Healthcare: An Analysis of Fall Accidents in Indonesia Construction

This report critically appraises an article on fall accidents in Indonesian construction projects, examining the nature of these accidents and contributing factors. The report utilizes the CASP tool for systematic review, assessing the article's methodology, data sources, and findings. The research primarily relies on data from PT Jamsosteky, an Indonesian construction worker insurance company, and scholarly articles published between 2000 and 2009. The findings highlight that fall accidents are most common in the afternoon, particularly in scaffolding areas during structural framework work. The report identifies limitations, such as the lack of current data and a single data source, suggesting potential biases. Despite these limitations, the report concludes that the research provides crucial information for future researchers, offering insights into accident patterns and potential prevention strategies for the construction industry in Indonesia.

Running head: HEALTHCARE
Healthcare
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
Occupational health and safety refers to the multidisciplinary field concerned with the
safety, health as well as welfare of employees. The chief goal of the workplace health and safety
programs involves fostering a safe and healthy workplace to the employees. According to the
health and safety policies, workers, along with protecting themselves are also responsible for
protecting their co-workers as well as the family members. The Ministry of Manpower is
responsible for ensuring for the safety, health and welfare of the employees in Indonesia whiling
working in factory as well as in areas surrounding the factory where laborers perform. In the
article” The nature of fall accidents in construction projects: a case of Indonesia”, the different
kinds of fall accidents faced by construction workers and the nature of the fall accidents has been
evaluated. Along with this, the event area along with their potential active failures that leads to
accident falls has also been discussed in the article. Fall accidents in construction project,
specifically when it comes to building works is currently the most frequently happening
accidents in Australia. These accidents are not only resulting in deaths but are also causing
serious injuries to workers which in turn is affecting the productivity of the workers. Considering
the fact that the research has been conducted on such a relevant and crucial topic, in the
following paragraph, critical appraisal of the article will be performed in the following
paragraphs (Sanjaya et al. 2018).
Critical appraisal of an article with the help of CASP tool for Systematic review
Section A
Question 1
No.

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The Authors have not stated the chief question that is being addressed through the
research paper. The chief purpose of the article is to present the nature of fall accidents in high
rise building project construction in Indonesia. The paper has been written in order to provide
assistance to future researchers involved in construction projects in order to plan an accident
prevention strategy in an effective way. In the article, a specific population has not been studied.
Instead of that, Information has been collected from reports provided by PT Jamsosteky, the
stated owned worker insurance company. However, from the findings of the research, the
researchers have been able to answer the exact time in the day when the fall accidents take place
and the type of constructional job which results in most of the fall accidents (PERMANA and
DREBENSTEDT 2013).
Question 2
Yes.
The information that has been collected from the research paper is from PT Jamsosteky
which is a construction worker insurance company. Considering the fact that the information
provides enough detail for addressing the chief purpose of the research, the reports collected
from the mentioned organizations can be considered as the right type of papers for the research.
Along with this, 32 articles and report were also used for collection of information for this
article. The scholarly articles that has been selected possess appropriate study design,. The
articles al addresses the question of the review.
Question 3
Yes

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Besides that 32 numbers of scholarly articles as well as reports related to the research
topic that is the nature of fall accidents in constructional project has also been used for collecting
information for the research. All the articles that have been used for the research paper have been
published between the years 2000 to 2009.Hence, in spite of the fact that that all the papers are
relevant to the research topic, there is a lack of time relevancy of the papers from which
information has been collected. This could have been avoided by selecting current research
papers that is articles between the time ranges of 2013 to 2019. All the research papers that were
used are written in the English language. Majority of the articles used are scholar reviewed
(Enshassi and Shakalaih 2015).
Question 4
No.
Considering the fact that the researcher has used only one data base that is PT Jamsosteky
as the chief source for data collection, there prevails a risk of lack authenticity of the data.
According to Chong and Low 2014, it is highly crucial for the author to use more than 5 to 7
sources for collection of data in case of systematic review. Since the data has been collected
from only one source, the findings of the article may not match the actual concerns. According to
the author need to consider the rigueur of the studies that has been identified by them. If the
information is not studied in an effective way, it possesses the potentiality to impose negative
impact on the result of the study (Irfani 2015). Researchers can use several measures in order to
ensure high quality of their assignment. For instance, the research paper can be given to a review
committed in order to eradicate any kinds of spelling errors as well as sentence construction
errors. Not only has this, in order to reduce bias in information provided to the readers, more and

