concept regarding the promotion of health promotion tends to values the connection among the
popular and the technical knowledge and furthermore proposes increased dialogue among the
communities and the institutions. As per the statements and the declaration by the Human Rights
Council of the United Nations, the theoretical framework that has been developed behind the
human rights towards the sanitation and water has been derived from other rights like the right
towards adequate living standard, right towards the mental and the physical health and the right
towards the dignity and the life (Wolf et al., 2018). The thesis stamen of the essay argues with
the water and the sanitation challenges within the community of the Africa poor population
towards their health outcomes. The essay elaborates towards the context of the social
determinant of the poor African population together with the strategic model for the

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recommendation regarding the suggested improvement of the health condition of the targeted
population.
Social determinant of health
The social determinants regarding health are the procedures and the certain conditions
where individual grow, born, live, work for and age. The circumstances of the social
determinants are generally shaped by the effective distribution of the power, money and the
resources within the national and the global levels. According to Bartram et al. (2015) the social
determinants of health are the responsible factors for the inequalities of health which are the
avoidable differences at the status of health and the unfair stats within and among the countries.
Figure – The social determinant of health

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Source - (Pega et al., 2017)
The figure above explains the factors of the social determinant of health that influences
the health and the standards of living of the individual. These factors contribute to the basic
necessities of an individual to live peacefully in the world. According to Thornton et al. (2018)
there are various of factors that have influence over the health. In the addition to the genetics and
the choices of the lifestyle, individuals are born, work and also have some of the essential
effluence on the health. The determinants of the health and the social determinants of health
includes a broad range of social, personal , economic and environmental factors that tends to
determine the population and the individual health. The social determinant of the health signifies
to a specified group of the economic and social factors among the wider determinants of the
health (Taylor et al., 2016). These are connected to the people’s position in the society like the
education, income and employment. The essay highlights on the social determinant of the lack of
water and sanitation among the poor population in Africa. The experiences related to the
historical trauma or the discrimination are some of the essential social determinants of the health
towards the certain community in Africa who are under poverty.
Name the social determinant chosen
The links among the water and the issue or the problems of the health are well established
within various debates. According to Jennings, Larson and Yun (2016) an approximately 1.4
million deaths per year are due to the reason for the diarrhea specifically that affects the children
who belongs under the age five. Water and proper sanitation is one of the essential social
determinant of health affecting the living status of community people living under threatening
environmental conditions and under poverty level. According to Corburn and Hildebrand (2015),