Challenges and Measures for Food Security in Nigeria

Running head: HEALTHCARE
HEALTHCARE
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Introduction
The environmental factors are the ley and the root cause towards the significant burden of
disease in the developing countries. As per the reports by the World Health organization, an
estimated amount of 25% of the death and the global disease are linked to the environmental
hazards (FRAMEWORK FOR LINKAGES BETWEEN HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT AND
DEVELOPMENT, 2019). These includes unsafe and poor sanitation, malaria, air pollution, acute
poisoning, climate changes, lack of nutrition and food and more. The environmental risk
assessment aims to highlight some of the major challenges in the globe, that is the lack of
security of food at specific region, Nigeria which is in Africa.
Nigeria situated in Africa has attention for the lack in proper security of food and
nutrition throughout many years. The country has the historical record regarding the decreasing
rate of the low dietary supply of energy, nourishments together with higher rate of
multidimensional poverty and rural poverty rate (Adebayo et al., 2016). The scarcity of nutrition
and food that are influenced by the consumption and the production varies widely in the country.
Discussion
Part 1
The food health and safety indicators are the useful tools for the explanation of the
food hazards, the contamination pathways, the status of the exposure and the health related
effects in the terms of the public health. According to Ashagidigbi, Afolabi & Adeoye, (2017),
the DPSEEA framework is one of the most effective tool or the framework since it is divides the
chains of the causation towards the five domains from the distal towards the proximal causes
allowing for the actions towards targeting each of the domain. The framework by the World

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Health Organization is useful for the development of the food and safety health indictors with the
classification as per the domain and the points of interventions that can be identified on
systematic basis. On the context of the impacts of the health of humans, both thee exposures and
e resulting effect of the health mist be represented.
In the context of the food security in Nigeria, situated in Africa, the framework can be
defines and analyzed as follows.
Figure - D-P-S-E-E-A Framework
Source – (FRAMEWORK FOR LINKAGES BETWEEN HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT AND
DEVELOPMENT. 2019)
The figure above explains the framework including driving force, pressure, state, exposure,
effect and actions towards the food security of the Nigeria.

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The driving forces - The excessive growth of population in the state of Nigeria in Africa,
together with the lack of proper economic development due to the poverty and unemployment
are some of the contributing factors. Furthermore technology plays a very essential role in the
driving force for this environmental health hazard.
The pressure –The effectiveness of production of food disrupts the nutritional factors regarding
the nutrition and the food rate sufficiency that results to wastage on post-harvest. The access and
the choice together with the resource utilization with the resource stability contributes to the
major factors that hinders the food security, convenience and nutrition of the people of
Nigeria(Benson et al., 2017). This furthermore increases the challenges and the issues related to
the environmental health of the food security in Nigeria. The waste formed are not effectively
released in the country resulting in disease and health challenges.
State – The effect of the natural disaster in the agricultural sector of Africa absorbs more than 25
percent of the total damage and losses. The impact of the natural disaster over the production and
the security of the food in the country is severe. In Africa, drought is one of the challenging
factor resulting in losing up of 20 percent of the agricultural and food problem. Climatological
and meteorological disaster like storms, extreme temperature and wildfires. Besides, geophysical
disaster like tsunamis, earthquakes and mass movements contributes to the challenge for the
security of the food in the country (Matemilola & Elegbede, 2017). The pollution caused due to
climate change influences the lack of nutritional security.
Exposure – The external exposure to insufficient production in the country which is a barrier for
enabling the sufficiency of food to the people in country. The increased rate of poverty within
the country are the absorbed dose and the target organ dose for the country.