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more sourced needs to be evaluated. The data analysis procedure needs to be done in an
effective way so that appropriate result can be obtained. Another factor tat needs to be pointed
out that the research has been conducted on the basis of reports that are only on cases that
includes accidents occurring in high rise building projects which are 2 floors above (Zuraida,
Iridiastadi and Sutalaksana 2017). Research has not been conducted on other types of accidents
that takes place in the constructional sites of Indonesia. This is another major loophole of the
article.
Question 5
Yes.
In order to give direction to the final result, all the results obtained from the several
themes were accumulated by the researcher. One of the chief reasons behind accumulating the
information is the similarity of the result from study to study. Along with that, in this research
paper, all the included studies are clearly displayed article. The data has been accumulated in
order to help the future researchers to identify variables under each of the proposed factors in the
article. According to researchers in a research paper where the different types of results obtained
are dependent on each other, it is highly crucial to accumulate hem in order to obtain an effective
final result that can be used by research purposes in future.
Section B
Question 6

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The findings have pointed out the chief factors that eventually result in fall accident. The
researchers have also mentioned that beside fall accidents other types of accidents are prevalent
in the constructional site. While the numbers of fall accidents are much lesser than any other
accidents, it is perceived as the most dangerous accidents in the mentioned field. 30 percent of
the fall accidents are found to be related to personal factor while 30 percent is found to be
associated with non personal factors. The finds of thee article also contains the time of the day
during which fall accidents are most common. The afternoon time is the time in which workers
working under fatigue and less concentration due to many potential distractions (Lumba,
Muthohar and Priyanto 2017). Another information that has been obtained includes relation of
fall accident with the type of work processed. 52 percent of risks of fall accident take place the
scaffolding areas while working for structural framework. The data has been accumulated in
order to help the future researchers to identify variables under each of the proposed factors in the
article. It was found that fall accidents mainly related to workers when working for structural
framework/ bekesting work the scaffolding area (52%). The fall accidents mostly occur at
afternoon time (46%) and related to building structure works (22%) as well as involving many
young workers (40%).
Question 7
According to Rakhman and Nugroho 2014, precision can be defined as the process by
which the closeness of the data obtained by the research to other samples is determined. The
result obtained in the research paper is not precise. For instance, the standard error is considered
as the measure of precision. If the result obtained from an article demonstrate small standard
error it can be considered that the research paper possess high amount of precision and vise
versa. However, the exact percentage of the factors associated with the research topic has been

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provided by the researcher. According to Singh 2016, it is highly crucial to be both accurate as
well as precise while conducting any kind of measurement for the research. The role of accuracy
is to represent the closeness of a measurement to its true value. However, the researchers have
not mentioned any kinds of true value and hence there is no scope of measuring the accuracy of
the data obtained by the researcher. Both accuracy and precision is crucial since bad equipment,
poor data processing or human error can lead to inaccurate results that are not very close to the
truth. Mohammed and Ishak 2013 have pointed out the basic difference between precision of a
research paper and accuracy of the same. Measurements that are close to the known value are
said to be accurate, whereas measurements that are close to each other are said to be precise.
Section C
Question 8
Yes.
Considering the fact that the research has been conducted with the help of the reports taken from
one of the insurance company of Indonesia, the result can be applied to the local population. The
result obtained in the article is expected to act as a major source of information for the future
researchers who wants to conduct research on the fall accidents that are occurring at Indonesian
constructional sites. Since all the information collected for the research paper is from one of the
local insurance company, it can be clearly understood that the research can be applied to the
local paper.
Question 9
No.

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The chief aim of the paper was to identify the different types of fall accidents that take place in
Indonesia and their nature. First of all, the data collection as well as data analysis portion of the
article is very brief. Since only 100 accidents form a single source that is PT Jamsosteky has
been selected ,, there possess a risk of bias in the information. Bias information demonstration
lack of inclusion of relevant data that is associated with the research topic. Lack f information
incorporated in the research automatically demonstrates lack of consideration of important
outcomes. For instance, outcomes like the average number of fall accidents that takes place per
year or the types of fall accidents that occurs majority of the time has not been considered in the
research paper.
Question 10
Yes
No harms has be done as well as experienced throughout the procedure of completing the
assignment. Considering the fact that information has been collected only from a single report,
the cost of the assignment can be presumed to not be high. The outcome of the systematic review
was obviously derived for the benefit of the society particularly for the workers who worked at
the constructional sites of Indonesia. The information accumulated in the mentioned article will
also help the future researcher to conduct research for various strategies that can be implemented
in order to get rid of the issue. However, the analysis could have been done in a more detailed
way and more crucial information associated with the research topic can be accumulated in order
to ensure maximum benefit of the costs.
Conclusion

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From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the research paper provides crucial
information about the nature of fall accidents that takes place in the constructional cites of
Indonesia. According too the researchers, the accident rates in Indonesian constructional cites
fluctuates every year. Crucial information like the main factors leading to the accidents and the
time in a day when majority of the accidents takes place has been assessed through this research
paper. However, the paper lacks narrative and detailed analysis, which has off course imposed
adverse affect on the quality of the research. Not only this, the research has been done
completely based on only one major source of information which in turn enhanced the risk of
bias in the paper.

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Reference List
Chong, H.Y. and Low, T.S., 2014. Accidents in Malaysian construction industry: statistical data
and court cases. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics, 20(3), pp.503-513.
Singh, B., 2016. Succession politics in Indonesia: the 1998 presidential elections and the fall of
Suharto. Springer.
Mohammed, Y.D. and Ishak, M.B., 2013. A study of fatal and non-fatal accidents in construction
sector. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering, 25(1).
Zuraida, R., Iridiastadi, H. and Sutalaksana, I.Z., 2017. Indonesian Drivers’ Characteristics
associated with road accidents. International Journal of Technology, 2, pp.311-319.
Enshassi, A. and Shakalaih, S., 2015. Construction workers fall accidents from Scaffolding in
Gaza Strip. In The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project
Management (ICCEPM 2015).
PERMANA, H. and DREBENSTEDT, C., 2013. MINING ACCIDENT ANALYSIS IN
INDONESIA (PRIMA SYSTEM). Revista Minelor/Mining Revue, 19(1).
Sanjaya, K.H., Sya'Bana, K., Mustaqim, Y., Hutchinson, S. and Diels, C., 2018. Preliminary
investigation of sleep-related driving fatigue experiment in Indonesia. Journal of Mechatronics,
Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, 9(1), pp.8-16.
Irfani, T.H., 2015. The prevalence of occupational injuries and illnesses in ASEAN: comparison
between Indonesia and Thailand. Public health of Indonesia, 1(1).
Lumba, P., Muthohar, I. and Priyanto, S., 2017. Human Factors on Motorcyclists’ Accidents
Severity; Analysis Using Bayesian Network. Int. J. Eng. Technol, 9(1), pp.233-242.

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Rakhman, A.Z. and Nugroho, L.E., 2014, November. Fall detection system using accelerometer
and gyroscope based on smartphone. In Information Technology, Computer and Electrical
Engineering (ICITACEE), 2014 1st International Conference on, pp. 99-104.